58.8

The preceding table includes data for a total of 5,781 persons, male and female, who are 20 years of age or over. Of that total number, per cent are married, 3.5 per cent are widowed, and 37.7 per cent are single. The native-born show a much smaller proportion of married persons and a larger proportion of widowed persons than do the foreign-born. The proportion of married persons is greater among those who are 45 years of age or over than in any other age group. The males show a much larger proportion of married persons than do the females, the proportion of the former who are in that conjugal condition being 67.6 per cent and of the latter 35.5 per cent.

The following table shows by race of husband the per cent of foreign-born husbands who report wife in the United States and the per cent who report wife abroad:

TABLE 115.-Per cent of foreign-born husbands who report wife in the United States and per cent who report wife abroad, by race of husband.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[This table includes only races with 40 or more husbands reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign

Of 2,403 husbands 88.2 per cent report wife in the United States and 11.8 per cent report wife abroad. All the Germans report wives in the United States, while only 76.1 per cent of the Polish wives are here and 23.9 per cent are abroad. Next to the Poles comes the Russians, with 76.8 per cent of wives in the United States and 23.2 per cent abroad. The South Italians show 17.3 per cent and the Russian Hebrews, Lithuanians, North Italians, and Hebrews other than Russian show about 10 per cent of wives abroad.

The tendency on the part of married male employees who came without their wives to send for them after specified periods of residence in this country is set forth in the table next presented. It shows by race of husband and by years husband has been in the United States the percentage of foreign-born husbands who report wife abroad.

TABLE 116.—Per cent of foreign-born husbands who report wife abroad, by race of husband and by years husband has been in the United States.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. This table includes only races with 100 or more husbands reporting.]

This table shows that of the total number of Russian Hebrews, Hebrews other than Russian, North Italian, and South Italian, much larger proportions in each race are shown to have wife abroad among those who have been here under five years than is the case with those who have been here during either five to nine years or ten years or over, the smallest proportion of wives abroad in each race being found in the ten years or over group.

VISITS ABROAD.

The table next presented shows by sex, years in the United States, and race the visits abroad made by foreign-born employees:

TABLE 117.- Visits abroad made by foreign-born employees, by sex, years in the United States, and race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. This table includes only races with 200 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

TABLE 117.-Visits abroad made by foreign-born employees, by sex, years in the United States, and race- -Continued.

This table gives a report from 5,137 persons, of whom 3,554 are males and 1,583 females. Of the grand total, 7.7 per cent are reported as having made one or more visits abroad since coming to the United States. Those who have been in the United States under five years report 3.2 per cent having made one or more visits abroad, those here from five to nine years report 8.6 per cent and those here ten years or over report 11.2 per cent. The North and South Italians report the greatest proportion, regardless of time of residence in the United States, who have made one or more trips abroad, while considerably smaller proportions are shown for the Russian and other Hebrews. A larger proportion of males than of females are reported as having made one or more trips abroad. The Russian Hebrews exhibit the least tendency to return to their native land. Unlike the others, this race reports more visits abroad made by persons from five to nine years in the United States than by persons ten or more years in this country. No Russian Hebrew females as much as ten years in the United States have ever returned to Russia, and 98.6 per cent of the entire number reporting have made no visits to their native land. The North Italians seem more inclined than the South Italians to revisit Italy during the first five years of their residence here, but the two races report almost identical per cents for the five to nine year period, and the South Italian per cent exceeds the North Italian for those in the country as much as ten years.

AGE CLASSIFICATION OF EMPLOYEES.

The age characteristics of the employees are set forth in the following table which shows by sex and general nativity and race the percentage of employees who were within each specified age group.

48296°--VOL 11-11-26

TABLE 118.-Per cent of employees within each age group, by sex and general nativity

and race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[This table includes only races with 80 or more persons reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

This table shows data for 7,134 persons, of whom 18.2 per cent are from 14 to 19 years of age; 24.2 per cent from 20 to 24 years of age; 16.3 per cent from 25 to 29 years of age; 11.5 per cent from 30 to 34; 18.1 per cent from 35 to 44; 9 per cent from 45 to 54, and 2.7 per cent are 55 years of age or over. It will be noted that there is no remarkable difference in the proportions of the native-born of native father and the native-born of foreign father and foreign-born in the various age groups.

All of the foreign-born races report a comparatively large proportion who are between 14 and 19 years of age excepting the Germans and Lithuanians, of whom very few are of that age. Each race, excepting the Germans and Magyars, shows between 20 and 30 per cent who are 20 to 24 years of age, also the greatest proportion of every race, excepting Germans and Magyars, are reported to be under 30 years of age. Over 20 per cent of Magyars, Germans, Russians, Hebrews other than Russian, and Lithuanians, and 19.1 per cent of Russian Hebrews, and about 15 per cent of Poles and North and South Italians are between 35 and 44 years of age. The greatest proportion of Germans are shown to be 45 years of age or over, and 22.4 per cent of that race are 55 years of age or over. Only small proportions of the other races are found in this last mentioned age group; in fact, less than 5 per cent of any race. It is seen that a much greater proportion of females are from 14 to 19 and from 20 to 24 years of age than is recorded for the males, but in each other age group the males show a larger proportion than the females. This general observation holds good as to all races, there being a decidedly greater proportion of the females of each race, excepting the Germans, under 25 years

of age.