The original rules for the prevention of collisions on the water were contained in R.S. § 4233, which consisted of 26 rules, R.S. § 4412, which authorized the board of supervising inspectors to establish such regulations to be observed by all steam vessels in passing each other, as they should from time to time deem necessary for safety, and provided that copies of such regulations should be furnished to all of such vessels, to be kept posted up in conspicuous places in such vessels, and R.S. § 4413, which prescribed a penalty for neglecting or willfully refusing to observe the regulations established pursuant to sald section 4412.

The rules prescribed by R.S. § 4233 were superseded as to navigation on the high seas and in all coast waters of the United States, except such as were otherwise provided for, by the adoption of the "Revised International Regulations" by act March 3, 1885, ch. 354, 23 Stat. 438, which rules were superseded by the passage and adoption of act Aug. 19, 1890, ch. 802, 26 Stat. 322, section 1 of which enacted a set of regulations for preventing collisions at sea to be followed by all public and private vessels of the United States upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith, navigable by seagoing vessels.

Act Aug. 19, 1890, ch. 802, § 1, consisted of 31 articles. Section 2 of act Aug. 19, 1890, ch. 802, repealed all laws and parts of laws inconsistent with the regulations for preventing collisions at sea for the navigation of all public and private vessels of the United States upon the high seas, and in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels, prescribed by section 1 of that act.

The rules prescribed by R.S. § 4233, were further superseded as to navigation on the Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters as far east as Montreal by act Feb. 8, 1895, ch. 64, 28 Stat. 645, section 1 of which enacted rules for preventing collisions to be followed in the navigation of all public and private vessels of the United States upon the Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters as far east as Montreal. Section 1 contained 28 articles. Section 2 of the act Feb. 8, 1895, ch. 64, prescribed a fine for violations of the act. Section 3 of the act Feb. 8, 1895, ch. 64, gave the Secretary of the Treasury authority to establish all necessary regulations, not inconsistent with the act, necessary to carry the act into effect, and gave the Board of Supervising Inspectors of the United States authority to establish

such regulations to be observed by all steam vessels in passing each other, not inconsistent with the act, as they should from time to time deem necessary, and provided that the regulations so adopted, when approved by the Secretary of the Treasury, should have the force of law. Section 4 of the act Feb. 8, 1895, ch. 64, repealed all laws or parts of laws, so far as applicable to the navigation of the Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters as far east as Montreal, inconsistent with the rules promulgated by the act.

The rules prescribed by R.S. § 4233, and by R.S. §§ 4412, 4414, and the regulations pursuant thereto, were required to be followed on the harbors, rivers, and inland waters of the United States, and the provisions of said sections were made special rules, duly made by local authority. relative to the nagivation of harbors, rivers, and inland waters, as provided for by article 30 of the act Aug. 19. 1890, ch. 802, § 1, by act Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, § 1, 28 Stat. 672. Section 2 of the act Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, suthorized the Secretary of the Treasury to designate and define by suitable bearing or range with light houses, light vessels, buoys, or coast objects, the lines dividing the high seas from rivers, harbors, and inland waters Section 3 of the act Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, required collectors or other chief officers of the customs to require sail vessels to be furnished with proper signal lights, and prescribed a penalty to be assessed against vessels navigated without complying with the statutes of the United States, or the regulations lawfully made thereunder. Section 4 of the act Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, provided that the words "inland waters" should not be held to include the Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters as far east as Montreal, and provided that the act should not modify or affect the provisions of act Feb. 8, 1895. ch. 64, which was the act prescribing rules for preventing collisions to be followed in the navigation of all public and private vessels upon the Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters as far east as Montreal.

