TEXTS OF TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS [The publication of texts hereunder does not imply that the United States is, contemplates becoming, or is eligible to become a party.] CONVENTION ON POLITICAL ASYLUM1 The Governments represented in the Seventh International Conference of American States: Wishing to conclude a Convention on Political Asylum, to define the terms of the one signed at Habana, have appointed the following Plenipotentiaries: [Here follows the list of plenipotentiaries.] Who, after having exhibited their Full Powers, which were found in good and due form, have agreed upon the following: ARTICLE 1 In place of Article 1 of the Convention of Habana on Right of Asylum, of February 20, 1928, the following is substituted: "It shall not be lawful for the states to grant asylum in legations, warships, military camps, or airships to those accused of common offenses who may have been duly prosecuted or who may have been sentenced by ordinary courts of justice, nor to deserters of land or sea forces. "The persons referred to in the preceding paragraph who find refuge in some of the above-mentioned places shall be surrendered as soon as requested by the local government ". ARTICLE 2 The judgment of political delinquency concerns the state which offers asylum. ARTICLE 3 Political asylum, as an institution of humanitarian character, is not subject to reciprocity. Any man may resort to its protection, whatever his nationality, without prejudice to the obligations accepted by the state to which he belongs; however, the states that do not recognize political asylum, except with limitations and peculiarities, can exercise it in foreign countries only in the manner and within the limits recognized by said countries. 'See Bulletin No. 52, January 1934, p. 16. ARTICLE 4 When the withdrawal of a diplomatic agent is requested because of the discussions that may have arisen in some case of political asylum, the diplomatic agent shall be replaced by his government, and his withdrawal shall not determine a breach of diplomatic relations between the two states. ARTICLE 5 The present Convention shall not affect obligations previously entered into by the High Contracting Parties by virtue of international agreements. ARTICLE 6 The present Convention shall be ratified by the High Contracting Parties in conformity with their respective constitutional procedures. The Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uruguay shall transmit authentic certified copies to the governments for the aforementioned purpose of ratification. The instrument of ratification shall be deposited in the archives of the Pan American Union in Washington, which shall notify the signatory governments of said deposit. Such notification shall be considered as an exchange of ratifications. ARTICLE 7 The present Convention will enter into force between the High Contracting Parties in the order in which they deposit their respective ratifications. ARTICLE 8 The present Convention shall remain in force indefinitely but may be denounced by means of one year's notice given to the Pan American Union, which shall transmit it to the other signatory governments. After the expiration of this period the Convention shall cease in its effects as regards the party which denounces but shall remain in effect for the remaining High Contracting Parties. ARTICLE 9 The present Convention shall be open for the adherence and accession of the States which are not signatories. The corresponding instruments shall be deposited in the archives of the Pan American Union which shall communicate them to the other High Contracting Parties. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the following Plenipotentiaries have signed this Convention in Spanish, English, Portuguese and French and hereunto affix their respective seals in the city of Montevideo, Republic of Uruguay, this 26th day of December, 1933. CONVENTION ON THE TEACHING OF HISTORY 2 The Governments represented in the Seventh International Conference of American States, considering: That it is necessary to complement the political and juridical organization of peace with the moral disarmament of peoples, by means of the revision of text books in use in the several countries; That the need of effecting this corrective labor has been recognized by the Pan American Scientific Congress of Lima (1924), the National History Congress of Montevideo (1928), the Congress of History of Buenos Aires (1929), the Congress of History of Bogota (1930), the Second National History Congress of Rio de Janeiro (1931), the American University Congress of Montevideo (1931), and by the adoption of measures in this respect by several American Governments, and that, the United States of Brazil, and the Argentine and Uruguayan Republics, evidencing their deep desire for international peace and understanding, have recently subscribed to agreements for the revision of their text books of History and Geography; Have appointed as their plenipotentiaries: [Here follows the list of plenipotentiaries.] Who, after having exchanged their full powers, which were found in good and proper form, have agreed to the following: ARTICLE 1 To revise the text books adopted for instruction in their respective countries, with the object