less and spent more on his own leisure | tune by the insane, the paralytic, or the and enjoyment, his children would actu- hopelessly brain-softened or heart-disally have been richer by the necessity of eased. Some take fright and retire from doing something for themselves, than by the very neap tide of their fortunes to his thrusting a silver spoon in their save the rest of their lives from "wan mouths the moment they were born. despair" or hopeless imbecility. Most The almighty dollar" is too many for hold on until their own abundance beall Anglo Saxons-leads us all propter vi- comes completely their master. They tam, vivendi perdere causas. All Ameri- fall down before the huge pile in fetish ca is mad; and it is about money, and worship-contemplate it in awe and rev getting on, and keeping grimly what it erence as an idol not to be touched exhas got, and refuses to part with. Seces- cept to add new sacrifices to the heap of sion means £400,000,000 worth of slaves votive gifts. The barrister who has made -Northern Federalism is but panic at more fees than ever were realized by the the prospect of Southern debtors repudi- highest practice, after exhausting night ating, and Southern mortgages being left and day in grubbing guineas in railway unpaid without being foreclosed. Every committees, was driven by a ruined brain thing too go-a-head-every body is liv- in early manhood, to retire upon a foring too fast. We should lose nothing by tune he can no longer enjoy; and he wanproducing less. We waste half what we ders about in desperate dejection, posearn in worthless speculations and bad sessed by the one absorbing thought of debts, and still have more left than does the fear of death. The "Napoleon of us good. We have lent money to states, Commerce," withered at the top, believed to foreign and colonial railroads and himself ruined, and every Saturday night mines, which might just as well have drew laborer's wages from his keeper. never been earned, and still we have Unwarned by his fate, his greatest commore left than is wholesome for content-mercial rivals have gone, or are going, ment. In this central city of the world the way he went-with what result to we can literally reckon the number of their posterity it would be invidiously self-made men risen to the pinnacle of for-personal to inquire.

DEATH OF THE SULTAN.

THE Sultan died at Constantinople. | summoned by the Austrian and Russian His brother, Abdul Aziz, has succeeded Emperors, in 1849, to surrender the Hunhim. garian refugees, acted with great firmSultan Abdul Medjid Khan, the thirty-ness; and during the early stages of the first sovereign of the family of Osman, and the twenty-eighth from the taking of Constantinople, was born on the twentythird of April, 1823, and succeeded his father, Sultan Mahmoud Khan II. on the second of July, 1839. Though Abdul Medjid has left behind him twelve children, according to the Almanach de Gotha, the eldest of whom, a male, was born on the twenty-first of September, 1840, yet it is according to the custom of the Turkish Empire that the succession to the throne devolves on the deceased's brother, Abdul Aziz, who was born on the ninth of February, 1830. Abdul Medjid when

Crimean war, he evinced a full sense of the responsibilities cast upon him at so critical à juncture in his country's history. The events attending that war are too recent to require recapitulation, and since its close the Sultan has betrayed much of the apathy characteristic of his race. His health has been declining for some time past. Abdul Medjid reigned twenty-two years, under the protection of Western diplomacy. The statesman who is now at the head of the British Government may be considered to have been his guardian from the day of his boyish accession till now that he has sunk, a prematurely old

man, into the grave. The first importantly. But activity and forethought, and event of his reign was the check to the proper care for the Empire, were utterly ambition of Mehemet Ali, who, favored wanting. It is of no use to enlarge upon by the Cabinet of M. Thiers, sought to the private life of this unhappy Prince, make Egypt and Syria independent of the who, establishing a harem at the age of Porte, if even he did not dream of sub- fourteen or fifteen, had the look and bearverting the dynasty of Othman. The po- ing of an old man before attaining middle licy of Lord Palmerston, which triumphed age. His extravagance and the extravaon that occasion, has for twenty years gance of his wives knew no bounds. since been accepted as that which ought How they spent their money is almost into govern the dealings of Europe with conceivable. It went, not by thousands, the Turkish Empire. It may be summed but by millions of pounds sterling. Ever up in a few words. To defend the Sul-new palaces, new diamonds, new pensions tan against Foreign Potentates, and to aid him in ruling his own Pashas, has been the endeavor of England during the whole reign of Abdul Medjid. The results have been most remarkable. A tranquillity and order, a centralization without example for completeness, and a ready and even ostentatious loyalty to the Porte, marks every Mohammedan Governor throughout the empire. But, with all this seeming unity and strength, the Turkish Empire is now more decrepit than when Abdul Medjid began to reign, for the Turks themselves have lost heart and energy. The Turks have not rallied after the war of 1854. Abdul Medjid was a type of the race and of the system. He was eminently a civilized Turk, as his father, Mahmoud, had made the governing classes. He was kind, averse from severity even to a fault; he had manners which became his high station, and went through his interviews with foreign ambassadors very decorously and courteous

