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DALLAS, TEX. See Elections.

DAMS. See Endangered Species Act of 1973.

“DEATH KNELL” DOCTRINE. See Appeals, 1.

DENIAL OF CLASS CERTIFICATION. See Appeals.

DISCIPLINING OF UNION MEMBERS. See National Labor Rela-
tions Act, 2.

DISCLOSURE OF WITNESSES' STATEMENTS IN UNFAIR LABOR
PRACTICE PROCEEDINGS. See Freedom of Information Act.
DISCRIMINATION AGAINST INTERSTATE COMMERCE. See Con-
stitutional Law, I, 2, 3.

DISCRIMINATION AGAINST NONRESIDENTS OF STATE. See
Constitutional Law, V.

DISCRIMINATION IN VOTING. See Elections.

DISCRIMINATORY TAXES. See Federal-State Relations, 1.

DISTRIBUTION OF LABOR UNION LITERATURE. See National
Labor Relations Act, 1, 3.

DISTRICT COURTS. See Civil Rights; Constitutional Law, IV; Elec-
tions; Federal Rules of Civil Procedure; Internal Revenue Code;
Jurisdiction; Mandamus.

DIVERSITY JURISDICTION. See Jurisdiction.

DOUBLE JEOPARDY. See Constitutional Law, II; Criminal Law.
DUE PROCESS. See Constitutional Law, III.

DURATIONAL RESIDENCY REQUIREMENTS FOR EMPLOY-
MENT. See Mootness.

DUTIES ON IMPORTS. See Tariff Act of 1930.

ELECTIONS.

Legislative reapportionment plan-Standards for evaluating.-Court of
Appeals' judgment holding that District Court, in approving Dallas, Tex.,
reapportionment plan (later enacted as ordinance) providing for eight
City Council members to be elected from single-member districts and
remaining three to be elected at large, erred in evaluating plan only
under constitutional standards without also applying rule requiring judi-
cially imposed reapportionment plans, absent exceptional circumstances, to
employ only single-member districts, is reversed and case is remanded.
Wise v. Lipscomb, p. 535.

ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS. See Tariff Act of 1930.

ELEVENTH AMENDMENT. See Constitutional Law, IV.

EMPANELING AND SWEARING OF JURY AS TIME WHEN JEOP-
ARDY ATTACHES. See Constitutional Law, II, 4.

EMPLOYEE SOLICITATION BY LABOR UNIONS. See National
Labor Relations Act, 1.

EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEES. See Constitutional Law, V; Moot-
ness; National Labor Relations Act, 1, 3.

EMPLOYMENT PREFERENCES FOR STATE RESIDENTS. See
Constitutional Law, V; Mootness.

ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT OF 1973.

Snail darter-Prohibition against completion of dam.-Despite near
completion of dam, Act prohibits impoundment, by dam, of reservoir in
portion of river inhabited by snail darter, an endangered species under
Act. TVA v. Hill, p. 153.

ENFORCEMENT OF

INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE SUM-

MONSES. See Internal Revenue Code.

ENFORCEMENT OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD'S
ORDERS. See National Labor Relations Act, 1.

ENVIRONMENTAL LAW. See Endangered Species Act of 1973.
ERRONEOUS EXCLUSION OF EVIDENCE. See Constitutional Law,
II, 2.

EXCISE TAXES. See Federal-State Relations, 1.

EXEMPTION OF WITNESSES' STATEMENTS FROM PREHEAR-
ING DISCLOSURE IN UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICE PROCEED-
INGS. See Freedom of Information Act.

EXEMPTION 7 (A) OF FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT. See
Freedom of Information Act.

EXPENSE OF SENDING NOTICES IN CLASS ACTIONS. See Fed-
eral Rules of Civil Procedure.

EXPORTS. See Tariff Act of 1930.

FEDERAL DAMS. See Endangered Species Act of 1973.
FEDERAL JURISDICTION. See Indians; Jurisdiction.
FEDERAL PROSECUTION OF INDIANS. See Indians.
FEDERAL RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE.

Rule 23 (d)-Class action-Compilation of class members-Order to
defendants to assist-Cost allocation.-Rule 23 (d), not discovery rules,
empowers District Court to direct defendants in class action to help com-
pile list of members of plaintiff class, but District Court abused its dis-

FEDERAL RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE-Continued.

cretion in requiring defendants to bear expense of identifying class mem-
bers. Oppenheimer Fund, Inc. v. Sanders, p. 340.

FEDERAL SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS.

State Relations, 1.

See Federal-

FEDERAL-STATE RELATIONS. See also Constitutional Law, I, 2;
Indians; Mandamus.

1. State excise tax on federal savings and loan associations—Nondiscrim-
inatory.-Massachusett's imposition of an excise tax on federal savings
and loan associations as measured by their net operating income is not in-
valid as discriminating against such associations in violation of § 5 (h) of
Home Owners' Loan Act of 1933. First Federal S. & L. v. Massachusetts
Tax Comm'n, p. 255.

2. State regulation of oil producers' or refiners' pricing practices-No
pre-emption by federal laws.-Maryland statute requiring oil producers or
refiners to extend "voluntary allowances" (temporary price reductions
granted to independent retail service station dealers injured by local com-
petitive price reductions) to all stations they supply is not pre-empted by
§2 (b) of Clayton Act, as amended by Robinson-Patman Act, or by
Sherman Act. Exxon Corp. v. Governor of Maryland, p. 117.

