(i) Class TX: Nondramatic literary works. This class includes all published and unpublished nondramatic literary works. Examples: Fiction; nonfiction; poetry; textbooks; reference works; directories; catalogs; advertising copy; periodicals and serials; and compilations of information.

(ii) Class PA: Works of the performing arts. This class includes all published and unpublished works prepared for the purpose of being performed directly before an audience or indirectly by means of a device or process. Examples: Musical works, including any accompanying words; dramatic works, including any accompanying music; pantomimes and choreographic works; and motion pictures and other audiovisual works.

(iii) Class VA: Works of the visual arts. This class includes all published and unpublished pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works. Examples: Two dimensional and three dimensional works of the fine, graphic, and applied arts; photographs; prints and art reproductions; maps, globes, and charts; technical drawings, diagrams, and models; and pictorial or graphic labels and advertisements.

(iv) Class SR: Sound recordings. This class includes all published and unpublished sound recordings fixed on and after February 15, 1972. Claims to copyright in literary, dramatic, and musical works embodied in phonorecords may also be registered in this class under paragraph (b)(3) of this section if: (A) Registration is sought on the same application for both a recorded literary, dramatic, or musical work and a sound recording; (B) the recorded literary, dramatic, or musical work and the sound recording are embodied in the same phonorecord; and (C) the same claimant is seeking registration of both the recorded literary, dramatic, or musical work and the sound recording.

(2) Application forms. For the purpose of registration, The Register of Copyrights has prescribed four basic forms to be used for all applications submitted on and after January 1, 1978. Each form corresponds to a class set forth in paragraph (b)(1) of this section and is so designated ("Form TX"; "Form PA"; "Form VA"; and

"Form SR”). Copies of the forms are available free upon request to the Public Information Office, United States Copyright Office, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20559. Applications should be submitted in the class most appropriate to the nature of the authorship in which copyright is claimed. In the case of contributions to collective works, applications should be submitted in the class representing the copyrightable authorship in the contribution. In the case of derivative works, applications should be submitted in the class most appropriately representing the copyrightable authorship involved in recasting, transforming, adapting, or otherwise modifying the preexisting work. In cases where a work contains elements

of authorship in which copyright is claimed which fall into two or more classes, the application should be submitted in the class most appropriate to the type of authorship that predominates in the work as a whole. However, in any case where registration is sought for a work consisting of or including a sound recording in which copyright is claimed the application shall be submitted on Form SR.

(3) Registration as a single work. (i) For the purpose of registration on a single application and upon payment of a single registration fee, the following shall be considered a single work:

(A) In the case of published works: All copyrightable elements that are otherwise recognizable as self-contained works, that are included in a single unit of publication, and in which the copyright claimant is the same; and

(B) In the case of unpublished works: all copyrightable elements that

2A "sound recording" does not include the sounds accompanying a motion picture or other audiovisual work (17 U.S.C. 101). For this purpose, “accompanying" does not require physical integration in the same copy. Accordingly, registration may be made for a motion picture or audiovisual kit in Class PA and that registration will cover the sounds embodied in the "sound track" of the motion picture or on disks, tapes, or the like included in the kit. Separate application in Class SR is not appropriate for these elements.

are otherwise recognizable as self-contained works, and are combined in a single unpublished "collection." For these purposes, a combination of such elements shall be considered a "collection" if: (1) The elements are assembled in an orderly form; (2) the combined elements bear a single title identifying the collection as a whole; (3) the copyright claimant in all of the elements, and in the collection as a whole, is the same; and (4) all of the elements are by the same author, or, if they are by different authors, at least one of the authors has contributed copyrightable authorship to each element. Registration of an unpublished "collection" extends to each copyrightable element in the collection and to the authorship, if any, involved in selecting and assembling the collection.

(ii) In the case of applications for registration made under paragraphs (b)(3) through (b)(5) of this section, the "year in which creation of this work was completed", as called for by the application, means the latest year in which the creation of any copyrightable element was completed.

(4) Group registration of related works: Automated databases.

(i) Pursuant to the authority granted by section 408(c)(1) of Title 17 of the United States Code, the Register of Copyrights has determined that, on the basis of a single application, deposit, and filing fee, a single registration may be made for automated databases and their updates or other derivative versions that are original works of authorship, if, where a database (or updates or other revisions thereof), if unpublished, is (or are) fixed, or if published is (or are) published only in the form of machine-readable copies, all of the following conditions are met:

(A) All of the updates or other revisions are owned by the same copyright claimant;

(B) All of the updates or other revisions have the same general title;

(C) All of the updates or other revisions are similar in their general content, including their subject;

(D) All of the updates or other revisions are similar in their organization;

(E) Each of the updates or other revisions as a whole, if published before

March 1, 1989, bears a statutory copyright notice as first published and the name of the owner of copyright in each work (or an abbreviation by which the name can be recognized, or a generally known alternative designation of the owner) was the same in each notice;

(F) Each of the updates or other revisions if published was first published, or if unpublished was first created, within a three-month period in a single calendar year; and

(G) The deposit accompanying the application complies with

§ 202.20(c)(2)(vii)(D).

