Mangrove Ecology, Silviculture and ConservationSpringer Science & Business Media, 29 июн. 2013 г. - Всего страниц: 360 Mangroves are a fascinating group of plants that occur on tropical and subtropical shorelines of all continents, where they are exposed to saltwater inundation, low oxygen levels around their roots, high light and temperature conditions, and periodic tropical storms. Despite these harsh conditions, mangroves may form luxuriant forests which are of significant economic and environmental value throughout the world - they provide coastal protection and underpin fisheries and forestry operations, as well as a range of other human activities. This book provides an up-to-date account of mangrove plants from around the world, together with silvicultural and restoration techniques, and the management requirements of these communities to ensure their sustainability and conservation. |
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... range of units depending on the particular interest ; salinity ( in %% or without units as required by the Practical Salinity Scale ) is commonly used although it is only an approximate , density - based measure of salt concentrations ...
... range , ( 2 ) muddy substrate , ( 3 ) protection from wave action , ( 4 ) access to tidal waters , ( 5 ) tidal range , ( 6 ) ocean currents and ( 7 ) shallow shores . These will be reviewed in turn . According to Walsh ( 1974 ) and ...
... range primarily influences the lateral extent of mangrove development . The greater the tidal range , the more potential habitat becomes available for mangrove communities . For a given tidal range , steep shores tend to have narrower ...
... range of angiosperm strategies to occupy available habitats . To illustrate this point , it is instructive to examine one mangrove , Osbornia octodonta , a member of the Myrtaceae . This plant family contains numerous genera , including ...
... range but which does not include Australia . The third coastal species , C. floribunda K. Schumann , is endemic in New Guinea ( Tomlinson 1986 ) . ARECACEAE ( Palmaceae ) This large family of 212 genera and 2,800 species contains the ...
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11 | |
19 | |
Adapting to the Mangrove Environment | 49 |
Physicochemical Factors and Mangrove Performance | 101 |
Biotic Interactions and Mangrove Performance | 147 |
Mangrove Structure and Classification | 183 |
The Value of Mangroves 207 | 206 |
Mangrove Silviculture and Restoration | 229 |
viii | 249 |
Conservation and Management of Mangroves | 271 |
References | 303 |
Index | 351 |