Number of households where toilet is used by each specified number of households, by general nativity and race of head of household.- Tables 26, 80, 129, 181, 238, 293, 342, 389.

Each household is here classified according to the number of households which use the toilet or toilets to which it has access.

Number of apartments where care is good, fair, etc., by general nativity and race of head of household.-Tables 27, 81, 130, 182, 239, 294, 343, 390.

Apartments are here classified under four heads, according to the degree of cleanliness and order which characterized them at the time the schedule was taken. Apartments classified as "good" were both neat and clean; apartments marked "fair" were clean, but in disorder; apartments marked "bad" and "very bad" were dirty and in disorder, and the two classes differ only in degree.

Number of families owning home, renting, boarding, etc., by general nativity and race of head of family.-Tables 28, 82, 131, 183, 240, 295, 344, 391.

These tables show for all families studied the number owning their homes, the number renting homes, the number boarding, and the number lodging. The few dependent families are included in the miscellaneous class "in other conditions." The data are presented by general nativity and race of head of family.

Number of households paying each specified rent per month per apartment, by general nativity and race of head of household.-Tables 29, 83, 132, 184, 241, 296, 345, 392.

In these tables appear only the renting households which report the rent paid for the unfurnished rooms which they use for living purposes. The following classes are thus excluded from these tables:

1. Households which rent apartment furnished.

2. Households which pay an undivided sum for apartment and place of business.

3. Resident landlords who pay an undivided sum for the apartment they occupy and other apartments which they sublet.

Number of households paying each specified rent per month per room, by general nativity and race of head of household.-Tables 30, 84, 133, 185, 242, 297, 346, 393.

The households included in these tables are the same as in Tables 29, 83, 132, 184, 241, 296, 345, 392.

Number of households paying each specified rent per month per person, by general nativity and race of head of household. Tables 31, 85, 134, 186, 243, 298, 347, 394.

The households included in these tables are the same as in Tables 29, 83, 132, 184, 241, 296, 345, 392.

Number of foreign-born male heads of households 16 years of age or over at time of coming to the United States, who were engaged in farming abroad, by race of individual.-Tables 32, 86, 135, 187, 244, 299, 348, 395.

These tables show the number of foreign-born male heads of households who were old enough at the time of their first arrival in the United States to have had an occupation abroad and the number who report such occupation as farming or farm labor.

Occupation in detail of heads of households, by sex and general nativity and race of individual.-Tables 33, 87. 136, 188, 245, 300, 349.

Heads of households are here classified according to the occupation followed within the year ending with the taking of the schedule. No attempt is made at classification of occupations beyond a separation on the basis of wages and profits. Wherever both profit earners and wage earners occur in the same occupation they are designated as proprietors and employees, respectively. Wherever there is no such designation the occupation is that of a wage earner, except in cases where the name of the occupation clearly indicates proprietorship, as, for example, " contractor.'

Number of males 16 years of age or over in each specified industry, by general nativity and race of individual.-Tables 34, 88, 137, 189, 246, 301, 350, 396.

These tables classify the males 16 years of age or over who have had employment within the year ending with the taking of the schedule, according to the industry in which they have been employed, and also show the number at home and at school.

The main headings used in these tables follow the classification of the United States Census with the following modifications: General labor is here separated from domestic and personal service; fishing, mining, and quarrying are separated from manufacturing and mechanical pursuits; trade and transportation are distinct from each other. The headings as here used are:

1. Agricultural pursuits.

2. Domestic and personal service.

3. Manufacturing and mechanical pursuits.

4. Mining (including quarrying).

5. General labor.

6. Professional service.

7. Trade.

8. Transportation.

9. Fishing.

The term "Domestic and personal service" includes besides domestic servants certain classes of persons not professional who serve the general public, such as policemen, city firemen, and employees at places of amusement.

Number of females 16 years of age or over in each specified industry, by general nativity and race of individual.-Tables 35, 89, 138, 190, 247, 302, 351, 397.

