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THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.

ARTICLE 1.

SEC. 8. The Congress shall have power

1 Stat. L., 13.

To lay taxes, and provide for

fence and wel

To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises, to pay the debts, and provide for the common defence and the common de general welfare of the United States; but all duties, im- fare. Duties to posts, and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States:

be uniform.

money.
To regulate

To borrow money on the credit of the United States: To borrow To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes:

To establish

commerce.

uniform laws on the subject Bankruptcies. of bankruptcies throughout the United States: To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of for- To coin moneign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures:

ey. To fix the

standard of

weights and measures.

counterfeiters.

To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the To punish securities and current coin of the United States:

for carrying

all powers

To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper To make laws for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all into execution other powers vested by this Constitution in the govern- vested in Govment of the United States, or in any department or United States. officer thereof.

SEC. 10. No State shall * * * ; coin money; emit bills of credit; make any thing but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts;

ACT OF JULY 31, 1789.

CHAP. V.-An act to regulate the collection of the duties imposed by law on the tonnage of ships or vessels, and on goods, wares and merchandises imported into the United States.

ernment of

1 Stat. L., 29.

eign coin and

SEC. 18. And be it further enacted, That all foreign Rates of forcoins and currencies shall be estimated according to the currency. following rates: Each pound sterling of Great Britain, at four dollars forty-four cents; each livre tournois of

France, at eighteen cents and a half; each f guilder of the United Netherlands, at thirty-nin each mark banco of Hamburgh, at thirty-three c one third; each rix dollar of Denmark, at one cents; each rix dollar of Sweden, at one hundre each ruble of Russia, at one hundred cents; e plate of Spain, at ten cents; each milree of Port one dollar and twenty-four cents; each pound of Ireland, at four dollars ten cents; each tale o at one dollar forty-eight cents; each pagoda o at one dollar ninety-four cents; each rupee of at fifty-five cents and a half; and all other de tions of money in value as near as may be to Invoices to be rates; and the invoices of all importations shall the place from out in the currency of the place or country from portation the importation shall be made, and not otherwis

in currency of

whence the im

comes.

Rates of coins

for receiving

*

SEC. 30. And be it further enacted, That t duties and fees. and fees to be collected by virtue of this act, received in gold and silver coin only, at the f rates, that is to say, the gold coins of France, Spain and Portugal, and all other gold coin fineness, at eighty-nine cents for every pennyweig Mexican dollar at one hundred cents; the crown at one dollar and eleven cents; the crown of E one dollar and eleven cents; and all silver coins fineness at one dollar and eleven cents per ounce

Approved, July 31, 1789.

[Further provisions fixing the rates and statu eign coins and currency are as follows: 1 Stat 173, 215, 262, 300, 539, 673, 680; 2 Stat. L., 121, 3 Stat. L., 322, 525, 645, 777, 779; 4 Stat. L., 699, 700; 5 Stat. L., 496, 607, 625, 740; 9 Stat. Stat. L., 163. Former acts making foreign coi rency or legal tender, repealed, 11 Stat. L., 163 L., 207; 17 Stat. L., 602 (secs. 3564–3565, R. S.)

ACT OF SEPTEMBER 2, 1789.

1 Stat. L., 65. CHAP. XII.-An act to establish the Treasury ment.

SECTION 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and

Representatives of the United States of Americ Department gress assembled. That there shall be a Depar

designated.

officers: Sec

Treasury, in which shall be the following officers, namely: A Secretary of the Treasury, to be deemed head of the department; a Comptroller, an Auditor, a Treasurer, a troller, Auditor, Register, and an Assistant to the Secretary of the Treas- ister, Assistant ury, which assistant shall be appointed by the said Secretary.

retary, CompTreasurer, Reg

to Secretary.

Secretary.

SECT. 2. And be it further enacted, That it shall be Duties of the the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury to digest and prepare plans for the improvement and management of the revenue, and for the support of public credit; to prepare and report estimates of the public revenue, and the public expenditures; to superintend the collection of the revenue; to decide on the forms of keeping and stating accounts and making returns, and to grant under the limitations herein established, or to be hereafter provided, all warrants for monies to be issued from the Treasury, in pursuance of appropriations by law; to execute such services relative to the sale of the lands belonging to the United States, as may be by law required of him; to make report, and give information to either branch of the legislature, in person or in writing (as he may be required), respecting all matters referred to him by the Senate or House of Representatives, or which shall appertain to his office; and generally to perform all such services relative to the finances, as he shall be directed to perform.

Treasurer.

SEC. 3. (Prescribes the duties of the Comptroller.) SEC. 4. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the Duties of the duty of the Treasurer to receive and keep the monies of the United States, and to disburse the same upon warrants drawn by the Secretary of the Treasury, counter-igned by the Comptroller, recorded by the Register, and not otherwise; he shall take receipts for all monies paid by him, and all receipts for monies received by him shall be endorsed upon warrants signed by the Secretary of the Treasury, without which warrant, so signed, no acknowledgment for money received into the public Treasury -hall be valid. And the said Treasurer shall render his accounts to the Comptroller quarterly (or oftener if required), and shall transmit a copy thereof, when settled, to the Secretary of the Treasury. He shall moreover, on the third day of every session of Congress, lay before the Senate and House of Representatives, fair and accurate copies of all accounts by him from time (to time) rendered to, and settled with the Comptroller as afore

said, as also, a true and perfect account of the state of the Treasury. He shall, at all times, submit to the Secretary of the Treasury, and the Comptroller, or either of them, the inspection of the monies in his hands; and shall, prior to the entering upon the duties of his office, give bond, with sufficient sureties, to be approved by the Secretary of the Treasury and Comptroller, in the sum of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, payable to the United Act of Mar. 3, States, with condition for the faithful performance of the duties of his office, and for the fidelity of the persons to be by him employed, which bond shall be lodged in the office of the Comptroller of the Treasury of the United States.

1809, ch. 28, sec. 1.

Duties of the Register.

(For additional duties imposed on the Treasurer see 1 Stat. L., 280.)

SEC. 5. (Prescribes the duties of the Auditor.)

SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the Register to keep all accounts of the receipts and expenditures of the public money, and of all debts due to or from the United States; to receive from the Comptroller the accounts which shall have been finally adjusted, and to preserve such accounts with their vouchers and certificates; to record all warrants for the receipt or payment of monies at the Treasury, certify the same thereon, and to transmit to the Secretary of the Treasury, copies of the certificates of balances of accounts adjusted as is herein directed.

(Section 7 provides that the Assistant Secretary shall have charge of the records, etc., in case of vacancy in the office of the Secretary.)

(Section 8 forbids any person appointed to any office instituted by this act to be concerned in trade, commerce, navigation, or the purchase of public property or public securities, or to take any emolument for transacting business in the department, other than is allowed by law.) Approved, September 2, 1789 (1 Stat. L., 65).

ACT OF MARCH 26, 1790.

1 Stat. L., 105. CHAP. IV.—An act making appropriations for the support of government for the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety.

Payments, not

before provided

*

SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That out of the afore

for by law, are said appropriation of one hundred and forty-seven thou

authorized, for

certain pur

poses.

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