TABLE 109.-Per cent of persons within each age group, by sex and by general nativity and race of head of household.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 80 or more persons reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

TABLE 109.-Per cent of persons within each age group, by sex and by general nativity and race of head of household-Continued.

The total number of individuals for whom complete data were reported is 11,972. Of these, 6,860, or 57.3 per cent, are males. It will be noted that the great majority of individuals of both sexes belong to households the heads of which are foreign-born. This is due to the fact that the taking of data was confined almost entirely to households whose heads are foreign-born, a small number of native-born schedules having been taken in each district for purposes of comparison. Of the males for whom information is incorporated in the tables, 6,474, or 94.4 per cent, of the females 4,740, or 92.7 per cent, and of both males and females 11,214, or 93.7 per cent, are classified as "foreign-born." Inasmuch as the classification according to race is based upon the birthplace of the heads of households, it is obvious that the tables give no exact indication of the nativity of the individuals. This fact is, however, immaterial for the purposes of the tables.

Of the total number of individuals for whom information was reported, it will be seen that 51 per cent, or about one-half, are 20 years of age or over. Twenty-four per cent, or about one-fourth, are children under 6. Children of school age constitute 16.8 per cent, or about one-sixth of the entire number. There is a very small proportion, 6.4 per cent, of individuals 45 years of age or over. A comparison of households the heads of which are foreign-born with those the heads of which are native-born shows for the native-born a lower percentage of young children and a higher percentage of children of school age and of persons 45 or over than for the foreign-born. Among the native households the proportion of individuals from 14

to 19 years of age is higher than among the foreign households. The proportion of individuals 20 years of age or over is less for the nativeborn than for the foreign-born. In the group of households whose heads are classified as native-born of foreign father the percentage of children under 6 years of age and of individuals 20 to 44 years of age is lower than for either the foreign-born or the total number of individuals. Among the foreign households the races having the largest percentage of young children are the Croatians, Lithuanians, Slovaks, and North Italians; those having the largest percentage of children of school age are the Bohemians and Moravians, Welsh, Germans, English, and Irish; and those having the largest percentage of individuals 45 years of age or over are the Welsh, Irish, English, and Germans.

Comparing the table for males with that for females, it will be noted that, for all individuals for whom information was reported as well as for the individuals in households the heads of which are foreign-born, the percentage of males who are 15 years of age or over is considerably higher than the percentage of females who are 15 years of age or over. The relation of the percentages for the sexes is indicated by general nativity in the following table:

From this table it appears that among the foreign households the proportion of females in the lower age groups is higher than the proportion of males in the same groups. Summarizing briefly, it may be said that the proportion of children under 6 years of age is greater in the foreign households than in the native; that the proportion of persons 45 or over is greater among the native than among the foreign; and that for all households the proportions of females under 15 years of age are higher than for the males of the same age group, the difference in age between the sexes being especially marked in the case of the foreign-born.

As regards the age characteristics of the immigrant mine workers, the following table shows, by general nativity and race, the per cent of male employees within each age group.

TABLE 111.-Per cent of male employees within each age group, by general nativity and race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[This table includes only races with 40 or more males reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

It appears from this table that of the male employees for whom information was secured only a fraction of 1 per cent are under 14 years of age, 10.3 per cent are from 14 to 19, 18.3 per cent are from 20 to 24, 19.1 per cent are from 25 to 29, 15.9 per cent are from 30 to 34, 21.7 per cent are from 35 to 44, 10.6 per cent are from 45 to 54, and only 4.1 per cent are 55 or over. The proportion of employees under 25 years of age is largest for those native-born of foreign father; of those from 25 to 44 years of age it is largest for the foreign-born; and of those 45 years of age or over it is largest for the native-born of native father.