These tables are similar to Tables 34, 88, 137, 189, 246, 301, 350, 396, relating to males.

General occupation of persons under 16 years of age, by sex, age groups, and general nativity and race of individual.-Tables 36, 90, 139, 191, 248, 303, 352, 398.

These tables show the number of children, male and female, under 6 years of age, 6 to 13 years of age, and 13 and 14 years of age, and further show for each age group the number of children at home, at school, and at work. The few children who were found with employment outside of school hours are tabulated here as at school, and the few children who were found working through the day and attending night school are here entered as at work.

Yearly earnings (approximate) of males 18 years of age or over, by general nativity and race of individual.-Tables 37, 91, 140, 192, 249, 304, 353, 399.

Male wage-earners are here classified according to the amount of their earnings for the year ending at the time of the agent's visit.

Persons who receive board and lodging in addition to a money wage and persons who receive tips or other perquisites over and above a stipulated wage are not included in these tables.

Yearly earnings (approximate) of females 18 years of age or over, by general nativity and race of individual.—Tables 38, 92, 141, 193, 250, 305, 354, 400.

These tables are similar to Tables 37, 91, 140, 192, 249, 304, 353, 399, which relate to earnings of males.

Amount of family income per year, by general nativity and race of head of family.-Tables 39, 93, 142, 194, 251, 306, 355.

These tables, with the three which follow, form a study of family incomes. The information relative to income was secured for the year ending at the time of the agent's visit.

In the "selection of families" for the compilation of data concerning family income the following classes are omitted:

1. Families established less than one year.

2. Families living two or more per household under complicated financial arrangements, so that exact incomes from sources within the household are uncertain.

3. Families with earnings or contributions representing entire earnings of members who are profit earners or whose net earnings for any other reason are uncertain. That part of the income represented by earnings is net.

The families included in the study are here classified according to the amount of total income for the year from all sources. In some cases the incomes appearing here are gross. The proportion of such - cases may be roughly ascertained from Tables 41, 95, 144, 196, 253, 308, 357.

Number of families having an income within the year from husband, wife, children, boarders or lodgers, and other sources, by general nativity and race of head of family.-Tables 40, 94, 143, 195, 252, 307, 356, 401.

The families included in these tables are the same as in Tables 39, 93, 142, 194, 251, 306, 355. The sources of income of the family within the year are shown separately in these tables, each family being counted as many times as it has sources of income. The principal items under "Öther sources" are (1) receipts from investments, which, in the great majority of cases, are in the form of rentals, and (2) contributions of friends or relatives, who pay either more or less than the rates of boarders or lodgers. Attention is called to the fact that the family may have had income from some source-for example, from boarders or lodgers-within the year, but not at the time the schedule was taken.

Source of family income in detail, by general nativity and race of head of family.-Tables 41, 95, 144, 196, 253, 308, 357.

The families included in these tables are the same as in Tables 39, 93, 142, 194, 251, 306, 355. They are classified here according to the source or combination of sources upon which the family has been wholly dependent for income within the year ending with the taking of the schedule. The four items which make up all incomes except those listed in the last column of the table are earnings of

a Earnings of children appear in the incomes of families in Buffalo, Chicago, New York, and Philadelphia; contributions of children appear in the incomes of families in Boston, Cleveland, and Milwaukee,

husband, earnings of wife, earnings or contributions of children, and payments of boarders or lodgers. It will be noted that all families deriving their entire income from husband, wife, and children have a net income, and that all incomes, including the payments of boarders or lodgers, are gross; also that all families having any part of their income from money invested appear in the last column of these tables.

Number of male heads of families earning each specified amount per year, by general nativity and race of individual.-Tables 42, 96, 145, 197, 254, 309, 358, 402.

The families included in these tables are the same as in Tables 39, 93, 142, 194, 251, 306, 355. "Husbands" in the two preceding tables are here classified according to the amount of their earnings for the year. Practically all these heads of families are also heads of households.

