TABLE 365.-Per cent of persons 6 years of age or over who speak English, by sex and general nativity and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 40 or more persons reporting. The totals however, are for all non-English-speaking races.]

From the data presented in the above table, it appears that of the persons for whom information was secured, 69.6 per cent of the males and 69.8 per cent of the females are able to speak English. The proportion of persons, both males and females, who speak English is much larger for the native-born of foreign father than for the foreign-born. Of the foreign-born, the Hebrews and Slovaks, in the order mentioned, have, the largest and the Lithuanians and Magyars the smallest proportion of males, and the Hebrews and Poles, in the order mentioned, have the largest and the Lithuanians and Slovenians the smallest proportion of females, who can speak English. The native-born of foreign father, the foreign-born, and each of the foreign races specified, with the exception of the Magyars, Poles, and Syrians, have a larger proportion of males who speak English than of females.

The table following shows, by age at time of coming to the United States and race of individual, the percentage of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over in the households studied who speak English.

TABLE 366.-Per cent of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over who speak English, by age at time of coming to the United States and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 40 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all non-English-speaking races.]

In this locality 94.7 per cent of the persons for whom information was secured who came to the United States when under 14 years of age, as compared with 55.6 per cent of those who came here when 14 or over, can speak English. The proportion of persons who came here when 14 or over who speak English is largest for the Hebrews, Slovaks, and Syrians, in the order mentioned, and smallest for the Lithuanians and Magyars. Of the persons who came to this country when under 14 all of the Hebrews, South Italians, Lithuanians, Poles, and Slovenians, and over 90 per cent of the Magyars and Slovaks, are able to speak English.

The progress made by persons of non-English-speaking races in acquiring ability to speak English after designated periods of residence in this country is set forth in the table following, which shows, by years in the United States and race of individual, the percentage of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over in the households studied who speak English.

TABLE 367.-Per cent of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over who speak English, by years in the United States and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 40 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all nonEnglish-speaking races.]

In this locality 33.1 per cent of the foreign-born persons for whom information was secured, who have been in the United States under five years, as compared with 69.7 per cent of those who have been here from five to nine years, and 86.5 per cent of those who have been here ten years or over, can speak English. In other words, there is an increase in the proportion of persons who speak English with years of residence in the United States. This is true, not only of all the foreign-born, but of all the races for which the percentages are given with the exception of the Bohemians and Moravians. A slightly larger proportion of Bohemians and Moravians who have been in this country from five to nine years than of those who have been here ten years or over can speak English.

LIST OF TEXT TABLES.

PART I-GENERAL SURVEY OF EMPLOYEES ENGAGED IN DIVERSIFIED

CHAPTER I.-Introduction:

INDUSTRIES.

Page.

Table 1.-Total number of employees in 16 industries for whom information was secured, by sex and general nativity and race, and by industry..... 4-10 CHAPTER II.-Racial displacements:

Table 2.-Employees for whom information was secured, by sex and general nativity and race.-Carpet manufacturing. (Study of employees)..

Table 3.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general nativity and race.- -Car building and repairing-East. (Study of employees)....

Table 4.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general nativity and race.-Car building and repairing-Middle West. (Study of employees).

Table 5.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general
nativity and race.-Car building and repairing-South. (Study of
employees)....

Table 6.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general
nativity and race.-Industry as a whole. (Study of employees)..
Table 7.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general
nativity and race.-Cutlery and tools. (Study of employees)..
Table 8.-Employees for whom information was secured, by sex and gen-
eral nativity and race.-Electrical supplies. (Study of employees)..
Table 9.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general
nativity and race.—Electric railways. (Study of employees).
Table 10.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general
nativity and race.-Firearms. (Study of employees)..

Table 11.-Employees for whom information was secured, by sex and
general nativity and race.-Foundry and machine-shop products. (Study
of employees)..

