VII. INVENTIONS AND CLAIMS FOR THE YEAR 1851. No. 7865.—Improvement in Daguerreotype Pictures. What I claim as new, and of my own invention, and desire to secure by letters patent of the United States, is the application of transparent or translucent materials, of varying thicknesses and forms, separately, or in combination with each other, and the application of substances or materials, more or less opaque, either separately or in combination with transparent or translucent materials; both, or either, when such applications and combinations are separately, consecutively, or conjointly employed, for the purpose of manipulating the action of light or chemical substances, substantially in the manner, and with similar effects, to those described and shown. CHARLES J. ANTHONY. No. 7866.-Improvements in Car-couplings. Having thus described my invention and improvement, and shown the operation of the same, I wish it to be distinctly understood that I do not claim "the method of coupling railroad cars, &c., by means of double coupling irons or jaws in combination with a sliding bar" for disengaging or unlocking said double irons or jaws to relieve the connecting bolt from the draught beam of the leading car, by the deflection of said leading car from the proper line. But what I do claim as my improvement, and desire to secure by letters patent, is in combination with the curved arms or ends, X', X', of the jaws, X, X, the turning slotted bar, L, attached to the casting, T, (fig. 2,) having its ends, L', L', curved in such a manner as to act as levers, and the spring, B, for keeping the slotted bar, L, and jaws, X, in their proper position; the disconnexion of the cars being effected by the contact of the curved arms, or ends, L', of the turning bar, L, with the draught beam, P, when the preceding car runs off the track; when either of the curved arms, X', of the jaws will be relieved from the slot of the turning-bar, L, and permit its curved end, X', to move outward, and open its outer end, and permit the connecting bolt to pass therefrom. SILAS M. COCHRAN. No. 7867.-Improved Nozzle for Lead Pipe Machines. What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by letters patent, is the corrugated nozzle, with its mandrel, through which melted lead is pumped, for the purpose of making pipe, as herein set forth. JOHN B. COLLAN. No. 7568.-Improvement in Planing-Machines for dressing the edges of Boards. What I claim, therefore, as my invention, and desire to secure by letters patent, is the method, substantially as described, of communicating motion from the bottom to the top roller by the two pinions combined with the wheel, having the inner and outer rim of cogs, by means of the joint links, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified. I also claim operating the machinery for carrying the cutter wheel towards or from the line of motion of the plank by the passage of the plank over and in contact with a spur wheel or wheels, substantially as described; whereby the motion of the cutter wheel for edging tapering planks will be made to correspond with the motion of the plank itself, as described. I also claim interposing between the wheels, or wheels actuated by the plank and the carriage of the cutter wheel, a reversing motion, substantially as described, by means of which the machine can be made to act on the plank from the narrow towards the wide end, or vice versa, or, by suspending its operation, edge the plank with parallel sides, as described. WILLIAM E. CORNELL. No. 7S69.-Improvement in Water Metres. What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by letters patent, is connecting the two pistons with the two cranks of a crank-shaft, in manner substantially as described; so that at the end of each stroke of either of the pistons it shall remain at rest, while the crank-shaft is being impelled by the other piston; so that the valves shall be shifted, whilst the piston is at rest, for the purpose, substantially as described. I also claim, in an instrument for the purpose, herein specified, determining the range of motion of the pistons by means of stops connected with the cylinders and the pistons, substantially as described, in combination with the connexion of the pistons with the crank or cranks by means of a joint, having sufficient play to permit the pistons alternately to remain at rest, while the crank-shaft continues to rotate, substantially as described. I also claim enclosing all the moving parts of an instrument, substantially such as above described in the surrounding casing, through which the water or other fluid passes to be measured, constructed and operating in the manner, and for the purpose, substantially as described. J. ERICSSON. No. 7870.-Improvement in Churns. Having thus fully described the construction and operation of my im.. proved double dasher churn, what I claim therein as new, and desire to secure by letters patent, is connecting two vertical chains by a horizontal tube at their bottonis, substantially as described, (said tube being about ten inches long, and about one fifth of the capacity of one of the vertical cylinders,) in combination with the perforated cutters, E, E, operating in the manner and for the purpose herein fully set forth. DANIEL FISHER. No. 7871.—Method of connecting the Slide Valve with the Rock Shaft. Having thus fully described the nature and construction of my improvements in oscillating steam engines, what I claim therein as new, and desire to secure by letters patent, is the tubular nut, (13.) serving the two-fold purpose of a guiding rod and of a clamp for the ball joint at the foot of the valve-pitman. SAMUEL H. GILMAN. No. 7872.-Improvement in Machines for assorting Broom Corn. What I claim as my invention is the combination of the endless. platform, the rolier, G, and the series of pressure rollers, or any mechanical equivalents therefor, as arranged and made to operate together,. substantially in the manner and for the purpose as herein before described. And, in combination therewith, I claim the rotary shears and the weighted roller, m', or their mechanical equivalents, the whole being: applied and made to operate together, essentially as hereinbefore specified. LORENZO D. GROSVENOR. No. 7873.-Improvement in Quilting Frames and Apparatus. What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by letters patent,. is the movable frame, working on the connecting piece O, containing two slides, with wickers, for the purpose of stretching the quilt to any desirable length or breadth, as the case may be, in combination with the slides Nos. 1 and 2, working in sections, C, C, by which the quilt. may be enlarged or diminished on the rollers Nos. 1 and 2 as set forth. ABRAHAM KAUFMAN. No. 7874.-Improvement in Spring Carriage Wheels. What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by letters patent, is the construction of the spokes, B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B, of flat steel, split, or divided and curved, as at a, a, and secured, as at b, b, Fig. 1, for the purpose and in the manner herein shown. JOHN LAMB, No. 7875.-Improvement in Candlesticks. Having thus described the nature and operation of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by letters patent, is the com |