of married males. Of the foreign-born races the Russian Hebrews show the largest proportion of married males and the South Italians show the smallest proportion. None of the foreign-born Russian Hebrews are widowed and less than 5 per cent of the foreign-born males of any other race, in this age group, are in that conjugal condition. Of the males who are from 30 to 44 years of age, the Russian Hebrews show a larger proportion married than any other race. The proportion is 90 per cent and none of that race are widowed. Of the foreign-born races, the French Canadians show the smallest proportion of married males in this age group. Of the males who are 45 years of age or over, no race shows less than 80 per cent who are married. The South Italians show the largest proportion and those native-born whose fathers were born in Ireland the smallest. Of the 1,282 females included in the above table, slightly more than 50 per cent are single, 12.9 per cent are widowed, and only 36.7 per cent are married. The proportion of married females is greater in the age group of 30 to 44 years than in any other. In each age group the foreign-born show a proportion that is decidedly larger than the proportion shown by the native-born of foreign father. Of the foreignborn females who are between the ages of 20 and 29 years, the French Canadians and South Italians, each of whom show 30 per cent as married, show the largest proportions. None in these two races are widowed. Just 58.8 per cent of the Canadian, other than French, females who are between the ages of 30 and 44 are married, as compared with 45 per cent of the French Canadians. The total tabulations show, in general, the same tendencies that are manifested by the foregoing. Of the total number of males and females combined, 54.2 per cent are married and 7.2 per cent are widowed. The proportion of married persons is greater among those who are 45 years of age or over than in any other age group, those who are between the ages of 20 and 29 years of age showing the smallest proportion.

In the table next presented the percentage of persons in the households studied in each conjugal condition is shown by sex, age groups, and by general nativity and race of individual.

TABLE 170.-Per cent of persons in each conjugal condition, by sex and age groups, and by general nativity and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 80 or more persons reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

TABLE 170.-Per cent of persons in each conjugal condition, by sex and age groups, and by general nativity and race of individual-Continued.

Of the 1,327 persons 20 years of age or over included in the preceding table, 70.1 per cent are married, 24.4 per cent single, and 5.5 per cent widowed. The foreign-born show a larger proportion than the native-born of native father, who in turn shows a larger proportion than the native-born of foreign father who are married. The position in the nativity groups is reversed as regards those who are single, and less than 10 per cent of any given group are widowed. A comparison between the age groups shows that a larger proportion of those who are from 30 to 44 years of age than either of those who are from 20 to 29 years of age or 45 years of age or over are married. The proportion who are single decreases and the proportion who are widowed increases with age. A comparison between the total number of males and females 20 years of age or over shows that a larger proportion of of the latter are married. The foreign-born is the only nativity group showing this same condition-a larger proportion of males than of females in the groups native-born of native father and native-born of foreign father being married. Among the foreign-born females of those of each race who are from 20 to 29 years of age the proportion who are married is larger than the proportion who are single and none are widowed.

While a large proportion of the foreign-born male employees are married, it is significant in connection with their conjugal condition that a considerable number left their wives abroad upon immigrating to this country. This condition of affairs is disclosed by the following table, which shows, by race of husband, the percentage of foreign

born husbands who report wife in the United States and the percentage who report wife abroad:

TABLE 171.-Per cent of foreign-born husbands who report wife in the United States and per cent who report wife abroad, by race of husband.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

【This table includes only races with 40 or more husbands reporting. The total, however, is for all foreignborn.]

In this locality the proportion of foreign-born husbands, for whom information was secured, reporting wives in the United States, is 87.7 per cent. All of the Canadian other than French and Irish husbands and a considerably larger proportion of the French Canadian, English, and Russian Hebrew husbands than of the North Italian and South Italian husbands, report wives in the United States.

The tendency on the part of husbands of foreign birth who came to this country without their wives to send for them after specified periods of residence may be seen from the table next presented. This table shows the percentage of foreign-born husbands who report wife abroad, by race of husband and by years husband has been in the United States:

TABLE 172.-Per cent of foreign-born husbands who report wife abroad, by race of husband and by years husband has been in the United States.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. This table includes only races with 100 or more husbands reporting.]

In this locality the proportion of South Italian husbands reporting wives abroad is considerably larger in the case of husbands who have been in the United States under five years than in the case of hus

bands who have been in the United States from five to nine years, and larger in the case of the latter than in the case of husbands who have been here ten years or over. Upon the other hand a slightly larger proportion of Russian Hebrew husbands who have been in the United States from five to nine years than of those who have been here under five years report wives abroad. None of the Russian Hebrew husbands who have been here ten years or over and none of the French Canadian husbands who have been here from five to nine years report wives abroad. It will be noted that the proportion of husbands reporting wives abroad, irrespective of length of residence in the United States, is 34.2 per cent for South Italian husbands as against 8.3 per cent for Russian Hebrew husbands and only 0.8 per cent for French Canadian husbands.

VISITS ABROAD.

The extent to which employees of foreign birth return to their native countries for long or short periods is indicated by the following table. This table shows, by sex, years in the United States, and race, the visits abroad made by foreign-born employees:

TABLE 173.-Visits abroad made by foreign-born employees, by sex, years in the United States, and race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. This table includes only races with 200 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]