...Pattison and Barbara Ringer). SONY CORP. u UNIVERSAL CITY STUDIOS, INC. 489 417 BLACKMUN, J., dissenting Nor is it necessary that the defendant be aware that...sought; once a court has established that the copying at issue is infringement, the defendants are necessarily aware of that fact for the future. It is undisputed...

...a case where the infringer sustains the burden of proving, and the court finds, that such infringer was not aware and had no reason to believe that his...her acts constituted an infringement of copyright, the court . . . may reduce the award of statutory damages to a sum of not less than $200. This structure...

...The exception, which would allow reduction of minimum statutory damages to $100 where the infringer "was not aware and had no reason to believe that his...her acts constituted an infringement of copyright," is sufficient to protect against unwarranted liability in cases of occasional or isolated innocent...

...Minimum Statutory Damage* to $100 The provision for reducing minimum statutory damages to $100 where the infringer proves he was not aware and had no reason to believe that his acts constituted an infringement of copyright is a new provision imposing a highly subjective test...

...sentence of sec. T>04(c) (2) states : "In a case where the infrincer sustains the burden of proving that he was not aware and had no reason to believe that his acts constituted an Infringement of copyright, the court In its discretion may reduce the award of...

...does not know that he is infringing. In a case where the infringer sustains the burden of proving that he was not aware and had no reason to believe that his acts constituted infringement of copyright, the court in its discretion may reduce the award of statutory...

...than $20,000. In a case where the infringer sustains the burden of proving, and the court finds, that he was not aware and had no reason to believe that his acts constituted an infringement of copyright, the court in its discretion may reduce the award of...

...504 (c) (2) which provides: "* * * In a case where the infringer sustains the burden of proving that he was not aware and had no reason to believe that his acts constituted an infringement of copyright, the court In its discretion may reduce the award of...

...available.1' For example, the statute provides for a reduction of statutory damages if the infringer "was not aware and had no reason to believe that his...her acts constituted an infringement of copyright," IT U.5.C. § 504(cX2), and a remission of statutory damages, in limited dre'jntjtances, if the "infringer...

...unknowing violation and relocate in bill. Subsection (c)(2) provides in part that if the defendant proves he "was not aware and had no reason to believe" that his acts constituted a §605 (a) violation, the court may reduce any damage award for such unknowing violation...