Basic data on margins for 15 identical variety chains-Retail1
[All percentages are in terms of net sales unless otherwise indicated]

1 The 1939 sales of the 15 chains represents 53.1 percent of the 1939 sales of all variety chains in the United States.

? Per chain.

Net operating profit before income taxes.

4 Except on real estate.

Except on real estate or income.

Includes net profit from real estate operations, interest on net worth (except on real estate, leaseholds, and good will), and other revenue.

Basic data on margins for hardware stores-Retail total1
[All percentages are in terms of net sales unless otherwise indicatedl

The 1940 total sales of this sample represents 10.0 percent of the 1939 sales of all independent hardware stores in the United States.

Not strictly comparable as delivery wages are included.

Estimated by taking the ratio of first 10 months of 1944 to first 10 months of 1943 and applying the ratio to 1943.

Not comparable as this figure excludes delivery wages.
For 1936-39 and 1940 the size interval is $25,000 to $40,000.
For 1936-39 and 1940 the size interval is $60.000 to $100,000.

Basic data on margins for hardware stores-Retail total-Continued

1 Total: The 1940 total sales of this sample represents 10.0 percent of the 1939 sales of all independent hardware stores in the United States.

Not strictly comparable as delivery wages are included.
Not comparable as this figure includes delivery wages.
For 1936-39 and 1940 the size interval is $25,000 to $40,000.
For 1936-39 and 1940 the size interval is $60,000 to $100,000.
Total net profits before income taxes.

Basic data on margins for hardware stores-Retail total-Continued

The 1940 total sales of this sample represents 10.0 percent of the 1939 sales and all independent hardwarestores in the United States.

Not strictly comparable as delivery wages are included.

Estimated by taking the ratio of first 10 months of 1944 to first 10 months of 1943 and applying the ratio,

to 1943.

For 1936-39 and 1940 the size interval is $25,000 to $40,000.

For 1936-39 and 1940 the size interval is $60,000 to $100,000.

Not strictly comparable as delivery wages are excluded.

Includes all salaries other than owners or managers, hence not comparable.

Source: Hardware Retailer and Survey of Current Business (for sale volume).

1 Includes office salaries, store and warehouse salaries and salesmen's salaries and expenses.

? Net profit after interest, discounts and miscellaneous income, but before income and excess profits taxes. * Includes insurance.

Source: National Wholesale Hardware Association and Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce (for sales).

Mr. RAMSPECK. Our next witness is Mr. Franz Daniel, Washington representative of the Industrial Marine and Shipbuilding Workers. STATEMENT OF FRANZ DANIEL, WASHINGTON REPRESENTATIVE, INDUSTRIAL UNION OF MARINE AND SHIPBUILDING WORKERS OF AMERICA, CIO

Mr. DANIEL. I am appearing on behalf of Mr. John Green, the president of the Industrial Union of Marine and Shipbuilding Workers, who cannot be here, as he is a delegate to the Labor-Management Conference now in progress.

Mr. RAMSPECK. If he will just make a success of that, we will be glad to excuse him.

Mr. DANIEL. I want to submit for the record Mr. Green's brief. (The brief referred to is as follows:)

STATEMENT OF THE INDUSTRIAL UNION OF MARINE AND SHIPBUILDING WORKERS OF AMERICA, CIO, ON THE PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT

(Research department, Industrial Union of Marine and Shipbuilding Workers of America, CIO)

The Pepper revision (S. 1349) of the wage and hour law which would increase the minimum wage from 40 cents per hour to 65 cents per hour is essential to a prosperous America.