to favorites or schemers of all kinds, swallowed up revenues which would be considered large even in England. He has brought Turkey almost to the ground. His numerous sons and daughters have been magnificently provided for at the expense of the exhausted Empire. He is now gone, and another, the thirty-second of the family of Othman, succeeds. This is Aziz, his brother, and the only other surviving son of Mahmoud. Aziz is said very much to resemble his father in character and vigor of will, but to be not a reformer and free-thinker, but a strict Mohammedan, and a reäctionary in politics. Though much confidence ought not to be given to the estimates formed of an Oriental Prince who has been jealously kept in idleness and almost in seclusion all his life, we think it likely that the new Sultan will prove a man of more powerful mind than his brother. He is thirty-one years of age, and of strong constitution.

A MEMOIR OF DANIEL SAFFORD. By his Wife. Published by the American Tract Society, 28 Cornhill, Boston. Pp. 384.

THIS memoir is the record of a well-spent life. To spend life well, in the best sense of the term, is a great achievement. Comparatively few men do it. As men have but one life to live on earth, it is worth the best effort to make the most of this one life. As a remarkable example of success in such a life amid the activities of business in the walks of commerce, Mr. Safford was in many respects a model man. As such, the volume which records the annals of his life, the wise employment of his time, the great amount of good to the bodies and souls of men

which he accomplished, and the quiet and unobtrusive manner of it, is well worth the perusal, the care ful study of business men, who would go and do likewise.

In preparing this valuable memoir for publication, Mrs. Safford has performed a work which, from her relations to the subject, no one else perhaps could have done so well. She has erected a monument to the memory of her husband more enduring than Parian marble, and immeasurably more useful to the world of living humanity for ages to come. It may well and truly be written of Mr. Safford "that he being dead, yet speaketh" in words silent, but most useful and instructive.

SPOTS ON THE SUN, OR THE PLUMB-LINE PAPERS. Be ing a series of Essays, or Critical Examinations of Difficult Passages of Scripture; together with a careful Inquiry into certain Dogmas of the Church. By Rev. T. M. HOPKINS, A. M., Geneva, New-York. Published by Rudd & Carlton, 130 Grand street, New-York. 1861. Pp. 367.

THE IRISH CENSUS.-The abstracts of the census of Ireland for 1861 have just been issued. The total population of Ireland on the 7th of April was 5,764,543, less by 787,842 than it was in 1851, which is a decrease of 12.02 per cent, on the last decennial period. On the previous decade there was a decrease of 19.85 per cent. The diminution has been greatest in Munster, where it is 18 per cent, THIS Volume is comprised in eight chapters. I. Samson and his Foxes. II. The Dial of Ahaz. and the least in Ulster, where it is only 5 per cent. The Commissioners ascribe the decrease to emigraIII. The Resurrection of the Body. IV. The God-likeness in Man. V. The Inexorable Element tion. From the report of the Emigration Commisin Law. VI. Did Christ preach the whole Gospel? land during the last ten years; and from the returns sioners it appears that 1,230,986 emigrants left IreVII. Stopping of the Sun and Moon. Part 1. obtained by the Registrar General of Ireland, it is VIII. Stopping of the Sun and Moon. Part 2. The contents of this volume indicate the nature of found that of these, 1,174,179 were set down as "permanent emigrants" Roman Catholics, 4,490,588; the subjects presented and discussed, better than a whole page of description. The author thinks for members of the Established Church, 678,661; Preshimself, investigates for himself, reasons for himself, byterians, 598,992; all other persuasions, 8414; Jews, 322. The total number of Protestants in Ireand from the nature and habits of his mind, it would be strange if after many years of devoted study of the land is 1,273,960, giving the Roman Catholics a maBible and of preaching the Gospel, he did not bring jority of 3,216,623; or about 34 Roman Catholics_to out things new and old from this great and exhaust-1 Protestant. In Ulster the proportions are — Esless gold mine of divine truth. The reader of this tablished Church, 390,301; Presbyterians, 511,371; volume will be interested, instructed, edified; he Roman Catholics, 963,687. will derive ideas, views, thoughts, which perhaps he never thought of before. We greet every good digger into the mines of celestial truth. Gold is never injured by being melted again and worked over.

