The Cognitive Psychology of KnowledgeG. Strube, K.F. Wender Elsevier, 1993. gada 1. okt. - 452 lappuses The present book is a result of a seven-year (1986-1992) national research program in cognitive science in Germany, presumably the first large scale cognitive science program there. Anchored in psychology, and therefore christened Wissenpsychologie (psychology of knowledge), it has found interdisciplinary resonance, especially in artificial intelligence and education. The research program brought together cognitive scientists from over twenty German universities and more than thirty single projects were funded. The program was initiated by Heinz Mandl and Hans Spada, the main goals of which were to investigate the acquisition of knowledge, the access to knowledge, and the modification and application of knowledge from a psychological perspective. Emphasis was placed on formalisms of knowledge representation and on the processes involved. In many of the projects this was combined with computer simulations. A final but equally important goal was the development of experimental paradigms and methods for data analysis that are especially suited to investigate knowledge based processes. The research program has had a major impact on cognitive psychology in Germany. Research groups were established at many universities and research equipment was provided. It also inspired a considerable number of young scientists to carry out cognitive research, employ modeling techniques from artificial intelligence for psychological theorizing, and construct intelligent tutoring systems for education. Close contacts with cognitive scientists in the U.S. have helped to firmly integrate the program with international research endeavours. Each year, one or two workshops were held. The present volume is the result of the final workshop which was held in September 1992. Selected results from seventeen projects are presented in this book. The volume is enriched by three guest scholars who agreed to participate in the final workshop and to comment on the chapters of the book. |
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1.5. rezultāts no 63.
... corresponding output modalities: the utterance of a word, and the physical action without verbal mediation. Interpreted in terms of McLeod and Posner's (1984) hypothesis of privileged loops, the pathway from the nonverbal stimulus ...
... corresponding key (41 ms). Within-modality responses, that is, reading the word disregarding its location or indicating the location disregarding the meaning, yielded no significant interference. Therefore, it is quite possible to ...
... corresponding response is shorter or equally long as the pathway from the target to the required response. However ... corresponds to the semantically activated node has to be found. Furthermore, in the word-categorizing task, the ...
... corresponding congruent condition is, of course, a yellow lemon or a grey mouse. As control conditions, a colored non-object or outline drawings with white contours on a black background without any other color were used. Thus, in ...
... corresponding pathways, and the predictions concerning interference are derived as follows: (1) The instruction to name the color leads to the response red along the Pathway 1 in Figure la. This pathway contains two nodes, one for the ...
Saturs
1 | |
Knowledge Acquisition and Diagnosis | 139 |
Learning Procedures and Tutorial Systems | 203 |
Complex Problem Solving and Applications | 313 |
Commentaries | 387 |
Author Index | 435 |
Subject Index | 445 |
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