connected in each parallel series, nor to any particular angle from the perpendicular, at which the suspending rods shall be placed; but, that which I do claim as my invention, is the construction of a chain to be applied to the purposes of suspension, which shall diminish in breadth and weight as it recedes from the point or points of suspension; also the construction of a bridge or other suspended erection by means of such chains, in connexion with inclined suspension rods, supporting the platform or horizontal part of such erection; likewise the manner of bracing the parts together by transverse bow and string tie-beams, and the mode of adjustment by the ball and socket connexions."[Inrolled in the Rolls Chapel Office, December, 1836.]

Specification drawn by Messrs. Newton and Berry.

TO JOHN CHANTER, of Stamford-street, Blackfriars, in the county of Surrey, gentleman, and WILLIAM WITTY, of Basford Cottage, near Newcastle, in the county of Stafford, engineer, for their invention of an improved method or improved methods of abstracting heat from steam or other vapours and fluids, applicable to stills, breweries, and other useful purposes.—[Sealed 26th July, 1834.]

THIS is a refrigerating apparatus for condensing vapours or cooling worts, consisting of a series of narrow chambers or vessels, through which a current of cold water is made to flow; and between these vessels or chambers the vapour to be condensed or the liquor to be cooled is made to pass in an opposite direction.

It will, from this slight description, be immediately

perceived that the principles on which this apparatus is founded, are the same as those of many other refrigerators that have preceded it; whatever novelty, therefore, this suggested improvement may present, must be looked for in the form of the apparatus alone.

Plate I., fig. 7, represents a section of the refrigerating apparatus, consisting of a series of very thin or narrow vessels or chambers of rectangular shapes, as seen at a, a, formed by thin plates of tinned copper, rivetted together. These vessels are placed side by side at the distance of about a quarter of an inch apart, and are kept from actual contact by small round studs.

The series of vessels are mounted in a wooden vat b, b, having a false bottom, and at the back part there are a series of flat pipes b, which severally communicate with the interiors of the respective vessels at their lower parts. These pipes are supplied with cold water from the cistern c, which water flows through the vessels a, in the direction of the arrow, and passes off at top by a tube d, into the chamber e, whence it flows away by a waste pipe.

The vapour to be condensed or liquor to be cooled is admitted into the apparatus by a pipe leading into the chamber ƒ, and from thence it flows downwards through the spaces between the several chambers a, and discharges itself through the false bottom into the chamber g, and proceeds by the pipe h, into a receiving vessel.

A modification of this contrivance is proposed, consisting of a series of cylindrical tubes fixed in a frame, each having a lesser tube within it. The cold water is made to pass upwards through the spaces between the outer and inner tubes, and the vapour or wort to pass downwards through the internal tubes, thereby causing the hot liquor or vapour to transfer its heat to the cold water, which is discharged at a temperature nearly

equal to that of the liquor or vapour when it enters the apparatus.

These contrivances are proposed, firstly, for condensing the spirituous vapours emitted from distillation; secondly, for cooling brewer's worts and distiller's wash,. or other liquors; and, thirdly, for condensing the eduction steam of an engine. The principal advantage that appears to be proposed by the Patentees, is the facility of separating the parts of the apparatus for cleaning and repairs.

A refrigerator, constructed with extended narrow passages between thin plates, in which the cold water flows in one direction, and the hot vapour or liquor in the opposite direction, formed the subject of a patent granted to James Yandal, in August, 1826; (see the thirteenth volume of our First Series, p. 65;) and a condenser constructed of tubes, through which steam or other vapours passed in one direction, while cold water passed in the opposite direction, for the purpose of condensing the former, and thereby beating the latter, constituted part of a patent granted to Dr. Church, September, 1833. (See our present Conjoined Series, vol. iv. p. 233.)-[Inrolled in the Inrolment Office, January, 1835.]

To THOMAS ELLIS, of Stamford hill, in the county of - Middlesex, Esq., and THOMAS BURR, of Shrewsbury, in the county of Salop, plumber, for their invention of improvements in the manufacture of sheets and pipes, or tubes, and other articles of lead and other metal.[Sealed 24th November, 1836.]

THIS invention consists of improvements in that mode of manufacturing tubes, for which a patent was for