pallet. Same as TYPE-HOlder.

parallel rule. A type high brass rule, the face of which shows two parallel lines of the same thick

peel. Formerly, a T-shaped implement used in handling freshly printed sheets.

perfecting machine. A printing-press that prints from

a roll of paper both sides of the sheet at one passage through it, especially one that also folds, pastes, and delivers the sheet, as in newspaper form.

perforating rule.

A dentated type-high brass rule used for perforating paper which it is desired to tear apart, as in check-books.

pi. Type, sometimes also rules, furniture, etc., that has been upset, dropped, or otherwise disarranged so that it can not readily be used until assorted. pick. A spot on a printed sheet, usually caused by a particle of ink, dirt, or paper adhering to the form, though sometimes through a defect in a plate. pick-up. Standing matter that is used again, and is counted as new.

plane. To bring the surface of a form, etc., to a level, as of type, with a planer and mallet: used usually with down, and said of cuts.

planer. A smooth wooden block used for leveling a form of type or for taking proofs (for this use having the face covered as with felt), by laying it on the surface and tapping it with a mallet.

plate. An electrotype, or stereotype; an illustration. platen. The part of a platen-press that presses the paper upon the form to obtain an impression. platen press. A printing-press on which the form and paper are both on flat surfaces,

plate proof. A proof of type-matter that has been taken from a plate.

play. To set up on a type-setting machine-as, The copy was played at the rate of 30,000 ems a day." point. A short perpendicular pin on a printing press for piercing a sheet of paper, so that when the second side is printed the point-holes may come in the same place, thus insuring correct register. point system. A standard system of sizes for type= bodies, 996 points of which are equal to 35 centimeters, and one point is .0138 inch, as adopted by the Type-founders' Association of the United States, and which has almost wholly displaced the former system.

press. A printing machine.

pressman.

press.

A man who has charge of a printing

press-proof. The last proof taken before printing; also, a proof taken with special care.

press-revise. A revise of a press-proof.

press-room. A room where the presses are kept, as distinguished from a composing-room.

press-work. The operating of, or the work done by a printing-press.

printer's mark. An engraved device of a printer or publisher, serving the purpose of an imprint.

printing press. A printing machine.

quadrat. A piece of type-metal lower than the letters, used in spacing between words and filling out blank lines. Commonly abbreviated quad.

quarto. A book or pamphlet the pages of which are of the size of the fourth of a sheet; a size made by twice folding a sheet, which then makes four leaves: often written 4to or 4°.

quoin. A wedge, usually either solid, of wood. or slotted and in pairs, or pieces of metal, by which to

lock up or fasten type in a chase or galley. quotation. Any piece of metal furniture of small size. quotation-mark. One of the marks placed at the beginning and end of a quoted word or passage. In English usage one or two inverted commas (`, “) mark the beginning of a quotation, and, correspondingly, one or two apostrophes (',') the close. ratchet. A tool with a notched blade used by printers in clamping a stereotype plate to its block.

recto. A right-hand page, as of a book.

Ordinarily the odd-numbered pages are the rectos, and the evennumbered the reversos.

reference-mark.

A symbol, letter, or figure used to direct the reader from the text to a note or to a section or page of an appendix.

register. (1) Exact correspondence or adjustment in

position of the lines, columns, margins, etc., on one side of a page or leaf with those on the other side. (2) Correct relation of the colors in color-printing, so that no color overlaps or falls short of its proper position.

reglet. A thin wooden strip made less than type-high, and used for making space between lines, as in poster-printing, or to fill blank spaces.

revise. (1) To compare with a previous proof. (2) A proof for revision.

reviser. One who revises literary works or printers' proofs.

ride. To be impressed upon another color, as in lithography or color-printing when colors overlap. roll. (1) A hand-tool for making a continuous line, usually having a brass wheel with a rim cut to the

desired pattern. (2) The cylinder of a printingmachine: an untechnical use.

roller. A rod covered with an elastic composition or with felt, used in applying ink to printing-surfaces; also, a leather-covered rod used in lithographic printing. roman. A style of ceriphed type or letter whose chief characteristic is its perpendicularity and the greater thickness of its upright strokes than of its horizontal strokes: the most familiar form of letter in books and newspapers; also, a black gothic letter used by the ancient Romans.

rounce.

A cylinder, usually of wood, with a crank and strap attached for moving back and forth the bed of a hand-press.

rout. To cut out or away by scooping or gouging, as mackle in a plate or the like, to improve the printed impression.

rule. (1) A metal strip for handling type; as, a com

posing rule. (2) A strip of type-high metal (usually brass) for printing a rule or line; also, the impression of a line on the printed page.

rule-case. See CASE.

run in. To omit paragraphs or break-lines to save space; or to alter the position of type, as to fill a vacant space.

running head. A head-line, as of a chapter or an article in a book or periodical, repeated at the head of succeeding or alternate pages.

running title. A title or head-line repeated at the head of succeeding pages, as throughout a book or chapter. In the printing trade, a minimum schedule of wages fixed by the International Typographical

scale.

Union.

schedule. (1) A list of printed pages, the folios of which

are checked off as pages (after correction) are sent to foundry for casting. (2) A list of topics or illustrations furnished as a guide to their order or position in making up the pages of a book.

script. Type in imitation of handwriting.

set-off.

A smut transferred from a freshly printed surface to another sheet, or to the second side of the same sheet, as through the medium of a smutted tympan. Called also off-set. The action of thus smutting is often called setting off.

sew. To fasten together the sections of a book with needle and thread, as distinguished from stitch and wire.

sewing. The fastening together of the sections of a book by passing a thread through each section at its central fold and returning it, after drawing it tight over each band, on the back of the sections: done for each band.

sextodecimo. A book or pamphlet having 16 leaves to

the sheet, the pages being, in size, usually 41⁄2 × 6% inches; hence, loosely, a book having that size of page.

shank. The body part of a type, as distinguished from the shoulder, face, or foot.

sheep's foot. A pressman's tool having a square hammer-head on one end and a claw on the other: used in prying up forms, etc.

sheet-work. Presswork in which the two sides of a sheet are printed from different forms.

shooting stick. A wooden or metal stick, often with a notch in one end and a head on the other, to be struck with a mallet, for driving quoins.

shoulder. The top of the shank of a type when extending above or below the face of the letter.