which may call for a number of special rulings, I firmly believe that in general there should be no restrictions put on the worker respecting the patenting of anything he may develop, and that any feature of an investigation that can be patented should be patented, because if this is not done some unprincipled person may endeavor to take advantage of the opportunity to secure a patent of his own."

INTERDICTION OF NON-AUTHORIZED USE OF ARMS, DECORATIONS, EMBLEMS, FLAGS, INSIGNIA, ETC. LA PROPRIETE INDUSTRIELLE, NOVEMBER 30, 1924.

This article treats of national marks of the kind mentioned in the title and considers them from the international view-point, being chiefly concerned with what has been done in the way of interdicting the use of arms, insignia, emblems, etc. of other nations and what amendments might be made to the Convention for rendering this interdiction more complete and effectual from country to country. There is a very extended and abusive practice by which non-authorized persons make use of this type of arms, flags, etc. of other nations, and this should be repressed, for it constitutes one of the most dangerous forms of unfair competition, one most likely to deceive the public as to the origin of products or metchandise.

A table is given and printed herewith indicating the countries which interdict use of these devices as trademarks; the countries forbidding commercial or industrial use, of these devices other than as trade-marks and the countries forbidding false mention of industrial recom

penses.

Several organizations interested in patent and trademark matters have offered remedies for this situation. The Economic Committee of the League of Nations

desired "the interdiction of registration or use, without special authorization, of public emblems, stamps and analogous marks and signs or parts and imitations of the same as trade-marks.

The French group of the International Association for the Protection of Industrial Property voted in May, 1922, for the following resolution: "The filing of a trademark can be refused or invalidated if the trade-mark which is the object of the filing is considered as contrary to public morals and order; the use of public arms, decorations, official signs and stamps of security adopted by a Unionist nation may be considered as contrary to public order."

The German group of the same association, on May 11 and 12, 1923, while discussing revision of the Convention, expressed the wish to possess a collection of official stamps and similar signs as well as indications of their use.

The International Committee of Industrial and Commercial Property of the International Chamber of Commerce in the course of the meeting at Paris, December 14 and 15, 1923, voted for the following resolution: "The Committee decides to express its approval of paragraph a of Art. 2 of the proposal of the League of Nations relative to the interdiction of unauthorized registration or use of public emblems, official stamps, etc. as trademarks, or their counterfeiting. The committee requests that the French text be amended so as to emphasize that it is intended to interdict inside the country the unauthcrized use of public emblems of other countries as trademarks."

This is one of the important problems which will con front the coming Hague conference. The solution according to this article would be to replace the Protocol of Cloture ad Art. 6 by a disposition amplifying No. 3 of Art. 6 of the text of the Convention (trade-mark) and by a new Art. 10bis which would be more explicit than the present text in regard to unfair competition.

CLASSIFICATION OF LEGISLATION OF THE UNIONIST COUNTRIES RELATING то THE REPRESSION OF
NON-AUTHORIZED USE OF ARMS, DECORATIONS, EMBLEMS, ETC.

Interdiction of the use of arms, em-
blems, etc., as trade-marks

# #3, 4, 24 and 25 of the law of
Jan. 6, 1890 on trade-marks. (Prop.
ind., 1892, p. 43).

Art. 80 of the ruling of Dec. 19,
1923. (Prop. ind., 1924, p. 58)..

Arts. 22, 23 and 43 of the law of
14-27 Jan. 1904 on trade-marks.
(Prop. ind., 1904, p. 74).

Art. 5 of the Spanish decree regulat-
ing the grant of trade-marks in over-
sea colonies, Aug. 21, 1884. (Prop.
ind., 1903, p. 39).

#13 on the law of July 14, 1921
concerning trade-marks. (Prop. ind.,
1921, p. 117).

Art. 1 of the law of Jan. 12, 1915
modifying legislation on trade-
marks. (Prop. ind., 1903, p 39).

Art. 6 of the law of May 16, 1907 on
trade-marks. (Prop. ind., 1908, p.

8).

Art. 43 of said law of Jan. Arts. 22 and 23 of said law 14-27, 1904.

of Jan. 14-27, 1904.

CLASSIFICATION OF LEGISLATION OF THE UNIONIST COUNTRIES RELATING TO THE REPRESSION OF
NON-AUTHORIZED USE OF ARMS, DECORATIONS, EMBLEMS, ETC.

#4 of May 12, 1894 on trade-marks
as modified by Art. III of the law of
March 31, 1913 for the application
of the revised Convention of Paris.
(Prop. ind., 1913, p. 66).

Interdiction of commercial
or industrial use of arms,
emblems, etc., other than
as elements of marks.

Arts. 1 to 3 of the law regu-
lating the manufacture and
sale of seals, postage stamps
and official stamps, of March
20, 1918 (Prop. ind., 1919,
p. 26). Arts. 142 and 143
of the Penal Code of 1810.
(Rec. gen. I, p. 130).

#360 et al. 7 of the Pena!
Code of 1870. ##16 and
20 of the law of May 12,
1894 on trade-marks. (Rec.
I, p. 86; Prop. ind., 1894,
p. 118).

Interdiction of false mention of industrial recompenses

#4 of said law of Jan. 3, 1921.

Art. 1 of the law concerning
usurpation of medals and
industrial recompenses, of
April 30, 1886 (Rec. I, p.
348).

# # 3 and 4 of the law of
June 7, 1909 on unfair com-
petition. (Prop. ind., 1909,
p. 169).