United States concede that the same equality shall have place in the use of the St. Clair Flats Canal. For the present the balance of advantages from these concessions seems to be decidedly in favor of the United States.

3. Another provision of the treaty (Art. 29) relates to the transit of goods. Merchandise properly entered in the customhouses of certain ports of the United States or of any ports of British America, may be conveyed in transit through either territory to the other, according to its original destination, without the payment of duties. And goods intended for exportation enjoy the same freedom from duties under similar suppositions. Here the balance of advantages must be greatly in

favor of the Dominion of Canada.

Privileges of the same general sort are granted by Article 30 when the starting point and the point of destination are in one territory, but there is need of crossing the other for the conveyance of the goods. The conditions are that the intermediate transportation be made on land and in bond, subject to such rules as may be agreed upon between the parties. This privilege of free carriage may be suspended by the United States in case Canada or the other colonies impose an export duty on articles so carried across territory of the United States, and in case also the Canadian government take away the equal use of their canals from American citizens. Here we may add the substance of Art. 31, which is that the British government engages to urge upon the legislative branches of the governments of Canada and New Brunswick to abstain from levying duties on timber cut in Maine and floated down the St. Johns river when destined for the United States. And if such duties should be levied, it is agreed that this also might furnish ground for the United States to suspend the right of carriage spoken of in Art. 30.

The provisions of these Articles were made to extend to Newfoundland, as far as they are applicable, unless either of the contracting parties or the legislature of Newfoundland should not embrace that colony in their laws enacted for the carrying out of the treaty; in which case the operation of the commer. cial portions of the treaty would be limited to the other British territories.

The portion of the Washington treaty relating to the fisheries and to commercial intercourse seems to be slow in going into operation. Before it could take effect, laws were necessary both on the part of the two contracting powers, and on that of the parliament of Canada and of the legislature of Prince Edward's island. We trust that a fair experiment may prove satisfactory to all parties, and that we may never hear of fishery troubles again.

ARTICLE X.-NOTICES OF NEW BOOKS.

THEOLOGICAL AND RELIGIOUS.

THE RESURRECTION OF CHRIST.*-This volume contains ten sermons of the late distinguished President of Union College, and the beauty of its mechanical execution befits the avowed purpose with which it is issued, as a tribute to his memory. Professor Lewis introduces it with a cordial tribute of his own, in nine pages, telling us the "publication is intended mainly as a memorial to the numerous alumni of" that college, "or to bring vividly before their minds the remembrance of one greatly venerated and beloved;" depicting the peculiarities of the preacher, and analyzing the method of these sermons, which have been selected, not as the most noted of his productions, but as "a series presenting a degree of unity not elsewhere found," while characteristic also of his method in the pulpit. Dr. Nott is still remembered by many, and has a traditional reputation also, as one of the foremost preachers of his day, and as differing from the few who might be said to be equally conspicuous to the public eye in being, as Prof. Lewis says, "preeminently an impassioned preacher," and "more than any other American clergyman" resembling "some of the great French preachers in the days of Louis XIV." "He had nothing Edwardean about him ;" "his preaching was not logical, nor even argumentative, in the strict sense of the term;" he was "a true preacher in distinction from the logical casuist or the methodical didactic lecturer,—a preacher in the old sense of the term, that of xnov, praeco, herald, proclaimer, 'the voice of one crying in the wilderness,' or 'at the city gates.'" By these and other just and striking touches from the felicitous pen of the editor, he will be at once brought to the minds of all who heard him, and these pages will justify the description to others who must depend on report for conceiving of his delivery, which was singularly adapted to his style of composition. His frequent interrogations, exclamations, abrupt or bold transitions, even direct invocations of the Deity, which appear in these sermons, borne out as they were by

*The Resurrection of Christ: a series of Discourses by ELIPHALET NOTT, D.D., LL.D., late President of Union College. With an Introduction and Notes, by TAYLER LEWIS. New York: Scribner, Armstrong & Co., 1872. 12mo, pp. 157.

