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TABLE 117.—Present political condition of foreign-born male employees who were 21 years of age or over at time of coming to the United States, by years in the United States and race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. This table includes only races with 100 or more males reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

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These tables are based upon complete data for the political condition of 18,363 foreign-born males employed in the bituminous coal-mining industry. Each individual mine worker has been in the United States five years, the requisite number of years' residence before final naturalization papers can be issued. Of the total number furnishing information, 26.8 per cent are fully naturalized, and 14.9 per cent have first papers only, the remaining 58.3 per cent being aliens. Of the 8,537 males here ten years or more, 51.1 per cent are citizens, 13.8 per cent have first papers only, and 35.1 per cent are aliens. Of the 9,826 males who have been in this country from five to nine years, 5.8 per cent have full naturalization papers, 15.7 per cent have first papers only, and 78.5 per cent have taken no steps to acquire citizenship.

In the group which has a period of residence of five years or more, it is seen that the Welsh lead with 80.7 per cent of their number fully naturalized; the Irish follow with 80.5 per cent, and the English and Germans have 67.3 and 68.1 per cent, respectively. Upon comparing the totals for the races of southern and eastern Europe, the Bohemians and Moravians are found to have the highest per cent fully naturalized. The North Italians come next with 26.6 per cent, as compared with 40.5 per cent for the Bohemians and Moravians. The Magyars, the Poles, the Russians, and the Slovaks show similar tendencies, while the Lithuanians, with 34.2 per cent fully naturalized, have relatively twice as many citizens as these races. group showing all races who have been here from five to nine years, the Swedes have 20.8 per cent who have acquired full citizenship, and 50 per cent with first papers only. The Lithuanians, with 367 reporting, have 16.9 per cent with complete papers, as compar

Present political condition of foreign-born male employees who have been in the United States 5 to 9 years and who were 21 years of age or over at the time of coming, by race.

[This chart shows only races with 100 or more employees reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

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Present political condition of foreign-born male employees who have been in the United States 10 years or over and who were 21 years of age or over at the time of coming, by race.

[This chart shows only races with 100 or more employees reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

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M=FIRST PAPERS ONLY

with 14.4 per cent of the Germans and 8.6 per cent of the English. The North Italians report 11.8 per cent of their number as citizens, while the Poles have only 1.6 per cent, and the Slovaks 2.1 per cent. The figures for first naturalization papers are fully as significant for the last-mentioned group as are the figures for second papers. The races having a high percentage taking out first papers during the early period of their residence in this country show almost the same relatively high percentage of citizens after they have been here ten years or more. This appears in the case of the Bohemians and Moravians; of those who have been here from five to nine years, they lead with 52.4 per cent having first papers, and in the next group, with a residence of ten years or over, although not of first rank they stand comparatively high. As regards first papers among immigrants of a residence between five and nine years, after the Bohemians and Moravians come the Swedes, the English, Welsh, Germans, Scotch, French, Irish, Slovenians, North and South Italians, Lithuanians, Magyars, Poles, Slovaks, Russians, and Croatians, in the order named.

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Among the employees of foreign birth who have been in the United States ten years or more, the Irish lead with 85.5 per cent fully naturalized; the next in order, according to the proportion who have attained complete citizenship, are the Germans, Welsh, Bohemians and Moravians, English, Swedes, and Scotch. The Lithuanians show 53.1 per cent of their number to be citizens. one-half as many Magyars as Lithuanians are naturalized. Political conditions among the bituminous coal miners of foreign birth from whom data were secured in the course of the family study are next presented. The tabulation includes only such males as were at least 21 years of age when they came to the United States and who have been here five years or more. The showing is by race of individual.

TABLE 118.-Present political condition of foreign-born males who have been in the United States 5 years or over and who were 21 years of age or over at time of coming, by race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States.]

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Referring to the totals in the preceding table, only 21.2 per cent are found to be fully naturalized and only 14.7 per cent hold first papers, the remaining 64.1 per cent being alien. The Mexicans reporting are 100 per cent alien, no representative of this race having taken steps to acquire citizenship. The Irish show the lowest proportion of aliens, 85.7 per cent of this race being fully naturalized, and the Germans follow, with 57.7 per cent fully naturalized and 19.2 per cent alien. The North Italians come next, with 26.6 per cent fully naturalized and 50 per cent without either first or second papers. These races are the only ones exceeding the general showing of 21.2 per cent fully naturalized, and, though ranking first, second, and third, they show very great differences in percentages.

The North Italians and Germans lead as regards the holding of first papers, reporting 23.4 and 23.1 per cent, respectively. The South Italians follow the North Italians with 19.1 per cent fully naturalized, but show a much larger proportion of aliens and a consequently small proportion of men with first papers. The Lithuanians come next, with 18.6 per cent naturalized and 16.8 per cent with first papers, leaving 64.6 per cent alien. The Magyars and Slovaks, with 17.1 per cent each, hold sixth place in the comparison of persons fully naturalized. After the Mexicans, the Russians show the smallest proportion of fully naturalized males, only 8 per cent being thus reported; 12 per cent hold first papers and 80 per cent are aliens. The Ruthenians' percentage of aliens is 80.8, this race, though reporting 15.4 per cent fully naturalized, showing the smallest proportion holding first papers. The Croatians show 73.2 per cent who have taken no steps toward becoming citizens, their percentage of fully naturalized males being but 12.2, although a somewhat larger proportion hold first papers. The Poles report 71.5 per cent alien and the South Italians 71.3 per cent. The latter race, however, shows a considerably larger proportion of American citizens, the Poles reporting only 13.5 per cent in contrast with the Italians' 19.1 per cent.

The table next submitted carries the discussion of the effect of residence upon citizenship one step further by showing by locality and by length of residence in the United States the present political condition of foreign-born male employees who were 21 years of age. or over at time of coming. The presentation is by race of individual.

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