PART III. THE CIGAR AND TOBACCO MANUFACTURING

INDUSTRY IN THE MIDDLE WEST.

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PART III.-THE CIGAR AND TOBACCO MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY IN THE MIDDLE WEST.

CHAPTER I.

INTRODUCTION.

Explanation of study-Employees for whom information was secured-[Text Table 68 and General Table 33].

EXPLANATION OF STUDY.

The statistical basis of Part II consists of the data secured for employees of cigar and tobacco factories located in the States of Ohio, Illinois, Missouri, and Wisconsin. Historical and descriptive data have also been added showing the racial movements to and working conditions in the establishments of the Middle West.

EMPLOYEES FOR WHOM INFORMATION WAS SECURED.

The extent of the information secured in the Middle West is exhibited by the following table which shows by sex the number and percentage of employees of each race for whom information was obtained:

TABLE 68.-Employees of each race for whom information was secured, by sex.

TABLE 68.-Employees for each race for whom information was secured, by sex— -Cont'd.

CHAPTER II.

RACIAL DISPLACEMENTS.

History of immigration-Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees-Racial classification of employees at the present time-[Text Tables 69 to 73 and General Table 34.]

HISTORY OF IMMIGRATION.

Data showing in detail the history of immigration to the cigar and tobacco industry in the Middle West are, unfortunately, unavailable. The returns of the United States Census Office show, however, the composition of the working force in recent census years, and from this material it is possible to determine, in a general way, the movement of immigration to the industry. In the following table the tobacco, cigar, and cigarette workers in the Middle West in the year 1880 are classified according to country of birth:

TABLE 69.-Number of tobacco, cigar, and cigarette workers in the Middle West, by country of birth, in 1880.

[Compiled from Census of 1880-Population (cf. Occupations).]

It will be noted from the above table that in 1880, in all the States for which information is given, the native-born workers outnumbered the foreign-born workers. The proportion of native-born workers was considerably larger in Indiana, Missouri, and Ohio than in Illinois or Wisconsin. Among the foreign-born workers in each of the several States persons of German nativity have by far the largest representation. None of the countries of southern or eastern Europe are included in the census classification, and the proportion of employees classified under the caption "Other countries" is comparatively small.

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