(ii) A single registration may be made on one application for both a database published on a single date, or if unpublished, created on a single date, and also for its copyrightable revisions, including updates covering a three-month period in a single calendar year. An application for group registration of automated databases under section 408(c)(1) of Title 17 and this subsection shall consist of:

(A) A Form TX, completed in accordance with the basic instructions on the form and the Special Instructions for Group Registration of an Automated Database and its Updates or Revisions;

(B) A filing fee of $10; and

(C) The deposit required by 202.20(c)(2)(vii)(D).

(5) Group registration of contributions to periodicals. (i) As provided by section 408(c)(2) of Title 17 of the United States Code, as amended by Pub. L. 94-553, a single registration, on the basis of a single application, deposit, and registration fee, may be made for a group of works if all of the following conditions are met:

(A) All of the works are by the same author;

(B) The author of each work is an individual, and not an employer or other person for whom the work was made for hire;

(C) Each of the works first published as a contribution to a periodical (including newspapers) within a twelve-month period;3

3 This does not require that each of the works must have been first published during Continued

(D) Each of the works as first published bore a separate copyright notice, and the name of the owner of copyright in each work (or an abbreviation by which the name can be recognized, or a generally known alternative designation of the owner) was the same in each notice; and

(E) The deposit accompanying the application consists of one copy of the entire issue of the periodical, or of the entire section in the case of a newspaper, in which each contribution was first published.

(ii) An application for group registration under section 408(c)(2) of Title 17 and this § 202.3(b)(5) shall consist of:

4

(A) A basic application for registration on Form TX, Form PA, or Form VA, which shall contain the information required by the form and its accompanying instructions;

(B) An adjunct form prescribed by the Copyright Office and designated "Adjunct Application for Copyright Registration for a Group of Contributions to Periodicals (Form GR/CP)", which shall contain the information required by the form and its accompanying instructions; and

(C) A fee of $10 and the deposit required by paragraph (b)(5)(i)(E) of this section.

(6) One registration per work. As a general rule only one copyright registration can be made for the same version of a particular work. However:

(i) Where a work has been registered as unpublished, another registration may be made for the first published edition of the work, even if it does not represent a new version;

(ii) Where someone other than the author is identified as copyright claimant in a registration, another registra

the same calendar year; it does require that, to be grouped in a single application, the earliest and latest contributions must not have been first published more than twelve months apart.

4 The basic application should be filed in the class appropriate to the nature of authorship in the majority of the contributions. However, if any of the contributions consists preponderantly of nondramatic literary material that is in the English language, the basic application for the entire group should be submitted on Form TX.

(2) An application for copyright registration shall be submitted on the appropriate form prescribed by the Register of Copyrights under paragraph (b) of this section, and shall be accompanied by a fee of $10 and the deposit required under 17 U.S.C. 408 and § 202.20 of these regulations. The application shall contain the information required by the form and its accompanying instructions, and shall include a certification. The certification shall consist of: (i) A designation of whether the applicant is the author of, or other copyright claimant or owner of exclusive rights in, the work, or the duly authorized agent of such author, other claimant, or owner (whose identity shall also be given); (ii) the handwritten signature of such author, other

5 An "author" includes an employer or other person for whom a work is "made for hire" under 17 U.S.C. 101. This paragraph does not permit an employee or other person working "for hire" under that section to make a later registration in his or her own name. In the case of authors of a joint work, this paragraph does permit a later registration by one author in his or her own name as copyright claimant, where an earlier registration identifies only another author as claimant.

"In the case of applications for group registration of contributions to periodicals under paragraph (b)(5) of this section, the deposit shall comply with paragraph (b) (5) (i) (E). Only one $10 fee is required in such

cases.

claimant, owner, or agent, accompanied by the typed or printed name of that person; (iii) a declaration that the statements made in the application are correct to the best of that person's knowledge; and (iv) the date of certification. An application for registration of a published work will not be accepted if the date of certification is earlier than the date of publication given in the application.

(Pub. L. 94-553; secs. 408, 409, 410, 702)

[43 FR 966, Jan. 5, 1978; as amended at 54 FR 13181, Mar. 31, 1989; 54 FR 21059, May 16, 1989]

§§ 202.4-202.9 [Reserved]

§ 202.10 Pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works.

(a) In order to be acceptable as a pictorial, graphic, or sculptural work, the work must embody some creative authorship in its delineation or form. The registrability of such a work is not affected by the intention of the author as to the use of the work or the number of copies reproduced. The potential availability of protection under the design patent law will not affect the registrability of a pictorial, graphic, or sculptural work, but a copyright claim in a patented design or in the drawings or photographs in a patent application will not be registered after the patent has been issued.

(b) A claim to copyright in a scientific or technical drawing, otherwise registrable as a pictorial, graphic, or sculptural work, will not be refused registration solely by reason of the fact that it is known to form a part of a pending patent application. Where the patent has been issued, however, the claim to copyright in the drawing will be denied copyright registration.