Number of family households which have spent whole time in apartment, neighborhood, and city, by length of time established in the United States and by general nativity and race of head of household.-Tables 43, 97, 146, 198, 255, 310, 359, 403.

These tables classify family households according to the number of years established in the United States, and further classify the households of each group according to whether their entire residence has been in the apartment, the neighborhood, or the city of their present residence. The length of time established in the United States is, for families formed in the United States, the number of years since marriage, and for families formed abroad, the number of years the family has resided in the United States.

Ability to speak English of male heads of households, by general nativity and race of individual.-Tables 44, 98, 147, 199, 256, 311, 360, 404.

These tables show for all non-English-speaking races the number of male heads of households who can converse fairly well in the English language.

Ability to speak English of females, by general nativity and race of individual.-Tables 99, 148, 312, 361.

These tables show for all non-English-speaking races the number of female heads of households or wives of heads of households who can converse fairly well in the English language.

Ability to speak English of foreign-born male heads of households, by years in the United States and race of individual.-Tables 45, 100, 149, 200, 257, 313, 362, 405.

These tables classify foreign-born male heads of households of non-English-speaking races according to the number of years since their first arrival in the United States and show the number able to speak English in each of the three groups.

Ability to speak English of foreign-born male heads of households, by age at time of coming to the United States and race of individual.-Tables 46, 101, 150, 201, 258, 314, 363, 406.

Earnings of children appear in the incomes of families in Buffalo, Chicago, New York, and Philadelphia; contributions of children appear in the incomes of families in Boston, Cleveland, and Milwaukee.

25608°-VOL 27-11-2

These tables classify foreign-born male heads of households of nonEnglish-speaking races according to whether they were under 14 years of age or 14 years of age or over at the time of their first arrival in the United States and show the number able to speak English in each of the two groups.

Ability to speak English of persons 6 years of age or over, by sex and general nativity and race of individual.—Tables 47, 202, 259. These tables are similar to Tables 44, 98, 147, 199, 256, 311, 360, 404, relating to male heads of households.

Ability to speak English of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over, by sex, years in the United States, and race of individual. Tables 48, 203, 260.

These tables are similar to Tables 45, 100, 149, 200, 257, 313, 362, 405, relating to male heads of households.

Ability to speak English of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over, by sex, age at time of coming to the United States, and race of individual.-Tables 49, 204, 261.

These tables are similar to Tables 46, 101, 150, 201, 258, 314, 363, 406, relating to male heads of households.

Literacy of male heads of households, by general nativity and race of individual.-Tables 50, 102, 151, 205, 262, 315, 364, 407.

These tables show the number of male heads of households who read some language, and the number who both read and write some language.

Literacy of females, by general nativity and race of individual.—

Tables 103, 152, 316, 365.

These tables show the number of female heads of households and wives of heads who read some language, and the number who both read and write some language.

Literacy of foreign-born male heads of households, by years in the United States and race of individual.-Tables 51, 104, 153, 206, 263, 317, 366, 408.

These tables classify foreign-born male heads of households according to the number of years since their first arrival in the United States, and show the number able to read some language and the number able both to read and to write some language, in each of the three groups.

Literacy of foreign-born male heads of households, by age at time of coming to the United States and race of individual.-Tables 52, 105, 154, 207, 264, 318, 367, 409.

These tables classify foreign-born male heads of households according to whether they were under 14 years of age, or 14 years of age or over at the time of their first arrival in the United States, and show the number able to read some language and the number able both to read and to write some language in each of the groups. Literacy of persons 10 years of age or over, by sex and general nativity and race of individual.-Tables 53, 208, 265.

These tables are similar to Tables 50, 102, 151, 205, 262, 315, 364, 407, relating to male heads of households.

Literacy of foreign-born persons 10 years of age or over, by sex, years in the United States, and race of individual.-Tables 54, 209,

266.