The rules prescribed by R.S. § 4233, were further superseded as to the navigation of all harbors, rivers, and inland waters of the United States, except the Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters as far east as Montreal and the Red River of the North and rivers emptying into the Gulf of Mexico and their tributaries, by act June 7, 1897, ch. 4, 30 Stat. 96, section 1 of which enacted a set of regulations for preventing collisions, to be followed by all vessels navigating all harbors, rivers, and inland waters of the United States. except the Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters as far east as Montreal and the Red River of the North and rivers emptying into the Gulf of Mexico and their tributaries. Said section 1 consisted of 31 ar ticles. Section 2 of the act June 7, 1897, ch. 4, authorized the supervising inspectors of steam-vessels and the Supervising Inspector-General to establish rules to be ob served by steam vessels in passing each other and as to the lights to be carried by ferry-boats and by barges and canal-boats, when in tow of steam-vessels, not inconsistent with the provisions of the act, such rules, when approved by the Secretary of the Treasury, to be special rules duly made by local authority, as provided for by article 30 of the act Aug. 19, 1890, ch. 802, § 1 which article provided that nothing in the rules contained in that act should interfere with the operation of special rules, duly made by local authority, relative to the navi gation of any harbor, river, or inland waters. Section 3 of the act June 7, 1897, ch. 4, prescribed a penalty for violations of the provisions of the act or the regulations established pursuant to section 2. Section 4 of the sc June 7, 1897, ch. 4, also prescribed a penalty to be sessed against vessels navigated without compliance with the provisions of the act. Section 5 of the act June 1897, ch. 4, repealed R.S. §§ 4233, 4412 (with the regul tions made in pursuance thereof, except the rules and regulations for the government of pilots of steamers nsh gating the Red River of the North and rivers emptyin into the Gulf of Mexico and their tributaries, and ex cept the rules for the Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters as far east as Montreal). § 4418 act March 3, 1893, ch. 202, 27 Stat. 557, which amende R.S. §4233, act Feb. 19, 1895, ch. 102, §§ 1, 3, and March 3, 1897, ch. 389, §§ 5, 12, 13, 29 Stat. 689, 690, all amendments thereto in so far as the harbors, rive

I

1.

and inland waters of the United States (except the Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters as far east as Montreal and the Red River of the North and rivers emptying into the Gulf of Mexico, and their tributaries) were concerned.

This legislation resulted in the following situation: Navigation on the high seas was governed by act Aug. 19, 1890, ch. 802, with its amendatory and supplementary acts, which was superseded by act Oct. 11, 1951, ch. 495, formerly set forth in chapter 2 of this title; navigation on all harbors, rivers, and inland waters of the United States, except the Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters as far east as Montreal and the Red River of the North and rivers emptying into the Gulf of Mexico and their tributaries, is governed by act June 7. 1897, ch. 4, as amended, set forth in chapter 3 of this title; navigation on the Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters as far east as Montreal is governed by act Feb. 8, 1895, ch. 64, set forth in chapter 5 of this title; and navigation on the Red River of the North and rivers emptying into the Gulf of Mexico and their tributaries is governed by R.S. § 4233, as amended and supplemented, set forth in chapter 5 of this title.

See, also, notes to sections 154, 241, and 301 of this title. INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1948.

The convention, known as the International Conven#tion for Safety of Life at Sea, was signed at London on June 10, 1948, and was ratified by the United States on April 20, 1949 (see Senate Report No. 838, Sept. 26, 1951, to accompany H.R. 5013, 82nd Cong.). The "International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1948", approved by the 1948 London conference, were adopted by section 6 of Act Oct. 11, 1951, and were classified to former section 144 et seq. of this title.

CHAPTER REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This chapter is referred to in sections 1051, 1053, 1061, 1070, 1072, 1073, 1075, 1076, 1078, 1082, 1083, 1084, 1085, 1086, 1089, 1090, 1091, 1092 of this title.

GENERAL PROVISIONS

§1051. Regulations for preventing collisions at sea; proclamation by President; effective date; publication; applicability.

The President is authorized to proclaim the regulations set forth in sections 1061 to 1094 of this title for preventing collisions involving waterborne craft upon the high seas, and in all waters connected therewith. The effective date of such proclamation shall be not earlier than the date fixed by the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization for application of such regulations by Governments which have agreed to accept them. Such proclamation, together with the regulations, shall be published in the Federal Register and after the ef©fective date specified in such proclamation such =regulations shall have effect as if enacted by statute and shall be followed by all public and private vessels of the United States and by all aircraft of United States registry to the extent therein made applicable. Such regulations shall not apply to the = harbors, rivers, and other inland waters of the United States; to the Great Lakes of North America and their connecting and tributary waters as far east as the lower exit of the Saint Lambert Lock at Montreal in the Province of Quebec, Canada; to the Red River of the North and the rivers emptying into the Gulf of Mexico and their tributaries; nor with respect to aircraft in any territorial waters of the United States. (Pub. L. 88-131, § 1, Sept. 24, 1963, 77 Stat. 194.)

PRIOR PROVISIONS

Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1948, approved by the International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea, 1948, covering substantially the same subject matter included under these rules, were set out as former sections 143 to 147d of this title.

