man leaveth himself without observation, or without hold to be taken, what he is the second, dissimulation in the negative; when a man lets fall signs and arguments, that he is not that he is: and the third, simulation in the affirmative; when a man industriously and expressly feigns and pretends to be that he is not.

for the first of these, secrecy, it is indeed the virtue of a confissor; and assuredly the secret man heareth many confossions; for who will open himself to a blab or a babbler ? But if a man be thought secret, it inviteth discovery, as the mas close air sucketh in the more open; and, as in conKasion, the revealing is not for worldly use, but for the ease of a man's heart, so secret men come to the knowledge of many things in that kind; while men rather discharge their minda Man impart their minds. In few words, mysteries ark due to secrecy, Besides (to say truth), nakedness is unmmmmly, as well in mind as body; and it addeth no small FK/kFRnce to men's manners and actions, if they be not alligstlice open. As for talkers, and futile persons, they are Kommonly vain and credulous withal: for he that talketh what he knoweth, will also talk what he knoweth not; Mikerfore set it down, that a habit of secrecy is both politic and mural : and in this part it is good that a man's face give his tongue leave to speak; for the discovery of a man's self, by the tracts of his countenance, is a great weakness and Indraying, by how much it is many times more marked and lclieved than a man's words,

For the second, which is dissimulation, it followeth many Munce upon secrecy by a necessity; so that he that will be BANEER must be a dissembler in some degree; for men are too Cumming to suffer a man to keep an indifferent carriage between Toth, and to be secret, without swaying the balance on Ather side. They will so beset a man with questions, and deww kom on, and pick it out of him, that without an absurd Mikkek, he must show an inclination one way; or if he do tok, they will gather as much by his silence as by his speech. E* for cquivocations, or oraculous speeches, they cannot hold muk lung: so that no man can be secret, except he give him

* A word now unused, signifying the "traits" or "features."

self a little scope of dissimulation, which is, as it were, but the skirts or train of secrecy.

But for the third degree, which is simulation and false profession, that I hold more culpable, and less politic, except it be in great and rare matters: and, therefore, a general custom of simulation (which is this last degree) is a vice rising either of a natural falseness, or fearfulness, or of a mind that hath some main faults; which, because a man must needs disguise, it maketh him practise simulation in other things, lest his hand should be out of use.

The advantages of simulation and dissimulation are three : first, to lay asleep opposition, and to surprise; for where a man's intentions are published, it is an alarum to call up all that are against them: the second is, to reserve to a man's self a fair retreat; for if a man engage himself by a manifest declaration, he must go through, or take a fall: the third is, the better to discover the mind of another; for to him that opens himself men will hardly show themselves adverse; but will (fair) let him go on, and turn their freedom of speech to freedom of thought; and therefore it is a good shrewd proverb of the Spaniard, "Tell a lie and find a troth;"b as if there were no way of discovery but by simulation. There be also three disadvantages to set it even; the first, that simulation and dissimulation commonly carry with them a show of fearfulness, which, in any business doth spoil the feathers of round flying up to the mark; the second, that it puzzleth and perplexeth the conceits of many, that, perhaps, would otherwise co-operate with him, and makes a man walk almost alone to his own ends; the third, and greatest, is, that it depriveth a man of one of the most principal instruments for action, which is trust and belief. The best composition and temperature is, to have openness in fame and opinion; secrecy in habit; dissimulation in seasonable use; and a power to feign if there be no remedy.

b A truth.

C

*་་ OTĚ PAPINUM AND CHILDEEN.