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the energy and vivacity of his manner, were justified by the impression made on large and cultivated congregations, as notably in the sermon (only mentioned in this preface) on the death of Hamilton. Of course in New England he was considered in his time, and would be now, a florid declamatory preacher; some said theatrical," or, by reason of the likeness to French oratory, Frenchy." Now for this very reason the reading of such sermons, or the hearing of such preachers, might be of real service, then or now, to New England ministers,—of more service indeed than some may readily accept. At all events it is well that candidates for the ministry should know something of other kinds of successful preaching than the models to which they have been too exclusively accustomed.

We invite attention for another reason to the introduction, which, like everything from the same pen, has an aim to which it goes straight as an arrow. Indicating Dr. Nott's argument for the fact of Christ's resurrection as the "historical " one, "the same which has, in substance, been always used in the church," the editor takes occasion to expose and denounce an assumption "haunting our modern literature," "that the old reasoning on the evidences of Christianity, or of such a fact as that of the Resurrection, will no longer answer in view of modern objections," and that "in defending Christianity, if it can be defended, we must take a new start, and proceed upon grounds differing altogether from the old." We refer the reader to his lively description in full of this cant which has come into vogue of late, not only among enemies but among professed friends of Christianity, and not only with pretentious critics but in religious newspapers and even in the pulpit. The assumption has seemed to us a symptom of cowardice and weakness. Charitably construed, it is one of the practices by which an apologist aims, though unconsciously, to enhance the value of his own contributions to the common cause by disparaging the services of his great predecessors, and is really fitted to make infidels on the plea of converting them. On the other hand, Prof. Lewis' trumpet gives no uncertain sound:-"Now this is all an impudent falsehood. We say it unhesitatingly. There is no new difficulty, or any so surpassing former difficulties as to be entitled to the name. There is no substantial objection to the gospels, or to the Bible generally, that has not been known to scholarly and thinking men for more than a thousand years." Such a sentence, from a "scholarly and thinking man," so learned

acute, and candid, will have its weight and do good service. We are pleased to find that one of the leading daily papers has already welcomed the whole passage into a wider circulation. Let ministers as well as laymen heed the lesson.

Döllinger's REUNION OF THE CHURCHES.*-We are sorry that Döllinger's lectures, which we read some months ago in the full report of the Cologne Gazette. are introduced to the Englishreading public with a peculiar ritualistic parade. There is a dedication to Dr. Liddon, by the translator, dated on the "Nativity of our Lady," together with a long and characteristic preface. Why not let Döllinger speak for himself, without this ceremonious introduction? It is too large a steed for pigmies to bestride. Döllinger is a man of robust intelligence and masculine penetration. His lectures are comprehensive in their plan; they abound in the choice fruits of scholarship, and they are, on the whole, liberal in their spirit. He regrets that Luther dropped bishops and apostolic succession; but he is cautious about asserting that Luther parted with what is essential to a true church. We suspect that Döllinger has something in reserve, even on this topic; as he had so much in reserve, for a long time, on the general subject of Protestantism and Catholicism. Certain it is that Luther's position on the subject of the priesthood is vital to his system and was essential to the existence of the Reformation. Luther laid the axe at the root of the tree. Because Döllinger is timid about doing the same thing, his movement has a half-way, not very consistent character; it interests the cultivated class and the politicians, but fails to strike the common heart. Yet his lectures are an auspicious sign of the times, and will reward attention to their contents. We hope to consider them more at length hereafter.

DÖLLINGER'S FABLES RESPECTING THE POPES.-Professor H. B. Smith has translated Döllinger's essay on the Prophecies of the Christian Era, and has published it in connection with the same writer's little work on the Fables of the Middle Ages, pertaining

* Lectures on the Reunion of the Churches. By JOHN J. I. DÖLLINGER, D.D., D.C.L. Translated, with preface. New York: Dodd & Mead.

1872.

Fables Respecting the Popes in the Middle Ages. Translated by ALFRED PLUMMER; together with Döllinger's essay on the Prophetic Spirit. Translated, with an introduction and notes, by HENRY B. SMITH, D.D. Dodd & Mead, New York,

1872.