tions were established, by his visitors having an unlimited power of reforming both persons and things, as to them seemed expedient. There were also introduced certain ordinances "de tollendis dubitationibus ex statutis ejusdem ortis:" the visitors having previously given solutions of certain doubts that had been formerly proposed to them.

In this reign, the disputes between the gownsmen and townsmen broke out again, but were settled in reference to ancient privileges: an extraordinary act was kept in the schools of the University, before the Commissioners, on Transubstantiation: the papists were discountenanced: Gardiner, Bishop of Winchester, was deprived of the Chancellorship and Mastership of Trinity Hall, and sent to the Tower.

When Mary ascended the throne in 1553, Gardiner was recalled to his former honours, as bishop of Winchester and chancellor of the University of Cambridge. Those Papists, who resided abroad in Edward's reign, were called home, and had conferred on them the first offices in church and state. The fire of persecution, however, was not kindled at Cambridge, though some, who had been its most distinguished members, suffered elsewhere, and eleven Protestant Masters of Colleges were ejected, to make room for Roman Catholics.

One of the most eminent characters of this reigna was Cardinal Pole, an English prelate, a very amiable and learned man, who had resided abroad for twenty years. Being called back to England by Mary, he was made Archbishop of Canterbury. He had been educated at Oxford; but, in succession to Gardiner, he was now made Chancellor of the University of Cambridge, in 1555, and appeared there as Visitor in 1558.

With the exception of removals, and such changes as were connected with the change of religion, I am not aware that any material alterations were made in the privileges of the University. The draught of a plan for revising or altering the statutes of Trinity College certainly never passed the seal, and were never signed by Mary, but was finally settled by Queen Elizabeth.

On the arrival of the Prince of Spain in England, to espouse Queen Mary, he was addressed by the University, in a handsome letter, to which Philip returned a most gracious answers; and, in expressing respect for the honours of the University, he could not fail mentioning its antiquity, and descent from a Spanish prince : this answer, by some, has been thrust into the arguments in favour of the University's foundation by Cantaber!

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