Of 385 households studied, 0.5 per cent pay under $1 rent per month per room, 5.5 per cent pay under $2 rent per month per room, 43.1 per cent pay under $3, and 80.8 per cent pay under $4 rent per month per room. The average rent per month per room for all households studied is $2.97. Households the heads of which are native-born of foreign father show the highest percentage paying under $1 rent per month per room; households the heads of which are foreign-born show very small proportions paying under this amount; and households the heads of which are native whites born of native father show no households paying under $1 rent per month per room. Households the heads of which are of foreign birth show the highest percentage paying under $2, under $3, and under $4 rent per month per room. Households the heads of which are native-born of foreign father follow with a somewhat smaller percentage paying under each amount, while households the heads of which are native whites born of native father show a considerably smaller proportion paying under $3 and under $4 rent per room per month and none paying under $2. Households the heads of which are native whites born of native father pay an average rent per room per month of $3.39, while households the heads of which are native-born of foreign father pay $3.04, and households the heads of which are foreign-born pay $2.88. Households the heads of which are French Canadians show a small proportion paying under $1 rent per room per month. No foreign-born households the heads of which are of other specified races pay under the above amount. No households the heads of which are Armenians, Hebrews, and South Italians pay under $2 rent per room per month, while households the heads of which are French Canadians show the highest percentage. Households the heads of which are English and Armenians show the highest percentage paying under $3, and households the heads of which are Hebrews the smallest per cent paying under this amount. Households the heads of which are Armenians show 96.9 per cent paying under $4, and households the heads of which are Greek only 70.8 per cent paying under this amount of rent per month per room.

The per capita rent payment is set forth in the table following, which shows, by general nativity and race of head of household, the percentage of households paying each specified rent per month per person.

Table 155.—Per cent of households paying each specified rent per month per person, by general nativity and race of head of household.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 20 or more households reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

Of 385 households concerning which information was secured, 0.8 per cent pay under $1 rent per month per person, 21.6 per cent pay under $2, 49.6 per cent pay under $3, and 68.8 per cent pay under $4 rent per month per person. The average rent per month per person is $2.89. Households the heads of which are native-born of native father pay $4.51; households the heads of which are nativeborn of foreign father pay $3.13; and households the heads of which are foreign-born pay $2.62. Households the heads of which are foreign-born show the highest percentage paying under each specified rent per month per person except that of under $1; here, households the heads of which are native-born of foreign father show the highest percentage as contrasted with a very small proportion of households the heads of which are foreign-born, and no households the heads of which are native-born of native father paying under the abovementioned amount. For all other specified amounts the households the heads of which are native-born of foreign father show a lower percentage than households the heads of which are foreignborn, and a higher percentage than households the heads of which are native-born whites of native father. Households the heads of which are English pay an average rental per month per person of $4.35; households the heads of which are Hebrews show the next highest average monthly rental per person, which is $2.91; while households the heads of which are Lithuanians and Poles pay $1.69 and $1.23, respectively. Among the foreign-born race group, Armenian and French Canadian households show the highest percentage paying under $1, no households the heads of which are of other specified races paying under this amount. Households the heads of which are Lithuanians show the highest percentage paying under $2 rent per person per month, while no households whose heads are English pay under this amount. Households whose heads

are Lithuanians show 100 per cent and households the heads of which are English only 13 per cent paying under $3 rent per month per person; households the heads of which are Poles report 96 per cent paying under $4; and households the heads of which are English only 39.1 per cent paying under this amount rent per month per person. Households the heads of which are native-born of Irish parentage show a higher percentage paying under $1 rent per month per person than is exhibited by households the heads of which are foreign-born.

BOARDERS AND LODGERS.

The practice of housewives in keeping boarders or lodgers in order to supplement the earnings of their husbands has already been dealt with. In the present connection the extent of the practice and its bearing upon living conditions are considered. The table which immediately follows shows, according to general nativity and race of head of household, the number and percentage of households keeping boarders or lodgers.

TABLE 156.-Number and per cent of households keeping boarders or lodgers, by general nativity and race of head of household.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[Information relating to boarders or lodgers covers only immediate time of taking schedule and not the entire year. Boarders are persons who receive both board and lodging.]

The preceding table shows 33.3 per cent of the total number of households studied keeping boarders or lodgers. Households the heads of which are of foreign birth show a considerably higher percentage keeping boarders or lodgers than either the households the heads of which are native-born of foreign father or households the heads of which are native-born of native father, which follow in the order named. Among households the heads of which are foreign-born those whose heads are Lithuanians show 93.8 per cent and households

the heads of which are Poles 86.2 per cent keeping boarders or lodgers, a proportion far in excess of the proportion shown by households the heads of which are of other specified races. Households the heads of which are Armenians or English show only 14.3 per cent and 13.8 per cent, respectively, keeping boarders or lodgers.

The table next presented shows, by general nativity and race of head of household, the average number of boarders or lodgers per household.

TABLE 157.-Average number of boarders or lodgers per household, by general nativity and race of head of household.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[Information relating to boarders or lodgers covers only immediate time of taking schedule and not the entire year. Boarders are persons who receive both board and lodging.]

Of 463 households studied, 154 keep boarders or lodgers, the total number of boarders or lodgers being 332. As based on the total number of households, there are 72 boarders or lodgers to every 100 households. As based on the number of households keeping boarders or lodgers, there are 216 boarders or lodgers to every 100 households. Households the heads of which are foreign-born show 87 boarders or lodgers, households the heads of which are native-born of foreign father 33, and households the heads of which are native whites born of native father 23 boarders or lodgers per 100 households, as based on the total number of households studied. Households the heads of which are foreign-born show 232, households the heads of which are native whites born of native father show 133, and households the heads of which are native-born of foreign father show 125 boarders or lodgers

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per 100 households, as based on the number of households keeping boarders or lodgers. Households the heads of which are Lithuanians or Poles show 294 and 241 boarders, respectively, or lodgers per 100 households, as based on the total number of households. Households the heads of which are Syrians show the next highest average number of boarders or lodgers per household, or 83 boarders or lodgers per 100 households, while households whose heads are English show only 17 boarders or lodgers per 100 households. Where the average number is based on the number of households keeping boarders or lodgers, households whose heads are Lithuanians or Poles show 313 and 280 boarders or lodgers, respectively, per 100 households. Households the heads of which are French Canadians show 200, households the heads of which are South Italians 185, and households the heads of which are Hebrews 157 boarders or lodgers per 100 households.

SIZE OF APARTMENTS OCCUPIED.

The range in the size of apartments occupied by the households studied is set forth in the table next presented, which shows by general nativity and race of head the percentage of households occupying apartments of each specified number of rooms:

TABLE 158.-Per cent of households occupying apartments of each specified number of rooms, by general nativity and race of head of household.

From a total number of 463 households studied it was found that the average number of rooms per apartment was 4.97. Households whose heads are native-born whites of native father have an average of 5.23 rooms, as contrasted with 5.30 rooms in apartments reported for households whose heads are native-born of foreign father and 4.88 rooms per apartment in households the heads of which are foreignborn. Households whose heads are Irish show 6.54 rooms per