SIZE OF APARTMENTS OCCUPIED.

The range in the size of the apartments occupied by households is indicated by the following table. This table shows, by general nativity and race of head of household, the percentage of households occupying apartments of each specified number of rooms:

TABLE 45.—Per cent of households occupying apartments of each specified number of rooms, by general nativity and race of head of household.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 20 or more households reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

The preceding table shows the highest per cent of households occupying apartments of 5, 6, and 7 or more rooms. A considerably smaller proportion occupy apartments of 4 rooms, while the percentage occupying apartments of 2 and 3 rooms is very small. The foreign-born report a very small proportion occupying apartments of 2 rooms, while those native-born of native father and native-born of foreign father report no households in apartments of that size. Native-born of foreign father report the highest percentage of households occupying apartments of 3 rooms. Foreign-born report the highest percentage of households in apartments of 4 rooms. Those native-born of native father show the highest percentage in apartments of 5 rooms. Native-born of foreign father report the highest percentage of households in apartments of 6 rooms. The percentage of households classed as native-born of foreign father in apartments of 7 or more rooms is very much higher than that of native-born of native father or foreign-born, who follow in the order named. Among the foreign-born races, Armenians alone show a percentage of households occupying apartments of 2 rooms; this race also reports the greatest proportion of households in apartments of 3 or 4 rooms, the Danes showing no households in apartments of 3 rooms, and Germans the lowest percentage of households occupying apartments of 4 rooms. The Danes report the highest percentage of households in apartments of 5 and 6 rooms, and English and Irish show a much higher percentage of households occupying apartments of 7 or more rooms than any of the other races given.

SIZE OF HOUSEHOLDS STUDIED.

The range in the size of households studied is exhibited by the following table, which shows, according to general nativity and race of head of household, the percentage of households of each specified number of persons.

TABLE 46.-Per cent of households of each specified number of persons, by general nativity and race of head of household.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 20 or more households reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

The preceding table shows the highest percentage of households as composed of 2, 3, and 4 persons. A considerable proportion are made up of 5 persons, while the percentage of households of 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 or more persons is small. Native-born of native father report a considerably higher percentage of households of 2 and 3 persons than either native-born of foreign father or foreign-born. Foreignborn show the highest percentage of households composed of 4 persons. Households native-born of foreign father report a considerably larger proportion of their number composed of 5 persons than do the foreignborn or native-born of native father. Foreign-born also report a greater proportion of households of 6 and 7 persons than native-born of foreign father or native-born of native father, who follow in the order named. Native-born of foreign father report a slightly higher proportion of households of 8 persons than native-born of native father or foreign-born, who follow in decreasing ratio. No households native-born of native father or native-born of foreign father are composed of 9 persons, while the foreign-born show a very small percentage of households of that size. Native-born of foreign father report a small percentage of households made up of 10 or more persons, while foreign-born and native-born of foreign father show no households composed of 10 or more persons. Of the foreign-born races it is noticeable that the English, Irish, and Danish households are composed of a somewhat smaller number of persons than those of Armenian and German.

CONGESTION.

The extent to which crowding prevails in the households of employees of the collar and cuff manufacturing industry has been indicated in the preceding tables. In the following series of tables the degree of congestion and its effect upon living arrangements are more directly set forth. The first table presented shows, by general nativity and race of head of household, the average number of persons in apartments of each specified number of rooms.

TABLE 47.-Average number of persons in apartments of each specified number of rooms, by general nativity and race of head of household.

The above table shows 3.67 persons in apartments of 3 rooms, 3.08 persons in apartments of 4 rooms, 3.65 persons in apartments of 5 rooms, 4.03 persons in apartments of 6 rooms, and 4.34 persons in apartments of 7 or more rooms. The foreign-born households show a higher average number of persons in apartments of each specified number of rooms than do the native-born of native father, while native-born of foreign father report a higher average number of persons in apartments of 6 rooms than do the foreign-born. The foreignborn report a higher average number of persons in apartments of 7 or more rooms than do the native-born of foreign father. The totals of the above table show that households native-born of foreign father have the highest average number of persons per apartment, followed by foreign-born and native-born of native father, in the order named. Of the native-born of foreign father, the Germans report a higher average number of persons per apartment than Irish. Of the foreignborn races, it is noticeable that Armenians, Germans, and Danes show more than 4 persons per apartment, while English and Irish show less than this number.

The following table presents, by general nativity and race of head of household, the average number of persons per apartment, per room, and per sleeping room:

TABLE 48.-Average number of persons per apartment, per room, and per sleeping room, by general nativity and race of head of household.

The totals of the preceding table show 385 persons per 100 apartments, 69 persons per 100 rooms, and 170 persons per 100 sleeping rooms. Households native-born of foreign father report the highest average number of persons per apartment, followed in the order named by foreign-born and native-born of native father. Foreignborn households report the highest number of persons per room, followed by native-born of foreign father, while native-born of native father show considerably smaller proportions than those just mentioned. Foreign-born also report the highest average number of persons per sleeping room, followed by the native-born of foreign father and native-born of native father in the order mentioned. Among the native-born of foreign father the Germans show a higher average number of persons per apartment, per room, and per sleeping room than the Irish. Armenians show a considerably higher average number of persons per apartment than the other races given, while English report the lowest. Armenians continue to show the highest average number of persons per room and also per sleeping room, English showing the lowest average number of persons per room and the Danes the lowest per sleeping room.

The following table presents the number of persons reported per room, by general nativity and race of head of household:

TABLE 49.-Persons per room, by general nativity and race of head of household.

The foregoing table shows the average number of persons to be 69 per 100 rooms, 21.6 per cent of households showing 1 or more persons per room, and 0.8 per cent showing 2 or more persons per room. Foreign-born households report a considerably higher percentage having 1 or more persons per room than do those nativeborn of foreign father, who in turn show a considerably higher per cent than do those native-born of native father. The foreign-born also show a small proportion of households as having 2 or more persons per room, while those native-born of native father and native-born of foreign father report no households as having 2 or more persons per room. The proportion of Armenian households reporting 1 or more persons per room is greatly in excess of that of other races given in the table. The English report a lower proportion of households having 1 or more persons per room than any of the foreign races. The English and German households alone report proportions having 2 or more persons per room.

The table following shows, according to general nativity and race. of head of household, the range in the number of persons per sleeping

room.