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EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT

COUNCIL ON WAGE AND PRICE STABILITY

726 JACKSON PLACE, N.W.

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506

August 1, 1977

Honorable William Proxmire, Chairman
Committee on Banking, Housing

and Urban Affairs United States Senate Washington, D. C. 20510

Dear Senator Proxmire:

During the recent hearings on S. 1542, you asked that we submit answers to you to some questions which you asked.

One question which you asked regarded the number of subpoenas and periodic report orders which the Council has issued. We have never issued a subpoena but have issued one periodic report order. That order was issued to the Aluminum Company of America on July 15, 1977. Alcoa was perfectly willing to provide us with the data which we wanted but insisted, on advice of their counsel, on receiving a formal order.

Although this is the first time where we have actually issued an order, we have generally found companies to be quite cooperative about providing data to us but concerned about its confidentiality. Many companies have asked in the past that a subpoena or periodic report order be issued to them; however, after negotiations we were able to persuade them to comply voluntarily.

You had asked for a list of instances in which we were able to have a positive effect on inflation. We have enclosed such a list.

You further asked for a breakdown of Council filings before government agencies by agency. That list is also enclosed.

If there is any further material which we can supply, we would be pleased to do so.

Sincerely,

Barry Bosun'

Barry P. Bosworth

Enclosures

EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT

COUNCIL ON WAGE AND PRICE STABILITY

726 JACKSON PLACE, N.W.

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506

July 20, 1977

The following is a breakdown by agency of the filings produced by the Council on Wage and Price Stability from the years 1974 through 1977 (July).

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National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA)
Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

Department of Health, Education & Welfare (HEW)
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)

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Barbara & Lacazerit :=

Barbara J. Saragovitz

Public Information Assistant

Office of Public Affairs

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General: The prime objective of the Office of Wage and Price Monitoring has been identifying and analyzing inflationary influences in the private sector, resulting from long-term, structural factors that affect price and wage movements as well as specific price increases.

This Office has published studies analyzing:

1) specific price increases, 2) industry pricing policies, 3) potential commodity shortages, 4) structural features and changes in the general economic environment (i.e. industrial concentration), 5) specific wage settlements, and 6) ways to improve price and wage data

sources.

Specific Price Increases: Where this Office has found a specific wage or price increase to be inflationary, it has requested a delay or reduction in the increase. Two examples of such action occurred with the steel and auto industry.

In December 1974, this Office investigated the price increases for steel which were announced by several companies and persuaded three companies to roll back their increases by approximately 20 percent.

In December 1975, Ford announced a new price increase for its 1976 model cars. In order to evaluate Ford's price increase, this Office staff requested the four domestic automobile producers to submit information on any changes that had occurred in their estimated 1976 model year costs since their earlier submissions. This information showed that Ford's latest price increase was still not enough to offset the full 1975-76 increases in costs, but it was considerably greater than the average industry increase in projected costs that had been reported to the Council.

This Office released a report, detailing this cost and price information. On January 15, 1976, Ford
announced it was rescinding the price increase on base cars but that the increases in the prices of optional
equipment would remain in effect.

Industry Pricing Policies: Examined the capacity, profit, price, demand, and supply conditions

of the following industries: steel, antifreeze, automobile manufacturers, metal can, paper, automobile parts
manufacturers, chlorine and caustic soda, wholesale and retail food, aluminum, sugar, health care, tires,
cereals and bakery products, etc.

Potential Commodity Shortages: Published studies of investment behavior and its implications

for product prices in the paper and cement industries. These industries were studied because they were
widely believed to be subjected to capital shortage problems in the 1977-78 period which would result in
bottlenecks and sharply rising prices.

As a supplement to these studies, this Office also published a study on the rising cost of constructing new
industrial facilities. This study was limited to analyzing changes in construction and capital equipment
costs.

General Pricing Studies: Completing a new report which extends and refines its earlier study

on the behavior of prices during the 1974-75 recession and the effect of industrial concentration on the
cyclical responsiveness of prices. This Office has also commissioned the National Bureau of Economic
Research, with Dr. Joel Popkin as principal investigator, to develop a quarterly model of price behavior by
stage-of-process for the industrial sector of the economy.

Price Data Sources: Published a study by Professor Richard Ruggles which examined such issues as
the redundancy and the gaps in the Wholesale Price Index (WPI) and the extent to which WPI prices reflect
actual transaction prices.

Wage Studies: This Office has been monitoring and analyzing collective bargaining agreements in specific
industries and has been conducting general studies of wage behavior. In its study of specific wage settlements
(construction, railroads, etc.), this Office has examined the impact of structural differences in compensation
methods and wage levels on the industry involved, on related industries, and the national economy.

Also published a study by Professor Orley Ashenfelter which examined the relative wage differ-
entials between union and nonunion workers.

Wage Data Sources: This Office has published a report documenting data deficiencies in the area of compensation of state and local employees.

Council on Wage and Price Stability
Government Operations and Research

Favorable CWPS Impact

Motor Carrier Operating Authorities (ICC; June 9, 1977)

The Council staff prepared an analysis of the value of operating certificates granted by the Interstate Commerce Commission to trucking firms. The CWPS report concludes that the large sumns paid for operating authorities suggests that freight rates are excessive. This report, along with other information made available to the ICC encouraged the establishment of an ICC Task Force on motor carrier entry. The Task Force report, publised July 6, makes recommendations in line, but less far-reaching, than those suggested by CWPS.

Bus Fare Increases (ICC; May 3, 1977)

The Council protested a 13 percent increase in bus fares requested
by the National Bus Traffic Association. The Council requested
an investigation of the bus industry so that the spiral of declin-
ing ridership and rising fares could be stopped. Although the
Interstate Commerce Commission granted an 11 percent increase, it
has reported that it is presently developing an overall study plan
to examine the issues.

Grain Elevators Emissions (EPA; April 4, 1977)

The Council filed comments before the Environmental Protection Agency
regarding proposed air emission and opacity standards for grain
elevators and rules affecting grain handling facilities including
rail cars, truck, barges and ships. The Council estimated that the
additional costs associated with handling rail cars carrying grain
to export markets alone would add $67 million in annual costs to .
EPA's estimate. The Council urged EPA to reevaluate its assessment
of costs and postpone action on the proposal until a more careful
analysis was completed. The Council also urged that alternative
procedures be considered for achieving the goals of the regulation.
On June 24, EPA withdrew the proposed regulation. It is thought
that the Council's comments influenced that decision to some extent.

Air Emissions Trade-off Policy (EPA; March 7, 1977)

The Council commented on the Environmental Protection Agency's
Interpretative Ruling which would allow industrial expansion in
regions where national ambient air quality standards have not been
attained. EPA proposed a greater than one-for-one offset of
emissions where an exchange between an existing and new source takes
place. The Council endorsed the ruling and suggested ways to
strengthen the market process by asking that firms be allowed to
"back" emission rights, that proponents of improved air quality be
allowed to purchase emission reductions, and that the greater than
one-for-one offset policy be considered. The EPA ruling is now in
effect, although they have asked for a six month to one year test
period to see if the policy is workable.

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