REPEALS; EFFECTIVE DATE; REFERENCES IN OTHER LAWS TO Аст Ост. 11, 1951

Section 3 of Pub. L. 88-131 provided that: "On the date the regulations authorized to be proclaimed under section 1 hereof [section 1051 of this title] take effect, the Act of October 11, 1951 (65 Stat. 406) [sections 143-143b, 144, 145-145n, 146-146k and 147-147d of this title], is repealed and the regulations proclaimed thereunder shall be of no further force or effect. Until such date, nothing herein shall in any way limit, supersede, or repeal any regulations for the prevention of collisions which have heretofore been prescribed by statute, regulation, or rule. Any reference in any other law to the Act of October 11, 1951 (65 Stat. 406), or the regulations proclaimed thereunder, shall be deemed a reference to this Act [this chapter] and the regulations proclaimed

hereunder."

Ex. ORD. No. 11239.

ENFORCEMENT OF CONVENTION FOR SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1960

Ex. Ord. No. 11239, July 31, 1965, 30 F.R. 9671, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 11382, Nov. 28, 1967, 38 F.R. 16247 provided:

WHEREAS under Article of the International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, signed at London on June 17, 1960, ratified by the United States of America, and proclaimed by the President on March 24, 1965 (TIAS 5780), hereinafter sometimes referred to as the Convention, the Government of the United States of America, together with the governments of the other countries which have become parties to the Convention, undertakes to give effect to the provisions of the Convention and of the Regulations annexed thereto, to promulgate all laws, decrees, orders, and regulations, and to take all other steps which may be necessary to give the Convention full and complete effect, so as to insure that. from the point of view of safety of life, a ship is fit for the service for which it is intended; and

WHEREAS it is expedient and necessary, in order that the Government of the United States of America may give full and complete effect to the Convention, that several departments and agencies of the Executive Branch of the Government perform functions and duties thereunder; and

WHEREAS, in accordance with Article XI thereof, the Convention came into force on May 26, 1965:

NOW, THEREFORE, by virtue of the authority vested in me by Section 301 of Title 3 of the United States Code and as President of the United States of America, it is ordered as follows:

SECTION 1. The Secretary of Stai the Secretary of Transportation (acting through the Coast Guard), the Secretary of Commerce (acting through the Weather Bureau), and the Federal Communications Commission. respectively, are hereby directed, in relation to the fulfillment of the obligations undertaken by the Government of the United States of America under the Convention, to perform the functions and duties therein prescribed and undertaken which appertain to the functions and duties which they severally are now authorized or directed by law to perform. Each of the Secretaries and the Commission shall cooperate and assist the others in carrying out the duties imposed by the Convention and by this order.

SEC. 2. The Secretary of Transportation (acting through the Coast Guard), or such other agency as may be authorized by law so to do, shall issue certificates as required by the Convention, and in any case in which a certificate is to include matter which appertains to the functions and duties directed or authorized by law to be performed by the head of any department or agency other than the head of the issuing agency, the head of the issuing agency shall first ascertain from the head of the other department or agency his decision with respect to such matter, and such decision shall be final and binding.

SEC. 3. In the performance of functions and duties described in Sections 1 and 2 of this order, the Secretary of Transportation (acting through the Coast Guard) may avail himself of the services of the American Bureau of Shipping so long as that Bureau is operated in compliance with Section 25 of the Act of June 5, 1920, as amended (46 U.S.C. 881), and may make all necessary provisions for the performance by the Bureau of specified duties undertaken under the Convention and to permit the Bureau to issue cargo ship safety construction certificates to those cargo vessels found to be in compliance with the Convention, which are classed by the Bureau. The Secretary of Transportation (acting through the Coast Guard) shall establish all necessary regulations required to carry out in the most effective manner the provisions of the Convention.

SEC. 4. Whenever the Coast Guard operates as a service in the Navy, the functions to be performed by the Secretary of Transportation (acting through the Coast Guard) under this order shall vest in and be performed by the Secretary of the Navy (acting through the Coast Guard).

SEC. 5. (a) This order supersedes Executive Order No. 10402 of October 30, 1952, entitled "Enforcement of the Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1948," to the extent that the International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea signed at London on June 17, 1960, replaces and abrogates the International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea signed at London on June 10, 1948.

(b) Executive Order No. 7548 of February 5, 1937, entitled "Enforcement of the Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1929," is hereby revoked.

LYNDON B. JOHNSON.

