Mangrove Ecology, Silviculture and ConservationSpringer Science & Business Media, 29 июн. 2013 г. - Всего страниц: 360 Mangroves are a fascinating group of plants that occur on tropical and subtropical shorelines of all continents, where they are exposed to saltwater inundation, low oxygen levels around their roots, high light and temperature conditions, and periodic tropical storms. Despite these harsh conditions, mangroves may form luxuriant forests which are of significant economic and environmental value throughout the world - they provide coastal protection and underpin fisheries and forestry operations, as well as a range of other human activities. This book provides an up-to-date account of mangrove plants from around the world, together with silvicultural and restoration techniques, and the management requirements of these communities to ensure their sustainability and conservation. |
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... Plant - Plant Interactions 5.1.1 Parasitism 5.1.2 Antagonism ( Ammensalism ) 5.1.3 Mutualism 5.1.4 Competition 5.2 Plant - Animal Interactions 122 128 131 137 147 147 147 150 152 154 160 5.2.1 Flowering and Pollination 160 5.2.2 ...
... plant or to an assemblage of plants that contains many species . These two meanings are traditionally used interchangeably ; that tradition , although perhaps initially confusing , is maintained in this book . Where appropriate , the ...
... plant communities around the world ( Table 1.1 ) . The reason for the limited number of species in mangrove communities is fairly transparent . Any plant capable of surviving and growing in areas of shallow , tidally influenced areas ...
... plants and any plants that grow in such situations must either be able to avoid these phytotoxins or have some means to deal with them ( Youssef and Saenger 1998a , 1999 ) . Table 1.1 Continental mangrove areas , together with ...
... Plants Plants Most Saltmarsh Plants Most Headland Upland Plants Plants Fig . 1.6 Conceptual model of the relationship of mangroves to other saline or non- saline swamp communities . In other regions , similar examples of ' almost ...
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11 | |
19 | |
Adapting to the Mangrove Environment | 49 |
Physicochemical Factors and Mangrove Performance | 101 |
Biotic Interactions and Mangrove Performance | 147 |
Mangrove Structure and Classification | 183 |
The Value of Mangroves 207 | 206 |
Mangrove Silviculture and Restoration | 229 |
viii | 249 |
Conservation and Management of Mangroves | 271 |
References | 303 |
Index | 351 |