The only Federal agency which has transmitted to the Committee its estimate of the budgetary impact of the bill is the Congressional Budget Office (CBO). The CBO estimates that discretionary spending, in the form of requirements for administrative appropriations, may increase by $1 million in each of the five fiscal years 1994-1998. 103D CONGRESS 2d Session SENATE { REPORT 103-222 ANTARCTIC SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, Mr. HOLLINGS, from the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, submitted the following 103D CONGRESS 2d Session SENATE REPORT 103-222 ANTARCTIC SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, TOURISM, AND JANUARY 25, 1994.-Ordered to be printed Mr. HOLLINGS, from the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, submitted the following REPORT [To accompany S. 1427] The Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, to which was referred the bill (S. 1427) to provide the necessary authority to manage the activities in Antarctica of United States scientific research expeditions and United States tourists, and to regulate the taking of Antarctic marine living resources, and for other purposes, having considered the same, reports favorably thereon with an amendment in the nature of a substitute and recommends that the bill as amended do pass. PURPOSE OF THE BILL S. 1427, the Antarctic Scientific Research, Tourism, and Marine Resources Act of 1993, as reported, would provide for U.S. implementation of the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (the Protocol). Antarctica BACKGROUND AND NEEDS Often characterized as a pristine wilderness, Antarctica is a unique and critical part of the global environment. Located asymmetrically around the south geographical pole, the continent occupies an areas of 5.1 million square miles, about one-tenth of the Earth's land surface. Approximately 98 percent of the continent is covered by ice, averaging over 1 mile in thickness, and containing an estimated 90 percent of the world's fresh water. Antarctica and |