PROC. No. 3632. ENABLING PROCLAMATION Proc. No. 3632, Dec. 29, 1964, 29 F.R. 19167, provided: WHEREAS certain regulations designated as Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1960, were approved by the International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea. 1960, held at London from May 17 to June 17, 1960; and WHEREAS the Act of September 24, 1963 (Public Law 88-131, 77 Stat. 194) [this chapter], hereinafter referred to as the Act, authorizes the President of the United States of America to proclaim those regulations, which are set forth in Section 4 of the Act [sections 1053, 10611094 of this title], and to specify the effective date thereof, the regulations to have effect (after the effective date thus spcified), as if enacted by statute; and

WHEREAS on March 12, 1964, the Government of the United States of America communicated to the InterGovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization, as depository agency, its acceptance of the regulations; and WHEREAS the Government of the United States of America has been notified by the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization, as depository agency, that substantial unanimity has been reached as to the acceptance by interested countries, and that it has fixed September 1, 1965, as the date on and after which the regulations shall be applied by the governments which have accepted them; and

WHEREAS the Act [this chapter] provides that the Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1948 (65 Stat. 406), as proclaimed and made effective as of January 1, 1954, by Proclamation No. 3030 of August 15, 1953, shall be of no further force or effect after the effective date proclaimed for the Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1960.

NOW, THEREFORE, I, LYNDON B. JOHNSON, President of the United States of America, under and by virtue of the authority vested in me by the Act, do hereby proclaim the Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1960, as set forth in Section 4 of the Act [sections 1053, 1061-1094 of this title], which regulations are attached hereto and made a part hereof, and do hereby specify that the effective date thereof shall be September 1, 1965.

Proclamation No. 3030 is superseded effective as of September 1, 1965.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the Seal of the United States of America to be affixed.

DONE at the City of Washington this twenty-ninth day of December in the year of our Lord nineteen [SEAL] hundred and sixty-four, and of the Independence of the United States of America the one hundred and eighty-ninth.

LYNDON B. JOHNSON

§ 1052. Navy and Coast Guard vessels; exemption regarding lights; feasible conformity to requirements; publication; effective date.

Any requirement of such regulations in respect of the number, position, range of visibility, or arc of visibility of the lights required to be displayed by vessels shall not apply to any vessel of the Navy or of the Coast Guard whenever the Secretary of the Navy or the Secretary of Transportation, in the case of Coast Guard vessels operating under the Department of Transportation, or such official as either may designate, shall find or certify that, by reason of special construction, it is not possible for such vessel or class of vessels to comply with such regulations. The lights of any such exempted vessel or class of vessels, however, shall conform as closely to the requirements of the applicable regulations as the Secretary or such official shall find or certify to be feasible. Notice of such findings or certification and of the character and position of the lights prescribed to be displayed on such exempted vessel or class of vessels shall be published in the Federal Register and in the Notice to Mariners and, after the effective date specified in such notice, shall have effect as part of such regulations. (Pub. L. 88-131, § 2, Sept. 24, 1963, 77 Stat. 194.)

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

Secretary of Transportation and Department of Transportation were substituted for Secretary of the Treasury and Department of the Treasury, respectively, pursuant to Pub. L. 89-670, Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 931, which created the Department of Transportation and transferred the Coast Guard to the Department of Transportation and all functions, powers, and duties, relating to the Coast Guard, of the Secretary of the Treasury and of other offices and officers of the Department of the Treasury to the Secretary of Transportation. See section 1655(b) (1) of Title 49, Transportation. Section 1655(b) (2) of Title 49, however, provided that notwithstanding such transfer of functions, the Coast Guard shall operate as part of the Navy in time of war or when the President directs as provided in section 3 of Title 14, Coast Guard.

§ 1053. Designation of regulations.

The regulations authorized to be proclaimed under section 1051 of this title are the Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1960, approved by the International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea, 1960, held at London from May 17, 1960, to June 17. 1960, and are set out in sections 1061 to 1094 of this title. (Pub. L. 88-131, § 4, Sept. 24, 1963, 77

Stat. 195.)

CODIFICATION

Section comprises the opening par. of section 4 of Pub L. 88-131. The remainder of such section 4 set out the regulations (rules) referred to in this section, including preliminary regulations [sections 1075 and 1078 of this title] preceding Rules 15 and 17 [sections 1076 and 1079 of this title] and Annex to Rules [section 1094 of this title] following Rule 31 [section 1093 of this title. Such regulations are set out as sections 1061-1094 of this title.

In the text of the original, "and are set out in sections 1061-1094 of this title.", read "as follows:".

EFFECTIVE DATE

Section effective Sept. 1, 1965, see Proc. No. 3632, Dec. 29, 1964, 29 F.R. 19167, set out as a note under section 1051 of this title.