(c) A claim to copyright cannot be registered in a print or label consisting solely of trademark subject matter and lacking copyrightable matter. While the Copyright Office will not investigate whether the matter has been or can be registered at the Patent and Trademark Office, it will register a properly filed copyright claim in a print or label that contains the requisite qualifications for copyright even though there is a trademark on it. However, registration of a claim to

copyright does not give the claimant rights available by trademark registrations at the Patent and Trademark Office.

[46 FR 33249, June 29, 1981]

§§ 202.11-202.16 [Reserved]

§ 202.17 Renewals.

(a) General. This section prescribes rules pertaining to the application for renewal copyright under section 304(a) of title 17 of the United States Code, as amended by Pub. L. 94-553.

(b) Definition. For purposes of this section, the term "posthumous work" means a work that was unpublished on the date of the death of the author and with respect to which no copyright assignment or other contract for exploitation of the work occurred during the author's lifetime.

(c) Renewal time-limits. (1) For works originally copyrighted between January 1, 1950 and December 31, 1977, claims to renewal copyright must be registered within the last year of the original copyright term, which begins on December 31 of the 27th year of the copyright, and runs through December 31, of the 28th year of the copyright. The original copyright term for a published work is computed from the date of first publication; the term for a work originally registered in unpublished form is computed from the date of registration in the Copyright Office. Unless the required applicaton and fee are received in the Copyright Office during the prescribed period before the first term of copyright expires, the copyright in the unrenewed work terminates at the expiration of twenty-eight years from the end of the calendar year in which copyright was originally secured. The Copyright Office has no discretion to extend the renewal time limits.

(2) The provisions of paragraph (c)(1) of this section are subject to the following qualification: In any case where the year date in the notice on copies distributed by authority of the copyright owner is earlier than the year of first publication, claims to renewal copyright must be registered within the last year of the original copyright term, which begins on De

cember 31 of the 27th year from the year contained in the notice, and runs through December 31 of the 28th year from the year contained in the notice.

(3) Whenever a renewal applicant has cause to believe that a formal application for renewal (Form RE), and in the case of works under paragraph (d)(2) of this section, an accompanying affidavit and submission relating to the subsistence of first-term copyright, if sent to the Copyright Office by mail, might not be received in the Copyright Office before expiration of the time limits provided by 17 U.S.C., section 304(a), he or she may apply for renewal registration by telegraphic or similar unsigned written communication. An application made by this method only will be accepted if:

(i) The message is received in the Copyright Office within the specified

time limits;

(ii) The applicant adequately identifies the work involved, the date of first publication or original registration, the name and address of the renewal claimant, and the statutory basis of the renewal claim;

(iii) The fee for renewal registration, if not already on deposit, is received in the Copyright Office before the time for renewal registration has expired; and

(iv) A formal application for renewal (Form RE), and in the case of works under paragraph (d)(2) of this section, an accompanying affidavit and submission relating to subsistence of the first-term copyright are also received in the Copyright Office before February 1 of the following year.

(d) Original registration. (1) Except as provided by paragraph (d)(2) of this section, copyright in a work will not be registered for a renewal term unless an original registration for the work has been made in the Copyright Office.

(2) An original registration in the Copyright Office is not a condition precedent for renewal registration in the case of a work in which United States copyright subsists by virtue of section 9(c) of title 17 of the United States Code, in effect on December 31, 1977 (which implemented the Universal Copyright Convention) provided,

however, that the application for renewal registration is accompanied by:

(i) An affidavit identified as "Renewal Affidavit for a U.C.C. Work" and containing the following information: (A) The date of first publication of the work;

(B) The place of first publication of the work;

(C) The citizenship of the author on the date of first publication of the work;

(D) The domicile of the author on the date of first publicaton of the work;

(E) An averment that, at the time of first publication, all the copies of the work published under the authority of the author or other copyright proprietor bore the symbol © accompanied by the name of the copyright proprietor and the year of first publication, and that United States copyright subsists in the work;

the renewal claimant or the duly au(F) The handwritten signature of thorized agent of the renewal claimant. The signature shall (1) be accompanied by the printed or typewritten name of the person signing the affidavit and by the date of the signature; and (2) shall be immediately preceded by the following printed or typewrit ten statement in accordance with section 1746 of title 28 of the United States Code: I certify under penalty of perjury under the laws of the United States of America that the foregoing is true and correct.

(ii) A submission relating to the notice of copyright and copyrightable content which shall be, in descending order of preference, comprised of:

(A) One complete copy of the work as first published; or

(B)(1) A photocopy of the title page of the work as first published, and

(2) A photocopy of the page of the work as first published bearing the copyright notice, and

(3) A specification as to the location. relative to each other, of the title and notice pages of the work as first published, if the pages are different, and

(4) A brief description of the copyrightable content of the work, and (5) An explanation of the inability to submit one complete copy of the work as first published; or