The Cognitive Psychology of KnowledgeG. Strube, K.F. Wender Elsevier, 1993. gada 1. okt. - 452 lappuses The present book is a result of a seven-year (1986-1992) national research program in cognitive science in Germany, presumably the first large scale cognitive science program there. Anchored in psychology, and therefore christened Wissenpsychologie (psychology of knowledge), it has found interdisciplinary resonance, especially in artificial intelligence and education. The research program brought together cognitive scientists from over twenty German universities and more than thirty single projects were funded. The program was initiated by Heinz Mandl and Hans Spada, the main goals of which were to investigate the acquisition of knowledge, the access to knowledge, and the modification and application of knowledge from a psychological perspective. Emphasis was placed on formalisms of knowledge representation and on the processes involved. In many of the projects this was combined with computer simulations. A final but equally important goal was the development of experimental paradigms and methods for data analysis that are especially suited to investigate knowledge based processes. The research program has had a major impact on cognitive psychology in Germany. Research groups were established at many universities and research equipment was provided. It also inspired a considerable number of young scientists to carry out cognitive research, employ modeling techniques from artificial intelligence for psychological theorizing, and construct intelligent tutoring systems for education. Close contacts with cognitive scientists in the U.S. have helped to firmly integrate the program with international research endeavours. Each year, one or two workshops were held. The present volume is the result of the final workshop which was held in September 1992. Selected results from seventeen projects are presented in this book. The volume is enriched by three guest scholars who agreed to participate in the final workshop and to comment on the chapters of the book. |
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1.–5. rezultāts no 8.
... posterior probability of an inference: whenever the rule is completely matched the strength stands for the probability of the event represented in its action part as a posteriori to the matching data. Ambiguity: The perceived ambiguity ...
... probability the 'maximal posterior probability'. On the other hand, imagine that the expert is informed about another patient who is able to produce antibodies. In this case, rule R13 is completely matched and makes him believe that the ...
... probability judgment will fall somewhere between the prior probability and the maximal posterior probability. To illustrate the last case, we have to look at the second expert once more, the expert with the MMC model. Imagine that he is ...
... posterior probability; if the prediction is negative (i.e., the fever will not occur), the anchor is the minimal posterior probability. Starting from the anchor, the probability is adjusted by moving it towards the prior probability ...
... posterior probability of the fever. We have assumed that 68 H. Jungermann and M. Thiiring.
Saturs
1 | |
Knowledge Acquisition and Diagnosis | 139 |
Learning Procedures and Tutorial Systems | 203 |
Complex Problem Solving and Applications | 313 |
Commentaries | 387 |
Author Index | 435 |
Subject Index | 445 |
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Sprache, Kognition, Kultur: Sprache zwischen mentaler Struktur und ... Heidrun Kämper,Ludwig M. Eichinger Priekšskatījums nav pieejams - 2008 |