GREAT EXPECTATIONS. BY CHARLES DICKENS, Author of Pickwick Papers, Nicholas Nickleby, Dombey and Son, etc. With thirty-four illustra tions from original designs, by JOHN MCLENAN. Complete in one volume. Philadelphia: T. B. Peterson & Brothers, 306 Chestnut street. Pp. 523. THE name and fame of Charles Dickens as a writer of romance and fiction are so well known over the reading world in both hemispheres, that to speak of him and attempt to tell who he is and what he is, would be about as much a work of supererogation as to try to inform the world that the sun shines, though it only shines one day at a time.

MEDITATIONS ON THE DEAD.-Go to the grave of buried love, and meditate. There settle the account with thy conscience for every past benefit unrequited-every past endearment unregarded, of that departed being who can never-never-return to be soothed by thy contrition! If thou art a child, and hast ever added a sorrow to the soul, or a furrow to the silvered brow of an affectionate parent; if thou art a husband, and hast ever caused the fond bosom that ventured its whole happiness in thy arms, to doubt one moment of thy kindness or truth; if thou art a friend, and hast ever wronged in thought, or word, or deed, the spirit that generously confided in thee; if thou art a lover, and hast ever given one unmerited pang to that true heart which now lies cold and still beneath thy feet; then be sure that every unkind look, every ungracious word, every ungentle action, will come thronging back upon thy memory, and knocking dolefully at thy soul; then be sure that thou wilt lie down sorrowing and repentant on the grave, and utter the unheard groan, and pour the unavailing tear; more deep, more bitter, because unheard and unavailing.- Washington Irving.

BODY VERSUS MIND.-By examining the tongue of their patient, physicians discover the disease of the body, and philosophers the discase of the mind.

THE EMPEROR PAUL OF RUSSIA.-One assigned cause for Sir Charles Whitworth's disgrace with the Court of Russia is curious. The Emperor had given orders no empty carriage should pass a certain part of the palace. Sir Charles, ignorant of this, had left his coach to speak with a workman, and desired it might drive on and meet him at a distance. The Sentinel stopped the carriage, the servants insisted on driving on, a scuffle ensued. The Emperor, ever on the watch about trifles, inquired into the cause of the dispute, and on learning it, ordered the servants to be beat, the horses to be beat, and the coach to be beat, (Xerxes lashing the sea!) Sir Charles Whit worth, by way of washing off this stain, ordered his servants to be discharged, his horses to be shot, his carriage, after being broken into a thousand pieces, to be thrown into the river. The Emperor, indig nant at this mark of offended pride, insisted on his recall.-Journal kept during a Visit to Germany.

RELICS FROM POMPEII.-Some interesting relies have been recently dug up at Pompeii. Among these was a thick golden ring with a precious stone, bearing the figure of Hercules, armed with his club, and engraved by the artist Sonoles, a cotemporary of Augustus, and whose name is marked in minute letters. A full-size female head of bronze, with glass eyes and bronze inkstand with a lid, and a sponge inside, still in good preservation, were also discovered, with a number of coins, and several curious buckles of gold.

THE BRIDGE AT BREST.-Among the improvements (says the Paris correspondent of the Times) which have been lately made in the port of Brest, a magnificent bridge has been thrown over the Penfeld, an arm of the sea which separates Brest properly so called from Recouvrance. The arch of the bridge is ninety feet above the lowest tide, and will permit merchant ships and small vessels of war to pass under it. But to open a passage for ships of the line through a bridge so high and of such great dimensions appeared impossible. The work, nevertheless, has been accomplished. Great as the difficulty is to separate so gigantic a mass, two men are sufficient to accomplish it in the course of ten minutes. Nor does it require more force or a greater amount of

|

GRANDEUR GRANDLY TRANSCRIBED.-The magnifi cent Dome of Monreale, Sicily, is to be fitly illustrated by the Rev. D. B. Gravina, on the most magnifi. DARING FRENCH ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT.-The cent scale, by eighty large imperial folio plates printStraits of Messina are destined to undergo an opera- ed in chromo-lithography, with, as certain specimens tion (on the part of a French engineer) somewhat already completed show, the greatest care and accuakin to the daring experiment of the Menai Bridge, racy of attention to the famous mosaics of this sinbut of a different character. There are no project-gular building, the crown of Norman Architecture,