Mangrove Ecology, Silviculture and ConservationSpringer Science & Business Media, 29 июн. 2013 г. - Всего страниц: 360 Mangroves are a fascinating group of plants that occur on tropical and subtropical shorelines of all continents, where they are exposed to saltwater inundation, low oxygen levels around their roots, high light and temperature conditions, and periodic tropical storms. Despite these harsh conditions, mangroves may form luxuriant forests which are of significant economic and environmental value throughout the world - they provide coastal protection and underpin fisheries and forestry operations, as well as a range of other human activities. This book provides an up-to-date account of mangrove plants from around the world, together with silvicultural and restoration techniques, and the management requirements of these communities to ensure their sustainability and conservation. |
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... increasing latitude and / or aridity on the one hand , and selective removal or loss of species by natural upheavals or human activity on the other . The latitudinal limits of mangrove vegetation on each of the major landmasses ( Table ...
... increasing latitude precedes these latitudinal limits ( Lot et al . 1975 , Saenger and Snedaker 1993 ) . By way of example , the southward attenuation of species on the non - arid east coasts of Africa and Australia is shown in Table ...
... increased flow of a tributary of the Senegal River ( the Ferlo River ) between 6,000 and 2,000 y BP . After 2,000 y BP , there was a sudden onset , without any transitional stages , of modern semi - arid conditions and a concomitant ...
... increased nutrients to the surface in June - August . Its influence is pronounced from western Nigeria to Côte d'Ivoire but it is much reduced west of there . Tides on the Atlantic coast of Africa are of the semi - diurnal type with ...
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Содержание
11 | |
19 | |
Adapting to the Mangrove Environment | 49 |
Physicochemical Factors and Mangrove Performance | 101 |
Biotic Interactions and Mangrove Performance | 147 |
Mangrove Structure and Classification | 183 |
The Value of Mangroves 207 | 206 |
Mangrove Silviculture and Restoration | 229 |
viii | 249 |
Conservation and Management of Mangroves | 271 |
References | 303 |
Index | 351 |