FEDERAL TAXES. See Internal Revenue Code.

FIFTH AMENDMENT. See Constitutional Law, II; Criminal Law.
FINAL DECISIONS. See Appeals, 1.

FOREIGN PRODUCTS. See Tariff Act of 1930.

FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT. See Constitutional Law, II, 4; III, 1;
VI.

FOURTH AMENDMENT. See Constitutional Law, VI.

FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT.

Unfair labor practice proceedings-Prehearing disclosure of witnesses'
statements.-Act does not require National Labor Relations Board to
disclose witnesses' statements prior to unfair labor practice hearing, and
NLRB is entitled to withhold statements under Exemption 7 (A) of Act.
NLRB v. Robbins Tire & Rubber Co., p. 214.

GASOLINE STATIONS. See Constitutional Law, I, 3; III, 3; Federal-
State Relations, 2.

GOVERNMENT APPEALS. See Constitutional Law, II, 1, 2.
HABEAS CORPUS. See Criminal Law.

HOME OWNERS' LOAN ACT OF 1933. See Federal-State Relations,

1.

HOSPITALS. See National Labor Relations Act, 1.

IMPEACHMENT OF ACCUSED'S CREDIBILITY. See Constitutional

Law, III, 1.

IMPORTATION OF WASTE.

See Constitutional Law, I, 2.

IMPORTS. See Tariff Act of 1930.

INCOME TAXES. See Constitutional Law, I, 1; III, 2.

INDIANS.

"Indian country"-State jurisdiction over offense.-Lands designated
as a reservation for Choctaw Indians residing in central Mississippi are
"Indian country," as defined in 18 U. S. C. § 1151 (1976 ed.) and as used
in Major Crimes Act, and hence latter Act provided proper basis for
federal prosecution of Choctaw Indian for offense occurring on such lands,
and Mississippi had no power to prosecute him for same offense. United
States v. John, p. 634.

INJUNCTIONS. See Endangered Species Act of 1973.

INTERFERENCE WITH UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICE PROCEED-
INGS. See Freedom of Information Act.

INTERLOCUTORY ORDERS REFUSING INJUNCTIONS. See Ap-
peals, 2.

INTERNAL REVENUE CODE.

Summonses-District Court's erroneous refusal to enforce.-District
Court erred in refusing to enforce Internal Revenue Service summonses
issued under § 7602 of Code on ground that they were not issued in good
faith because they were issued "solely for the purpose of unearthing
evidence of criminal conduct." United States v. LaSalle National Bank,
p. 298.

INTERSTATE COMMERCE. See Constitutional Law, I; III, 2.
INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION. See Antitrust Acts.
INTERSTATE CORPORATIONS' INCOME TAXES. See Constitu-
tional Law, I, 1; III, 2.

INTERVENTION BY UNITED STATES IN INTERSTATE COM-
MERCE COMMMISSION PROCEEDINGS. See Antitrust Acts.
INVENTIONS. See Patents.

INVOLUNTARY STATEMENTS BY ACCUSED. See Constitutional
Law, III, 1.

IOWA. See Constitutional Law, I, 1; III, 2.

ISOLATION SENTENCES. See Civil Rights.

JAPAN. See Tariff Act of 1930.

JUDGMENTS OF ACQUITTAL. See Constitutional Law, II, 3.
JUDICIALLY IMPOSED REAPPORTIONMENT PLANS. See Elec-
tions.

JURISDICTION. See also Appeals; Indians.

Claim against third-party defendant-Lack of independent basis for
jurisdiction.-In wrongful-death action in which federal jurisdiction was
based on diversity of citizenship, District Court had no power to enter-
tain plaintiff's claim against third-party defendant as to which diversity
jurisdiction was lacking. Owen Equipment & Erection Co. v. Kroger,
p. 365.

JUSTICIABILITY. See Mootness.

LABOR UNIONS. See National Labor Relations Act.

LEGISLATIVE REAPPORTIONMENT PLANS. See Elections.

LIMITATION OF ACTIONS. See Antitrust Acts.

LIMITATIONS ON SOLITARY CONFINEMENT. See Civil Rights.
LIQUID WASTE DISPOSAL. See Constitutional Law, I, 2.

LIST OF CLASS MEMBERS IN CLASS ACTION. See Federal Rules
of Civil Procedure.

LITERATURE DISTRIBUTION BY LABOR UNION. See National
Labor Relations Act, 1, 3.

LITTLE TENNESSEE RIVER. See Endangered Species Act of 1973.
MAJOR CRIMES ACT. See Indians.

MANDAMUS.

Court of Appeals-Mandamus directing District Court to proceed-
Concurrent state proceedings.-Court of Appeals' judgment issuing writ of
mandamus directing District Court to proceed to adjudicate claim based on
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 despite pendency of a substantially iden-
tical proceeding between same parties in state courts, is reversed. Will
v. Calvert Fire Ins. Co., p. 655.

MARYLAND. See Constitutional Law, I, 3; III, 3; Federal-State Re-
lations, 2.

MASSACHUSETTS. See Federal-State Relations, 1.

MATHEMATICAL FORMULAS AS PATENTABLE. See Patents.

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