Mangrove Ecology, Silviculture and ConservationSpringer Science & Business Media, 29 июн. 2013 г. - Всего страниц: 360 Mangroves are a fascinating group of plants that occur on tropical and subtropical shorelines of all continents, where they are exposed to saltwater inundation, low oxygen levels around their roots, high light and temperature conditions, and periodic tropical storms. Despite these harsh conditions, mangroves may form luxuriant forests which are of significant economic and environmental value throughout the world - they provide coastal protection and underpin fisheries and forestry operations, as well as a range of other human activities. This book provides an up-to-date account of mangrove plants from around the world, together with silvicultural and restoration techniques, and the management requirements of these communities to ensure their sustainability and conservation. |
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... Australia ( south - western Western Australia and Victoria ) and in the North Island of New Zealand appear to be exceptions , regardless of whether air or sea temperatures are used ; these mangroves are discussed in more detail below ...
... Australia ( fig . 1.3 ) . Exceptionally , natural mangroves have been reported from landlocked , tideless areas in Australia ( Beard 1967 ) , in Madagascar ( Weiss 1966 ) , in the Caribbean ( Stoddart et al . 1973 , Lugo 1981 , Vegas ...
... Australia , showing extensive mangrove development in an area of microtides ( < 2 m ) but with an extremely flat topography ( mean slope of 1 : 10,000 ) . For mangroves occurring or planted in atypical habitats , van Steenis ( 1958 ...
... Australia to as far north as Vietnam . Similarly , Melaleuca halmatuorum forms the landward fringe of mangroves in many areas of southern Australia with winter rainfall . LOW WATERLOGGING TOLERANCE MEDIUM HIGH HIGH SALT TOLERANCE MEDIUM ...
... Australia and the Pacific Islands , and C. odollam Gaertner with a similar range but which does not include Australia . The third coastal species , C. floribunda K. Schumann , is endemic in New Guinea ( Tomlinson 1986 ) . ARECACEAE ...
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11 | |
19 | |
Adapting to the Mangrove Environment | 49 |
Physicochemical Factors and Mangrove Performance | 101 |
Biotic Interactions and Mangrove Performance | 147 |
Mangrove Structure and Classification | 183 |
The Value of Mangroves 207 | 206 |
Mangrove Silviculture and Restoration | 229 |
viii | 249 |
Conservation and Management of Mangroves | 271 |
References | 303 |
Index | 351 |