Upon reference to the table, it is seen that the households the heads of which were native-born white persons of native father have only 168 boarders or lodgers to each 100 households (based on the number of households keeping boarders and lodgers), and the total number of households the heads of which were native-born whites of foreign father have only 152 boarders or lodgers for each 100 households, as contrasted with 353 boarders or lodgers for each 100 households the heads of which were of foreign birth. Upon comparing the races of recent and past immigration among the households the heads of which were foreign-born, the larger number of boarders or lodgers in the households of the former is at once apparent. The showing made by the principal races of each follows:

TABLE 69.-Old and new immigration compared with respect to number of boarders or lodgers to each 100 households of the foreign-born keeping boarders or lodgers, by race.

Among the races of old immigration, the Germans exhibit by far the largest number of boarders or lodgers per 100 households. Of the races of recent immigration, the Hebrew is the only race approaching the situation among the native-born households. The Greek households show a small average number among those keeping boarders or lodgers, but as practically all Greek households are boarding groups, which class of household does not appear in this table, the showing for the race is more favorable than it would otherwise be.

SIZE OF APARTMENTS.

The table next presented shows, by general nativity and race of head of household, the per cent of households occupying apartments of each specified number of rooms.

TABLE 70.—Per cent of households occupying apartments of each specified number of rooms, by general nativity and race of head of household.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 20 or more households reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

a Including 1 apartment not reporting number of rooms.

The largest proportion, or 31.3 per cent, of the 17,141 households included in the foregoing table occupy apartments of 4 rooms; practically the same proportions, or 19 per cent and 19.6 per cent respectively, occupy apartments of 3 and 5 rooms; 12.4 per cent occupy apartments of 6 rooms; 8.8 per cent and 7.8 per cent, respectively, occupy apartments of 2 and 7 or more rooms; and 1 per cent occupy

apartments of only 1 room. The average number of rooms per apartment is 4.34. It is seen that considerably over 50 per cent of the households the heads of which were either native white of native father or native-born of foreign father, as compared with 36.1 per cent of those the heads of which were foreign-born and only 8.4 per cent of those the heads of which were native negro of native father, occupy apartments of 5 rooms or more, while only 29 per cent of the households the heads of which were native white of native father and 26.4 per cent of those the heads of which were native-born of foreign father, as compared with 63.8 per cent of those households the heads of which were foreign-born and 98 per cent of those the heads of which were native negro of native father, occupy apartments of 4 rooms or less. The proportion of households the heads of which were native negro of native father occupying apartments of 2 rooms is noticeably large (51.4 per cent) as compared with slightly less than 10 per cent of those the heads of which were foreign-born, and less than 5 per cent of those the heads of which were native-born of either native father white or foreign father.

Considering by race the households the heads of which were foreignborn, it is seen that those the heads of which were Bulgarians, Slovenians, or Roumanians, with 33.1, 5.7, and 5.2 per cent, respectively, are the only ones at least 5 per cent of which occupy apartments of 1 room, several races having no households so reported. None of those households the heads of which were Cubans, Danes, Norwegians, Scotch, Spaniards, Swedes, or Turks occupy apartments of less than 3 rooms, and none of those the heads of which were Danes or Turks occupy apartments of less than 4 rooms. Over 50 per cent of the households the heads of which were Armenians, French Canadians, Cubans, Danes, Dutch, English, Germans, Irish, Norwegians, Portuguese, Roumanians, Scotch, Servians, Spaniards, Swedes, Turks, or Welsh occupy apartments of 5 rooms or more; and those the heads of which were Danes, Dutch, Norwegians, Turks, or Welsh show over 50 per cent occupying apartments of 6 rooms or more. Over 25 per cent of the households the heads of which were Dutch, Norwegians, or Turks occupy apartments of 7 or more rooms. None of the households the heads of which were Mexicans, less than 10 per cent of those the heads of which were Russians, and 10.1 per cent and 15.1 per cent, respectively, of those the heads of which were Bulgarians or Slovaks, occupy apartments of 5 or more rooms.

The fact that the households the heads of which were Roumanians or Turks show large proportions occupying apartments of 4 rooms or more may give the idea that these households are commodious. This idea is dispelled to a certain extent by a reference to the table showing the average number of persons per household.

SIZE OF HOUSEHOLDS.

The table next presented shows, by general nativity and race of head of household, the per cent of households of each specified number of persons.

TABLE 71.-Per cent of households of each specified number of persons, by general nativity and race of head of household.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 20 or more households reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

The preceding table shows that, of 17,141 households studied, the largest proportion, or 15.7 per cent, are composed of 4 persons. The proportions of those composed of 5, 3, and 6 persons follow in the order named, while 10.4 per cent are composed of 7 persons, 9.1 per cent of 2 persons, 8.2 per cent of 10 or more persons, 8 per cent of 8 persons, and 5.1 per cent of 9 persons. Only 0.1 per cent are composed of 1 person.

It is seen that the proportion of households composed of each specified number of persons above 5 is largest among those the heads of which were foreign-born, next largest among those the heads of which were native-born of foreign father, and smallest among those the heads of which were native-born of native father, either white or negro; those the heads of which were native white of native father show the smallest proportions composed of 6 or 9 persons, while those the heads of which were native negro of native father show the smallest proportions composed of 7, 8, or 10 or more persons. Less than 1 per cent of the households of each nativity group except native negro of native father, which shows 2 per cent, are composed of 1 person. Considering by race the households the heads of which were foreign-born, it is seen that 67.5 per cent of the Roumanian, 56.5 per cent of the Servian, 42 per cent of the Turkish, 34.7 per cent of the Croatian, and over 15 per cent of the Bulgarian, Greek, Magyar, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Ruthenian, and Slovenian, are composed of 9 or more persons, as compared with less than 5 per cent of the English, Mexican, Swedish, and Syrian households composed of this number of persons, and 5 per cent of those the heads of which were Danish. Less than 10 per cent of the Brava or Flemish households are composed of more than 7 persons, and less than 10 per cent of the French households are composed of more than 6 persons.

CONGESTION.

The following table shows, by general nativity and race of head of household, the average number of persons per apartment, per room, and per sleeping room:

TABLE 72.-Average number of persons per apartment, per room, and per sleeping room, by general nativity and race of head of household.