From information received for 37,574 employees 20 years of age or over in this industry, it will be seen that 36.8 per cent are single and 59.2 per cent married. The proportions shown by the foreign-born and the native-born of native father, whites and negroes, with the exception of a slightly larger proportion of whites and negroes widowed, in each conjugal condition, vary but little from the proportion shown in the total for all employees. On the other hand, the nativeborn of foreign father show a slightly larger proportion single and a somewhat smaller proportion married than is shown for all employees. It will be seen that of the foreign-born males the Germans, with 77.6 per cent, show the largest proportion married. The Servians, Greeks, Lithuanians, and Japanese each show less than 50 per cent married. With the exception of the Scotch, English, Irish, Canadians other than French, Swedes, Danes, and Germans, with proportions ranging from 9.6 to 5.2 per cent, no race shows more than 4.5 per cent widowed. Of the native-born of foreign father, those whose fathers were born in Sweden show the largest proportion single, 65.3 per cent, and the smallest proportion married, 33.7 per cent. Those whose fathers were born in England show the smallest proportion single and the largest proportion married, or 33.9 and 62 per cent, respectively. Less than 1 per cent of those whose fathers were born in Austria-Hungary, as compared with 5.9 per cent of those whose fathers were born in Canada, are widowed.

As regards the females, 57.8 per cent are single, 30.6 per cent married, and 11.6 per cent widowed. The foreign-born show slightly smaller proportions single and widowed and a somewhat larger proportion married; the native-born of foreign father show a much larger proportion single, a smaller proportion married, and a slightly smaller proportion widowed, than is shown in the total for all female employees. In striking contrast with the other races, very small proportions of Magyars, Roumanians, and Swedes are single. The Lithuanians, with 81.7 per cent single, show by far the largest proportion married.

The

A very large proportion of both the Irish and Swedes are widowed, the former reporting 43.6 per cent and the latter 33.3 per cent. next largest proportion widowed is shown by the Bohemians and Moravians, with 16.7 per cent, a proportion considerably in excess of that shown by any other race.

Of the native-born of foreign father, it will be noted that all of those whose fathers were born in Sweden, and 92.6 per cent of those whose fathers were born in Russia, are single. No race shows less than 63.6 per cent single, the proportion of those whose fathers were born in Canada or England. No females whose fathers were born in Canada or Russia are widowed, the largest proportion in this condition, or 13.4 per cent, being shown by those whose fathers were born in Ireland. The totals shown in the above table are simply a combination of the proportions of both males and females. It will be noted that the proportions shown in the totals for both males and females vary but slightly from the proportions shown for the males in each conjugal

condition.

The table next presented makes a further analysis of the data in the preceding table and shows the per cent of employees who were in each conjugal condition, according to sex, age groups, and general nativity and race.

48296°-VOL 13-11- -10

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

Out of a total of 37,574 male and female persons who are 20 years of age or over and who are employed in the slaughtering and meatpacking industry, approximately 60 per cent are married. Less than 5 per cent are widowed, and 36.8 per cent are single. When compared with the persons who are foreign-born, those who are nativeborn of foreign father show in each age group the smaller proportion of married persons and the larger proportion of widowed and single persons. Of the total number of persons who are from 20 to 29 years of the Magyars show the largest proportion married, while the Lithuanians show the smallest. Over 90 per cent each of the Slovaks and Magyars who are from 30 to 44 years of age are married. Among those who are 45 years of age or over the Russians show more married persons than does any other race. The smallest proportion of married persons in this group is shown by the Servians.

The proportion of married males is double the proportion of females who are in that conjugal condition. Out of a total of 35,796 males 60.7 per cent are married and 3.5 per cent are widowed, leaving 35.8 per cent who are single. The females, on the other hand, show a proportion of only 30.6 per cent married, while 11.6 per cent are widowed, leaving 57.8 per cent single. The native-born of foreign father show in each age group a smaller proportion of married males than do the foreign-born. Of the foreign-born males who are from 20 to 29 years of age, the Bohemians and Moravians show the largest proportion married, 46.7 per cent. The English, Greek, and Swedish are the only races in that group that show a proportion of more than 1 per cent who are widowed. Of the foreign-born males who are from 30 to 44 years of age, the Magyars show the largest proportion married, 93.2 per cent, while the Lithuanians, of whom only 61.2 per cent are married, show the smallest proportion. In the period of 45 years of age or over the Bohemians and Moravians, Magyars, Russians, and Slovenians each show a proportion of more than 90 per cent who are married. The Servians show the smallest proportion, 66.7 per cent. It is in this group that the greatest proportion of widowed males are found. Of the Servians 20 per cent, and of the English 15.4 per cent, are in that conjugal condition.

Considering the females, it is remarkable that while 36.7 per cent of those who are foreign-born are married only 11 per cent of the native-born of foreign father are in that conjugal condition. The proportion of widowed females is practically the same in each of these two general nativity groups. Of the foreign-born females who are from 20 to 29 years of age, the Roumanians show the largest proportion married. The proportion is 89.5 per cent. Almost as many of the Magyar females in that age group are married, while the Lithuanians show the smallest percentage. Among the foreign-born females whose ages are from 30 to 44 years, the Magyars and Croatians show large proportions of married persons. Only 26.7 per cent of the Irish in that group are married. Of those who are 45 years of age or over, the Germans show 68.4 per cent who are married and 26.3 per cent who are widowed. The Irish show the largest proportion of widowed females in this age group, or 81.8 per cent. The table next presented shows, by sex, age groups, and general nativity and race of individual, the proportion of persons in the households studied who were in each conjugal condition.