PRELIMINARY AND DEFINITIONS

§1061. Scope of sections 1061 to 1904 (Rule 1). (a) Watercraft to which applicable.

Sections 1061 to 1094 of this title shall be followed by all vessels and seaplanes upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels, except as provided in section 1092 of this title. Where, as a result of their special construction, it is not possible for seaplanes to comply fully with the provisions of sections 1061 to 1094 of this title specifying the carrying of lights and shapes, these provisions shall be followed as closely as circumstances permit.

(b) Provisions concerning lights; conditions governing compliance.

The provisions of sections 1061 to 1094 of this title concerning lights shall be complied with in all weathers from sunset to sunrise, and during such times no other lights shall be exhibited, except such lights as cannot be mistaken for the prescribed lights or do not impair their visibility or distinctive character, or interfere with the keeping of a proper lookout. The lights prescribed by such sections may also be exhibited from sunrise to sunset in restricted visibility and in all other circumstances when it is deemed necessary.

(c) Definitions.

In sections 1061 to 1094 of this title, except where the context otherwise requires—

(i) the word "vessel" includes every description of water craft, other than a seaplane on the water, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water;

(ii) the word "seaplane" includes a flying boat and any other aircraft designed to manoeuvre on the water;

(iii) the term "power-driven vessel" means any vessel propelled by machinery;

(iv) every power-driven vessel which is under sail and not under power is to be considered a sailing vessel, and every vessel under power, whether under sail or not, is to be considered a power-driven vessel;

(v) a vessel or seaplane on the water is "under way" when she is not at anchor, or made fast to the shore, or aground;

(vi) the term "height above the hull" means height above the uppermost continuous deck;

(vii) the length and breadth of a vessel shall be her length overall and largest breadth;

(viii) the length and span of a seaplane shall be its maximum length and span as shown in its certificate of airworthiness, or as determined by measurement in the absence of such certificate;

(ix) vessels shall be deemed to be in sight of one another only when one can be observed visually from the other;

(x) the word "visible", when applied to lights,

means visible on a dark night with a clear atmosphere;

(xi) the term "short blast" means a blast of about one second's duration;

(xii) the term "prolonged blast" means a blast of from four to six seconds' duration;

(xiii) the word "whistle" means any appliance capable of producing the prescribed short and prolonged blasts;

(xiv) the term “engaged in fishing" means fishing with nets, lines or trawls but does not include fishing with trolling lines.

(Pub. L. 88-131, § 4, Sept. 24, 1963, 77 Stat. 195.) CODIFICATION

See Historical Note under section 1053 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE

Section effective Sept. 1, 1965, see Proc. No. 3632, Dec. 29, 1964, 29 F.R. 19167, set out as a note under section 1051 of this title.

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in section 1069 of this title. LIGHTS AND SHAPES

§ 1062. Requirements when under way (Rule 2). (a) Power-driven vessels. A power-driven vessel when under way shall

carry

(i) On or in front of the foremast, or if a vessel without a foremast then in the forepart of the vessel, a white light so constructed as to show an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 225 degrees (20 points of the compass), so fixed as to show the light 1121⁄2 degrees (10 points) on each side of the vessel, that is, from right ahead to 221⁄2 degrees (2 points) abaft the beam on either side, and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least 5 miles.

(ii) Either forward or abaft the white light prescribed in clause (i) of this subsection a second white light similar in construction and character to that light. Vessels of less than 150 feet in length shall not be required to carry this second white light but may do so.

(iii) These two white lights shall be so placed in a line with and over the keel that one shall be at least 15 feet higher than the other and in such a position that the forward light shall always be shown lower than the after one. The horizontal distance between the two white lights shall be at least three times the vertical distance. The lower of these two white lights or, if only one is carried, then that light, shall be placed at a height above the hull of not less than 20 feet, and, if the breadth of the vessel exceeds 20 feet, then at a height above the hull not less than such breadth, so however that the light need not be placed at a greater height above the hull than 40 feet. In all circumstances the light or lights, as the case may be, shall be so placed as to be clear of and above all other lights and obstructing superstructures.

(iv) On the starboard side a green light so constructed as to show an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 1121⁄2 degrees (10 points of the compass), so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 221⁄2 degrees (2 points) abaft

the beam on the starboard side, and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least 2 miles.

(v) On the port side a red light so constructed as to show an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 1121⁄2 degrees (10 points of the compass), so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 221⁄2 degrees (2 points) abaft the beam on the port side, and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least 2 miles.

