foreign-born males in South Omaha than in Kansas City or Chicago, and a smaller proportion of foreign-born females in Kansas City than in Chicago or South Omaha, are able to use the English language. Among the foreign-born in each locality the Germans have a larger proportion both of males and females able to speak English. With the exception of the German and Polish females in South Omaha, each of the three races of foreign-born employees also have a larger percentage of their number in Chicago, both of males and females, who can speak English. The following table shows the per cent of foreign-born male employees who speak English, according to locality and race of individual. TABLE 121.-Per cent of foreign-born male employees who speak English, by locality and by race. (STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.) [This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 40 or more males reporting in each of two or more localities. The total, however, is for all non-English-speaking races.] • Not computed, owing to small number involved. The above table shows that the proportion of foreign-born male employees who speak English is largest at South Omaha, second largest at Kansas City, and smallest at Chicago. The Croatians, South Italians, Servians, Slovaks, and Slovenians have a larger proportion of individuals who speak English at Kansas City than at either South Omaha or Chicago; the Greeks and Magyars have a larger proportion of individuals who speak English at Chicago than at either Kansas City or South Omaha, and all the other races for which data are presented have a larger proportion of individuals who speak English at South Omaha than at Kansas City or Chicago. The greater adaptability and consequently the greater advancement of younger as compared with older immigrants in acquiring the ability to speak English is set forth by the tabulation which follows. The table next presented shows, by age at time of coming to the United States and race of individual, the per cent of foreignborn persons in the households studied 6 years of age or over who were able to speak English. TABLE 122.--Per cent of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over who speak English, by age at time of coming to the United States and race of individual. (STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.) [This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 40 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all non-English-speaking races.] From computations based upon a total of 2,139 individuals reporting complete data, the above table shows 89.3 per cent of those who were under 14 years of age, as compared with 58.7 per cent of those who were 14 years of age or over, at time of coming to the United States speak English. As regards the different races, it will be seen that, with the exception of the Lithuanian, each race for which a computation is made shows that a certain proportion of those who were under 14 years of age at time of coming to the United States can not speak English-the South Italian, followed by the Slovak and Croatian, showing the largest and the German the smallest. Each race, except the Swedish, shows a certain proportion of those who were 14 years of age or over at time of coming to the United States who can not speak Englishthe Japanese, followed by the South Italian and Croatian, showing the largest and the German, preceded by the Lithuanian and North Italian, the smallest. While, with the exceptions noted above, each race shows a proportion of those of each specified age at time of coming to the United States who can not speak English, it will be seen that the proportion of those who were 14 years of age or over is larger in each instance than the proportion of those who were under 14 years of age. The progress made by members of non-English-speaking races in acquiring the ability to speak English after designated periods of residence may be seen in the next table presented. The table which immediately follows shows by years in the United States and race of individual, the per cent of foreign-born persons in the households studied 6 years of age or over on non-English-speaking races who were able to speak English. TABLE 123.-Per cent of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over who speak English, by years in the United States and race of individual. (STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.) [By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 40 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all nonEnglish-speaking races.] Of 2,139 foreign-born persons reporting complete data 31.4 per cent of those who have been in the United States under five years, 65.7 per cent of those with a residence of from five to nine years, and 87.3 per cent of those who have been in the United States ten years or over can speak English. Of those who have been in the United States under five years the Lithuanians show 50 per cent and North Italians 45.5 per cent who can speak English, which is a much higher proportion than is shown for any other race. The Japanese in this group show only 12 per cent who are able to speak English. As regards persons with a residence of from five to nine years, the Lithuanians, Poles, North Italians, Croatians, and Bohemians and Moravians show over 50 per cent who can speak English, while the Slovaks, South Italians, and Japanese show less than 50 per cent with such ability. In the group of persons having a residence of ten years or over, the Swedes show 100 per cent and the Lithuanians, Germans, and Poles over 90 per cent, while the North and South Italians and Bohemians and Moravians show comparatively small proportions who can speak English. The following table shows by sex, age at time of coming to the United States, and race the per cent of foreign-born employees of non-English-speaking races who were able to speak English: TABLE 124.-Per cent of foreign-born employees who speak English, by sex, age at time of coming to the United States, and race. (STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.) [This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 200 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all non-English-speaking races.] It appears from the preceding table that 96.1 per cent of the males and 88.5 per cent of the female employees who came to the United States when under 14 years of age can speak English, as compared with 50.7 per cent of the males and only 16.2 per cent of the females who came here when 14 or over. In the case of each of the races for which the percentages are given, a considerably larger proportion of employees, both male and female, who came to this country when under 14 years of age than of those who came here when 14 or over, are able to speak English. The following table shows by sex, years in the United States, and race the proportion of foreign-born employees of non-English-speaking races who were able to speak English. TABLE 125.-Per cent of foreign-born employees who speak English, by sex, years in the United States, and race. (STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.) [By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 200 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all nonEnglish-speaking races.] Race. Bohemian and Moravian. Croatian. German. Greek. Lithuanian Magyar. Polish. Roumanian. Russian. Servian. Slovak Slovenian. Swedish.. Total. MALE. Bohemian and Moravian.. Croatian. German Lithuanian Magyar.. Polish.. Roumanian. Russian. Servian. Slovak Slovenian. Swedish.. Total. 160 337 715 129 27.1 56.5 22.2 58.8 15.4 10.0 84.2 21.0 11.5 : 17.9 (a) (a) (a) 22.5 43.4 100.0 12.4 45.7 84.2 27.8 a Not computed, owing to small number involved. |