11 ippå SP portsite ant grepet, and so are their griefs and snað affeqt the dne, not they will not utter the 1.5 dredeten inboats, but that make misfortunes cỷ hingesand the dayss of lite, but they mitiWind of death

This perpetuity by generamemory, merit, and noble and ayoly à man ahil see the »ð. Annulations havs proceeded from childless so a going by na spise he munges of dieir minds se dior Auvo duled; so the care of posteom cout have no posterity. They that are ✔ Abent bonses are most indulgent towards them as the continuance, not only their work; and so both children and

al, eat Aion of parents towards their several pit tient unequal, and sometimes unworthy, H mother; as Solomon saith, "A wise son Foley, but an ungracious son shames the Jll see, where there is a house full of pigost respected, and the youngest we some that are as it were mcrcteless, prove the best. view see towards their chil

and therefore,

are men, and disturbeth families. The Italians make little difference between children and nephews, or near kinsfolk; but so they be of the lump, they care not, though they pass not through their own body; and, to say truth, in nature it is much a like matter; insomuch that we see a nephew sometimes resembleth an uncle or a kinsman, more than his own parent as the blood happens. Let parents choose betimes the vocations and courses they mean their children should take, for then they are most flexible, and let them not too much apply themselves to the disposition of their children, as thinking they will take best to that which they have most mind to. It is true, that if the affection, or aptness of the children be extraordinary, then it is good not to cross it; but generally the precept is good, "Optimum elige, suave et facile illud faciet consuetudo."e_) -Younger brothers are commonly fortunate, but seldom or never where the elder are disinherited.

VIII.-OF MARRIAGE AND SINGLE LIFE.

HE that hath wife and children hath given hostages to fortune; for they are impediments to great enterprises, either of virtue or mischief. Certainly the best works, and of greatest merit for the public, have proceeded from the unmarried or childless men, which both in affection and means have married and endowed the public. Yet it were great reason that those that have children should have greatest care of future times, unto which they know they must transmit their dearest pledges. Some there are who, though they lead a single life, yet their thoughts do end with themselves, and account future times impertinences; nay, there are some other that account wife and children but as

a There is considerable justice in this remark. Children should be taught to do what is right for its own sake, and because it is their duty to do so, and not that they may have the selfish gratification of obtaining the reward which their companions have failed to secure, and of being led to think themselves superior to their companions. When launched upon the world, emulation will be quite sufficiently forced upon them by stern necessity.

"Select that course of life which is the most advantageous: Labit will soon render it pleasant and easily endured."

20

bills of charges; nay more, there are some foolish rich cove tous men, that take a pride in having no children, because they may be thought so much the richer; for, perhaps they have heard some talk, "Such an one is a great rich man,' and another except to it, "Yea, but he hath a great charge of children;" as if it were an abatement to his riches: but the most ordinary cause of a single life is liberty, especially in certain self pleasing and humorous minds, which are so sensible of every restraint, as they will go near to think their Unmarried girdles and garters to be bonds and shackles. inen are best friends, best masters, best servants; but not always best subjects, for they are light to run away, and A single life doth almost all fugitives are of that condition. well with churchmen, for charity will hardly water the It is indifferent for ground where it must first fill a pool,a

ges and magistrates; for if they be facile and corrupt, you shall have a servant five times worse than a wife. For hoices, I had the generals commonly, in their hortatives, puk men in mind of their wives and children; and I think Cic. despising of marriage amongst the Turks maketh the vular moddion mora bass. Certainly wife and children are a I of discipline of humanity; and single men, though they . many times more charitable, because their means are ....... fontok, yeb, on the other side, they are more cruel and of hearted (sood to make severe inquisitors), because their Grave natures, led by dorton bi tot so oft called upon. pono nud Photoforo constant, are commonly loving husVotulam suam prætulit imks, is with mild of Ulyssoa, bahbaki Chasto women are often proud and froward, pressituning upon the motit of their chastity. It is one of ki toch banda, both of chastity and obedience, in the wife, if she think hot husband wise, which she will never do if she Art ham jealous Wives are young men's mistresses, compar a fi middle ago, and old men's nurses, so as a man

For meaning to, but if clergymen have the expenses of a family to they will haully find means for the exercise of benevolence

all

* profound his aged wife Penelope to immortality." This W was subicated by the goddess Calypso to give up chia of Phong to Ithaca, and to romain with her in the enjoy kimmelliky.