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Mr. MICHEL. Are we their largest purchaser of coal here in the city?

Mr. WHITE. I am not sure whether we are or not; they, themselves, of course, are the biggest user; we are a very small user compared with the GSA.

Mr. MICHEL. The price has been $50, and it is projected to go to $70 this year?

Mr. WHITE. That is correct.

Mr. MICHEL. That is all, Mr. Chairman.

LIBRARY BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS

Mr. BENJAMIN. We will go to Library Buildings and Grounds. You are requesting $11,437,000 and 136 positions for structural and mechanical care for the Library Buildings and Grounds.

Before we proceed into the first project, which is the renovation project, we would like to welcome Dr. Daniel J. Boorstin, the Librarian of Congress, and Mr. William J. Welsh, Deputy Librarian, and the entire entourage that came with you.

The Library Buildings and Grounds Appropriation is assigned to the Architect of the Capitol, but the Library's needs are the primary concern of this program.

Dr. Boorstin, do you have a statement?

RESTORATION PROJECT

Dr. BOORSTIN. Yes, I do. It is a brief statement, Mr. Chairman. With your permission, I would like to read it. I am glad to be here. I appreciate the opportunity to speak to the Architect of the Capitol's request for funds to begin renovation and restoration of the Library of Congress and Thomas Jefferson Buildings.

The reasons behind this request are twofold and are complementary: (1) to preserve our heritage, and (2) to insure the present and future efficiency of our greatest resource of knowledge and information.

The original Library of Congress Building is perhaps our grandest architectural inheritance-after the Capitol Building itselffrom the last century. When the new Library of Congress Building was opened to the public on November 1, 1897, it was greeted with unprecedented enthusiasm. One citizen of Washington informed the Librarian that "not until I stand before the judgement seat of God do I ever expect to see this building transcended.'

The leading architectural critic of the age, Montgomery Schuyler, said that this building proved that the United States had moved into a "brilliant period"-"not only in the arts and sciences, but in material and social advancement." Speaker of the House Joseph G. Cannon called the Library the best public building in Washington.

This grand inheritance, now visited by more than a million Americans every year, has not been treated with the respect it deserves. To serve temporary space needs, it has been crowded, its vistas have been broken by partitions, its priceless beauties have been obscured.

Now for the first time in decades, with the occupancy of the Madison Building, we have the opportunity to restore this building

to its original beauty and its proper functions and prove ourselves worthy of our inheritance. In all senses of the word, this is a monumental task, but it is worth our efforts. It will produce incalculable dividends for the Congress, for the nation and the world of learning.

During the past four years, we at the Library of Congress have been working on a master plan to make the best use of all the three Library buildings on Capitol Hill. Now we believe that we have a plan which will organize and focus all our space and all our staff for the effective access and efficient retrieval of all forms of knowledge and information.

I have a schematic depiction of the plan here, Mr. Chairman. We have copies for the committee.

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OBJECTIVES OF PLAN

Dr. BOORSTIN. If we are to avoid being drowned in our own intellectual productivity, if we are to make effective use of our wealth of knowledge, we must put this coherent scheme into effect as soon as possible. Under our plan, each of our three buildings is an essential integrated part. We have designed our plan to take advantage of existing spaces but relate them to one another in new ways-and so help all users find their way into our growing collections.

During the last year we have worked closely with the Architect and his staff to develop plans to renovate and restore the Library of Congress Building. Integral with our master plan is the program to make the Thomas Jefferson Building serve more effectively as the book-storage building for which it was originally designed. Our comprehensive plan has three objectives:

(1) to restore and renovate the Library of Congress Building to serve as an effective and inspiring centerpiece for a 3-building system, (2) to bring the original Library of Congress Building and the Thomas Jefferson Building into compliance with up-to-date lifesafety codes, and (3) to remove present fire hazards, eliminate present inappropriate uses of space, and refit exhibit halls, reading rooms, book stacks, and office and service areas for their proper

uses.

While adequate up-to-date fire protection is costly, it is a cost that we cannot avoid. We must protect our staff and the public from the hazards of fire and other safety defects. We would be remiss in our duty to preserve the national collections if we did not use the latest technology to provide protection from fire and other hazards. In the recent past lack of space and the need to keep space in constant use has made it impossible for us to provide such protection.

MULTIMEDIA ENCYCLOPEDIA

We now describe the 3-building Capitol Hill complex of the Library of Congress as a dynamic Multimedia Encyclopedia. That is the plan that I have shown you, Mr. Chairman. The Main Reading Room of the Library of Congress Building will serve as the "index" and will be the principal point of entry for scholars to the collections of the Library of Congress.

The large rooms on the first floor of the Library of Congress Building surrounding the Main Reading Room will be dedicated to culture and literature with appropriate reference specialists to assist readers, on the second floor in comparable space, specialists, services, and collections will be dedicated to American and European civilization. The first floor of the Thomas Jefferson Building will provide reading rooms and collections on Asian, African and Middle Eastern civilizations. Science and Technology and the Social Services divisions and reading rooms will be on the fifth floor of the Thomas Jefferson Building. The Madison Building will house reading rooms, staff, and services associated with the Performing and Fine Arts, Geography and Maps, Law, Manuscripts,

Motion Pictures, Prints and Photographs, Newspapers and Current Periodicals.

When the two buildings are restored and renovated and added to the Madison Building and the above plan fulfilled, the Library of Congress "Multimedia Encyclopedia" will be an instrument of research for intellectual exploration and for the retrieval of knowledge and information unequaled anywhere on earth.

Thank you.

Mr. BENJAMIN. Do you think the same orations will be made on April 24th with the opening of the James Madison Memorial Building that were made back there in 1897?

Dr. BOORSTIN. I don't know how many people will still imagine themselves ever coming before the judgment seat of God, but with that variant it is possible that some reverent souls might express that view. We would hope so. We would like people to feel that way about our Library.

PLAN FOR RESTORATION OF BUILDINGS

Mr. BENJAMIN. There is $7 million requested for the beginning of the renovation and restoration of the Main and Jefferson Buildings. Last year the initial request was for $3.25 million. The committee allowed $250,000 and directed that a complete and comprehensive plan be developed so that the total cost and schedule would be known. Has the plan been developed? What are the main components of the plan, and what will the total cost be, and how long will it take to complete?

Mr. WELSH. I will begin to answer that question and then Mr. White will respond, Mr. Benjamin. We did develop the plan. We have presented the plan to your committee. It looks like this (showing published plan). It is a long-term plan from 1981 through 1985. Mr. White has affixed a total cost of $57 million to it, plus an amount of $3.5 million for additional costs for the Library of Congress.

COORDINATED PLAN DEVELOPED

Mr. WHITE. I might say, Mr. Chairman, that this detailed and diligent investigation was carried out as a result of some of the comments that were made at our hearing last year with regard to a total plan, so that there were no loose ends that we could reasonably foresee that wouldn't be included, so that the committee would be aware of the total dollars that we are talking about. Because we haven't had an opportunity to go further with the funds that were appropriated last year, we are still basing this on schematic information.

We tried as a result of many meetings among many of the people, both in the Library and in my office, to be as conservative as we can, and by conservative I mean to add additional costs where necessary, so that we wouldn't be self-deceptive with regard to the cost. We have added escalation over the period of time in which this is intended to be accomplished. We broke it down on the basis of so many dollars to be expended for each year, beginning with fiscal year '81 and extending all the way through to '87 for the entire program.

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