of eliminating from them whatever might tend to arouse in the immature mind of youth aversion to any American Country. ARTICLE 2 To review periodically the text books adopted for instruction on the several subjects, in order to harmonize them with most recent statistical and general information so that they shall convey the most accurate data respecting the wealth and productive capacity of the American Republics. ARTICLE 3 To found an "Institute for the Teaching of History" of the American Republics, to be located in Buenos Aires, and to be responsible for the coordination and inter-American realization of the purposes described, and whose ends shall be to recommend: a) That each American Republic foster the teaching of the History of the others, 'See Bulletin No. 52, January 1934, p. 31. b) That greater attention be given to the history of Spain, Portugal, Great Britain and France, and of any other non-American country in respect to matters of major interest to the history of America. c) That the nations endeavor to prevent the inclusion, in educational programs and handbooks on History, of unfriendly references to other countries or of errors that may have been dispelled by historical criticism. d) That the bellicose emphasis in handbooks on History be lessened and that the study of the culture of the peoples, and the universal development of civilization of each country made by foreigners and by other nations, be urged. e) That annoying comparisons between national and foreign historical characters, and also belittling and offensive comments regarding other countries, be deleted from text books. f) That the narration of victories over other nations shall not be used as the basis for a deprecatory estimate of the defeated people. g) That facts in the narration of wars and battles whose results may have been adverse, be not appraised with hatred, or distorted. h) That emphasis be placed upon whatever may contribute constructively to understanding and cooperation among the American countries. In the fulfillment of the important educational functions committed to it, the "Institute for the Teaching of History" shall maintain close affiliation with the Pan American Institute of Geography and History, established as an organ of cooperation between the Geographic and Historic Institutes of the Americas, of Mexico City, and with other bodies whose ends are similar to its own. ARTICLE 4 The present Convention shall not affect obligations previously entered into by the High Contracting Parties by virtue of international agreements. ARTICLE 5 The present Convention shall be ratified by the High Contracting Parties in conformity with their respective constitutional procedures. The Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uruguay shall transmit authentic certified copies to the governments for the aforementioned purpose of ratification. The instrument of ratification shall be deposited in the archives of the Pan American Union in Washington, which shall notify the signatory governments of said deposit. Such notification shall be considered as an exchange of ratifications. ARTICLE 6 The present convention will enter into force between the High Contracting Parties in the order in which they deposit their respective ratifications. ARTICLE 7 The present Convention shall remain in force indefinitely but may be denounced by means of one year's notice given to the Pan American Union, which shall transmit it to the other signatory governments. After the expiration of this period the Convention shall cease in its effects as regards the party which denounces but shall remain in effect for the remaining High Contracting Parties. ARTICLE 8 The present Convention shall be open for the adherence and accession of the States which are not signatories. The corresponding instruments shall be deposited in the archives of the Pan American Union which shall communicate them to the other High Contracting Parties. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the following Plenipotentiaries have signed this Convention in Spanish, English, Portuguese and French and hereunto affix their respective seals in the city of Montevideo, Republic of Uruguay, this 26th day of December, 1933. PROTOCOL I OF MARCH 17, 1934, BETWEEN ITALY, AUSTRIA, AND HUNGARY 3 8 THE CHIEF OF THE GOVERNMENT OF HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF ITALY, THE FEDERAL CHANCELLOR OF THE REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA, THE PRESIDENT OF THE ROYAL COUNCIL OF HUNGARY, Animated by a desire to contribute to the maintenance of peace and to the economic recovery of Europe upon the basis of respect for the independence and for the rights of every State, Persuaded that the collaboration of the three Governments toward that end may bring into existence the requisite conditions for greater cooperation with other States, Undertake, in order to achieve the aforesaid purposes: To come to an understanding on all problems particularly affecting them and on problems of a general character, for the purpose of pursuing, in the spirit of the existing Italo-Austrian, ItaloHungarian, and Austro-Hungarian treaties of friendship which are based upon the recognition of the existence of many common in Translation by the American Embassy at Rome. |