Mangrove Ecology, Silviculture and ConservationSpringer Science & Business Media, 29 июн. 2013 г. - Всего страниц: 360 Mangroves are a fascinating group of plants that occur on tropical and subtropical shorelines of all continents, where they are exposed to saltwater inundation, low oxygen levels around their roots, high light and temperature conditions, and periodic tropical storms. Despite these harsh conditions, mangroves may form luxuriant forests which are of significant economic and environmental value throughout the world - they provide coastal protection and underpin fisheries and forestry operations, as well as a range of other human activities. This book provides an up-to-date account of mangrove plants from around the world, together with silvicultural and restoration techniques, and the management requirements of these communities to ensure their sustainability and conservation. |
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... estuaries and shores behind barrier islands and spits are suitable localities . Nevertheless , mangroves modify the local wave climate ( Mazda et al . 1997a , b ) and it is conceivable that in growing out from a sheltered environment ...
... Estuary in Cameroon where local villagers , who value its thatching properties ( Din 1991 ) , facilitate its dispersal . In Nigeria , various non - governmental organizations ( NGOs ) are currently trying to reduce its spread while in ...
... estuaries that conditions can be described as sheltered . As the amplitude of the waves often exceeds the range of the tides , wave action is relatively more important in determining the presence and vertical extent of mangrove ...
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Содержание
11 | |
19 | |
Adapting to the Mangrove Environment | 49 |
Physicochemical Factors and Mangrove Performance | 101 |
Biotic Interactions and Mangrove Performance | 147 |
Mangrove Structure and Classification | 183 |
The Value of Mangroves 207 | 206 |
Mangrove Silviculture and Restoration | 229 |
viii | 249 |
Conservation and Management of Mangroves | 271 |
References | 303 |
Index | 351 |