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is subsisting when this Act shall go into effect, the notice of copyright may be either in one of the forms prescribed herein or in one of those prescribed by the Act of June eighteenth, eighteen hundred and seventy-four.

SEC. 19. The notice of copyright shall be applied, in the case of a book or other printed publication, upon its title-page or the page immediately following, or if a periodical either upon the title-page or upon the first page of text of each separate num-. ber or under the title heading, or if a musical work either upon its title-page or the first page of music: Provided, That one notice of copyright in each volume or in each number of a newspaper or periodical published shall suffice.

SEC. 20. Where the copyright proprietor has sought to comply with the provisions of this Act with respect to notice, the omission by accident or mistake of the prescribed notice from a particular copy or copies shall not invalidate the copyright or prevent recovery for infringement against any person who, after actual notice of the copyright, begins an undertaking to infringe it, but shall prevent the recovery of damages against an innocent infringer who has been misled by the omission of the notice; and in a suit for infringement no permanent injunction shall be had unless the copyright proprietor shall reimburse to the innocent infringer his reasonable outlay innocently incurred if the court, in its discretion, shall so direct.

SEC. 21. In the case of a book published abroad in the English language before publication in this country, the deposit in the copyright office, not later than thirty days after its publication abroad, of one complete copy of the foreign edition, with a request for the reservation of the copyright and a statement of the name and nationality of the author and of the copyright proprietor and of the date of publication of the said book, shall secure to the author or proprietor an ad interim copyright, which shall have all the force and effect given to copyright

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by this Act, and shall endure until the expiration of thirty days after such deposit in the copyright office. SEC. 22. Whenever within the period of such ad interim protection an authorized edition of such book shall be published within the United States, in accordance with the manufacturing provisions specified in section fifteen of this Act, and whenever the provisions of this Act as to deposit of copies, registration, filing of affidavit, and the printing of the copyright notice shall have been duly complied with, the copyright shall be extended to endure in such book for the full term elsewhere provided in this Act.

SEC. 23. The copyright secured by this Act shall endure for twenty-eight years from the date of first publication, whether the copyrighted work bears the author's true name or is published anonymously or under an assumed name: Provided, That in the case of any posthumous work or of any periodical, cyclopædic, or other composite work upon which the copyright was originally secured by the proprietor thereof, or of any work copyrighted by a corporate body (otherwise than as assignee or licensee of the individual author), or by an employer for whom such work is made for hire, the proprietor of such copyright shall be entitled to a renewal and extension of the copyright in such work for the further term of twenty-eight years when application for such renewal and extension shall have been made to the copyright office and duly registered therein within one year prior to the expiration of the original term of copyright: And provided further, That in the case of any other copyrighted work, including a contribution by an individual author to a periodical or to a cyclopædic or other composite work when such contribution has been separately registered, the author of such work, if still living, or the widow, widower, or children of the author, if the author be not living, or if such author, widow, widower, or children be not living, then the author's executors, or in the absence of a will, his next of kin shall be

entitled to a renewal and extension of the copyright in such work for a further term of twenty-eight years when application for such renewal and extension shall have been made to the copyright office and duly registered therein within one year prior to the expiration of the original term of copyright: And provided further, That in default of the registration of such application for renewal and extension, the copyright in any work shall determine at the expiration of twenty-eight years from first publication.

SEC. 24. The copyright subsisting in any work at the time when this Act goes into effect may, at the expiration of the term provided for under existing law, be renewed and extended by the author of such work if still living, or the widow, widower, or children of the author, if the author be not living, or if such author, widow, widower, or children be not living, then by the author's executors, or in the absence of a will, his next of kin, for a further period such that the entire term shall be equal to that secured by this Act, including the renewal period: Provided, however, That if the work be a composite work upon which copyright was originally secured by the proprietor thereof, then such proprietor shall be entitled to the privilege of renewal and extension granted under this section: Provided, That application for such renewal and extension shall be made to the copyright office and duly registered therein within one year prior to the expiration of the existing term.

The remaining Sections from 25 to 64 treat of the issuance of certificates of copyright; the penalties for infringement of copyright (setting the minimum penalty that may be recovered by action at law at $250 and the maximum at $5,000), and provide for the proper administration of the law.

In Great Britain copyright is secured by first publication there of the work for which copyright is desired. If the work be that of a foreign author it "shall be deemed to be published simultaneously in two places if the time between the publication in one such place and the publication in the other place does not exceed fourteen days, or such longer period as may, for the time. being, be fixed by Order in Council"-that is, by order of the reigning sovereign under the advice. of the Privy Council.

Publication is effected by the free delivery of six copies of the work for which copyright is desired to the great public libraries: (1) the British Museum; (2) the Bodleian Library, Oxford; (3) Cambridge University Library; (4) the Advocates' Library, at Edinburgh; (5) the Library of Trinity College, Dublin; (6) the National Library of Wales.

The duration of the copyright is for the life of the author and fifty years after his death. But after the expiration of twenty-five years from the death of the author a printed work may be reprinted, provided that any person desiring to reprint it gives due notice to the owner of the copyright and pays him ten per cent. on the price at which the work is published.

Works published in the British colonies enjoy the same protection as those published in Great Britain. But self-governing dominions have the right to pass laws of their own to regulate copyright, and an author of foreign birth who desires to secure copyright protection in any self-governing dominion or colony should address the Secretary of State for information concerning the status of the law before taking any other action.

XVII

GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS USED

IN PRINTING AND BINDING

advance-sheets.

Sheets, as of a book or magazine, sent out, as to the press, before formal publication. ascending letter. A letter some part of which ascends upon the upper shoulder of the type-body, or above the short letters-as, d, A, which ascend above a, e, etc.

author's proof.

A clean proof for revision by an author, or a proof returned with corrections by him. band. A flat, flexible strip of material used for binding, as of leather, rubber, cloth, paper, etc.

bank. (1) The track on which the carriage of a printingpress moves. (2) A pressman's table for holding sheets. (3) A frame for holding type-filled galleys, standing or dead matter, etc.

bastard title. A page on which a short title is usually printed. Used sometimes to precede the regular full title-page of a book.

bastard type. A type having a face smaller or larger than its proper body-as, long-primer face on smallpica body, or vice versa.

batter. A breakage or marring of type or of a plate so that it prints imperfectly.

beard. Formerly, the slope of a printing-type from the face to the shoulder, now cast nearly straight;

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