(vi) The said green and red sidelights shall be fitted with inboard screens projecting at least 3 feet forward from the light, so as to prevent these lights from being seen across the bows. (b) Seaplanes.

A seaplane under way on the water shall carry(1) In the forepart amidships where it can best be seen a white light, so constructed as to show an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 220 degrees of the compass, so fixed as to show the light 110 degrees on each side of the seaplane, namely, from right ahead to 20 degrees abaft the beam on either side, and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least 3 miles. (li) On the right or starboard wing tip a green light, so constructed as to show an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 110 degrees of the compass, so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 20 degrees abaft the beam on the starboard side, and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least 2 miles.

(iii) On the left or port wing tip a red light, so constructed as to show an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 110 degrees of the compass, so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 20 degrees abaft the beam on the port side, and of such a character as to be visible at a distance of at least 2 miles.

(Pub. L. 88-131, § 4, Sept. 24, 1963, 77 Stat. 196.)

CODIFICATION

See Historical Note under section 1053 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE

Section effective Sept. 1, 1965, see Proc. No. 3632, Dec. 29, 1964, 29 F.R. 19167, set out as a note under section 1051 of this title.

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in sections 1063, 1064, 1065, 1067, 1068, 1069 of this title.

§ 1063. Towing or pushing other vessels or seaplanes (Rule 3).

(a) A power-driven vessel when towing or pushing another vessel or seaplane shall, in addition to her sidelights, carry two white lights in a vertical line one over the other, not less than 6 feet apart, and when towing and the length of the tow, measuring from the stern of the towing vessel to the stern of the last vessel towed, exceeds 600 feet, shall carry three white lights in a vertical line one over the other, so that the upper and lower lights shall be the same distance from, and not less than 6 feet above or below, the middle light. Each of these lights shall be of the same construction and character and one of them shall be carried in the same position as the white light prescribed in section 1062 (a) (i) of this title. None of these lights shall be

carried at a height of less than 14 feet above the hull. In a vessel with a single mast, such lights may be carried on the mast.

(b) The towing vessel shall also show either the stern light prescribed in section 1070 of this title or in lieu of that light a small white light abaft the funnel or aftermast for the tow to steer by, but such light shall not be visible forward of the beam.

(c) Between sunrise and sunset a power driven vessel engaged in towing, if the length of tow exceeds 600 feet, shall carry, where it can best be seen, a black diamond shape at least 2 feet in diameter.

(d) A seaplane on the water, when towing one or more seaplanes or vessels, shall carry the lights prescribed in section 1062(b) (i), (ii), and (iii) of this title; and, in addition, she shall carry a second white light of the same construction and character as the white light prescribed in section 1062 (b) (i) of this title, and in a vertical line at least 6 feet above or below such light. (Pub. L. 88-131, § 4, Sept. 24, 1963, 77 Stat. 197.)

CODIFICATION

See Historical Note under section 1053 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE

Section effective Sept. 1, 1965, see Proc. No. 3632, Dec. 29, 1964, 29 F.R. 19167, set out as a note under section 1051 of this title.

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in sections 1065, 1067 of this title.

§ 1064. Vessels and seaplanes not under command, and vessels engaged in certain operations (Rule 4). (a) A vessel which is not under command shall carry, where they can best be seen, and, if a powerdriven vessel, in lieu of the lights prescribed in section 1062(a) (i) and (ii) of this title, two red lights in a vertical line one over the other not less than 6 feet apart, and of such a character as to be visible all round the horizon at a distance of at least 2 miles. By day, she shall carry in a vertical line one over the other not less than 6 feet apart, where they can best be seen, two black balls or shapes each not less than 2 feet in diameter.

(b) A seaplane on the water which is not under command may carry, where they can best be seen, and in lieu of the light prescribed in section 1062(b) (i) of this title, two red lights in a vertical line, one over the other, not less than 3 feet apart. and of such a character as to be visible all round the horizon at a distance of at least 2 miles, and may by day carry in a vertical line one over the other not less than 3 feet apart, where they can best be seen, two black balls or shapes, each not less than 2 feet in diameter.

(c) A vessel engaged in laying or in picking up a submarine cable or navigation mark, or a vessel engaged in surveying or underwater operations, or a vessel engaged in replenishment at sea, or in the launching or recovery of aircraft when from the nature of her work she is unable to get out of the way of approaching vessels, shall carry, in lieu of the lights prescribed in section 1062 (a) (i) and (D) or section 1067 (a) (i) of this title, three lights in s vertical line one over the other so that the upper