Table 12.-Employees for whom information was secured, by sex and general nativity and race.-Knit goods and hosiery. (Study of employees). Table 13.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general nativity and race.-Locomotive building and repairing-East. (Study of employees)..

Table 14.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general nativity and race.- -Locomotive building and repairing-South. (Study of employees).

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14

15

16

17

18

19, 20

21

22

22

23, 24

25

26

26

27

28

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Table 15.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general nativity and race.-Industry as a whole. (Study of employees). Table 16.-Employees for whom information was secured, by sex and general nativity and race.-Paper and wood pulp. (Study of employees). Table 17.-Employees for whom information was secured, by sex and general nativity and race.-Paper products. (Study of employees).... 30, 31 Table 18.-Employees for whom information was secured, by sex and general nativity and race.- -Rope, twine, and hemp. (Study of employees)..

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Table 19.-Employees for whom information was secured, by sex and general nativity and race. Sewing machines- East. (Study of employees)..

Table 20.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general nativity and race. Sewing machines-Middle West. (Study of employees)...

CHAPTER II.—Racial displacements-Continued.

Table 21.-Employees for whom information was secured, by sex and general nativity and race.-Industry as a whole. (Study of employees). Table 22.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general nativity and race.-Steam railways. (Study of employees). Table 23.-Employees for whom information was secured, by sex and general nativity and race.-Typewriters. (Study of employees).. Table 24.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general nativity and race.-Zinc smelting and refining. (Study of employees).. CHAPTER III.-Racial displacements:

Table 25.-Per cent of foreign-born employees in the United States each specified number of years, by sex and race.-Carpets. (Study of employees)..

Table 26.-Per cent of foreign-born male employees in the United States each specified number of years, by race.-Cars-East. (Study of employees)..

Table 27.-Per cent of foreign-born male employees in the United States each specified number of years, by race. Cars-Middle West. (Study of employees)..

Table 28.-Per cent of foreign-born male employees in the United States each specified number of years, by race.-Industry as a whole. (Study of employees)..........

Table 29.-Per cent of foreign-born male employees in the United States each specified number of years, by race.-Cutlery and tools. (Study of employees).....

Table 30.-Per cent of foreign-born employees in the United States each specified number of years, by sex and race.-Electrical supplies. (Study of employees)...

Table 31.-Per cent of foreign-born male employees in the United States each specified number of years, by race. Electric railways. (Study of employees)..

Table 32.-Per cent of foreign-born male employees in the United States each specified number of years, by race.-Firearms. (Study of employees)..

Table 33.-Per cent of foreign-born employees in the United States each specified number of years, by sex and race.-Foundry and machine-shop products. (Study of employees)....

Table 34.-Per cent of foreign-born employees in the United States each specified number of years, by sex and race.-Knit goods and hosiery. (Study of employees)..

Table 35.-Per cent of foreign-born male employees in the United States each specified number of years, by race.-Locomotives-East. (Study of employees)..

Table 36.-Per cent of foreign-born male employees in the United States each specified number of years, by race.-Industry as a whole. (Study of employees). .

Table 37.-Per cent of foreign-born employees in the United States each specified number of years, by sex and race.-Paper and wood pulp. (Study of employees).

Table 38.-Per cent of foreign-born employees in the United States each specified number of years, by sex.-Paper products. (Study of employees)..

Table 39.-Per cent of foreign-born employees in the United States each specified number of years, by sex and race.-Rope, twine, and hemp. (Study of employees).

Table 40.-Per cent of foreign-born employees in the United States each specified number of years, by sex and race.-Sewing machines-East. (Study of employees).

Table 41.-Per cent of foreign-born male employees in the United States each specified number of years, by race.-Sewing machines-Middle West. (Study of employees)...

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Table 42.-Per cent of foreign-born employees in the United States each specified number of years, by sex and race.-Industry as a whole. (Study of employees)..

63

Table 43.-Per cent of foreign-born male employees in the United States each specified number of years, by race.-Steam railways. (Study of employees)..

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