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LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL.
To the Sixty-first Congress:
THE IMMIGRATION COMMISSION, Washington, D. C., December 5, 1910.
I have the honor to transmit herewith, on behalf of the Immigra-
tion Commission, a report in two volumes entitled "Abstracts of
Reports of the Immigration Commission, with Conclusions and Rec-
ommendations and Views of the Minority." In addition to abstracts
of the more extended reports of the Commission, these volumes include
the complete reports on the following subjects: Immigration Con-
ditions in Hawaii; Immigration and Insanity; Immigrants in Charity
Hospitals; Alien Seamen and Stowaways; Contract Labor and Induced
and Assisted Immigration; The Greek Padrone System in the United
States; Peonage.
IV
Respectfully,
WILLIAM P. DILLINGHAM,
Chairman.
CONTENTS.
Page.
Introductory...
1-4
Brief statement of the investigations of the Immigration Commission, with
conclusions and recommendations and views of the minority....
Brief statement of the investigations-
5-49
Views of the minority.
49
Abstract of the statistical review of immigration to the United States, 1820
Financial condition of immigrants.
102
Immigrants who have been in the United States previously.
Destination of immigrants in the United States.
Aliens debarred at United States ports....
Aliens leaving the United States...
Abstract of the report on distribution of immigrants, 1850 to 1900.
104
105
110
112
119-160
Growth of foreign-born population...
Concentration in cities...
123
139
146
148
Illiteracy and ability to speak English...
156
Abstract of the report on emigration conditions in Europe..
161-204
Old and new European immigration.....
166
Attitude of European countries toward emigration..
168
Character of European emigration....
Sex
Age
Occupations of emigrants.
Literacy in Europe..
169
171
172
175
Abstract of the Immigration Commission's dictionary of races or peoples.. 205-283
Abstract of the report on immigrants in manufacturing and mining.....
Scope and method of the investigation-
217
285-541
209
Geographical extent of the investigation....
293
The principal branches of mining and manufacturing studied.
Extent of information secured.
Racial composition of operating forces of mines and manufacturing
establishments at present time
320
Racial composition of the operating forces of 16 selected industries...
Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees
and members of their households...
Principal occupation in this country at the present time of industrial
workers and members of their households..
363
Average weekly earnings according to general nativity and race of
employee
366
Average daily earnings according to general nativity and race of
employee....
370
The range of weekly earnings according to general nativity and race
of employee..
374
The range of daily earnings according to general nativity and race of
employee...
379
Abstract of the report on immigrants in manufacturing and mining-Contd.
Statistical summary of results-Continued.
Average weekly earnings according to industry and general nativity
and race of employee...
383
Average daily earnings according to industry and general nativity
and race of employee.
396
Average daily earnings according to industry and general nativity of
401
Average hourly earnings in the slaughtering and meat-packing indus-
try, according to general nativity and race of employee..
Annual earnings of male heads of families..
403
405
Annual earnings of male wage-earners in the households studied...
407
Annual earnings of female wage-earners in the households studied...
409
Annual family income..
412
Conditions which made possible the extensive employment of recent
immigrants
494
Present day industrial communities..
495
Salient characteristics of the recent immigrant labor supply.
498
Effect of the competition of recent immigrants upon native Americans
and older immigrant employees....
500
Effect of the employment of recent immigrants upon labor organiza-
tions
530
Effect of the employment of recent immigrants upon industrial organ-
ization and methods.
538
Effect of the employment of recent immigrants upon working
relations...
540
Effect of the employment of recent immigrants upon wages and hours
of work...
Effect of the employment of recent immigrants upon the establish-
ment of new industries...
541
Abstract of the report on recent immigrants in agriculture...
Abstract of the report on recent immigrants in agriculture-Continued.
General sociological survey of the immigrants in rural communities from
whom information was secured....
601
Abstract of the report on Japanese and other immigrant races in the Pacific
Coast and Rocky Mountain States..
617-694
Introductory
621
Scope and method of investigation..
625
Assimilation.
Abstract of the report on occupations of the first and second generations of
immigrants in the United States.
General laborers..
768
773-838
778
779
782
783
Agriculture.
Textile-mill operatives.
The building trades..
Clerical pursuits...
Professional service...
Female breadwinners..
Servants and waitresses.
The needle trades...
Clerical pursuits..
Saleswomen...
Teachers..
Table A: Male breadwinners..
Table B: Female breadwinners..
Index
786
788
790
Salesmen, agents, and commercial travelers..
793
795
799
803
804
806
810
813
815
818
821-829
830-838
839-902