Appendix table 4. Number of first admissions per 100,000 civilian population 1 for selected diagnoses, to State hospitals for mental disease, by age, United States, 1950 2.5 39.3 61. 5 70. 9 75. 0 88.9 84. 6 89. 9 79. 5 84. 5 94. 5 125. 8255. 7 1 Rates are first admissions with specified diagnosis in each age group per 100,000 civilian population in the same age group. Appendix table 5. Number of resident patients per 100,000 civilian population1 for selected diagnoses, in selected State hospitals for mental disease, by age, 1950 3. 4 41. 9 96. 4144. 5227. 4346. 5 438. 9 527. 5 563. 4624. 7744. 2805. 7976. 2 Manic depressive psy choses.. 22. 5 6 .1 1 Rates are resident patients with specified diagnosis in each age group per 100,000 civilian population in the same age group. Based on data for the State hospitals in California, Louisiana Michigan, Nebraska, Ohio, Pennsylvania, aud Virginia. Appendix table 6. States not reporting for their entire 1 Based on average yearly admissions for 1940 and 1941, and for 1949-51. hospital system or not reporting data by age in any of these years were excluded. SOURCE: Patients in mental institutions, 1940, 1941, U. S. Bureau of the Census, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. Patients in mental institutions 1949, 1950 and 1951, National Institute of Mental Health, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. Appendix table 7. Percentage of first admissions retained continuously in hospital, released, and dead within specified periods of time following admission to Warren State Hospital, Warren, Pa., 1916-50, for all mental disorders, for patients under 65 years and for patients 65 years and over, both sexes All mental disorders Under 65 years Admitted during 65 years and over Years following date of admission! 1916-25 1926-35 1936-45 1946-50 1916-25 1926-35 1936-45 1946-50 1916-25 1926-35 1936-45 1946-50 This table only includes 5 years of followup. However, the cohort of 1916-25 was followed for 25 years and the cohort of 1926-35, for 15 years. Appendix table 8. Percentage of first admissions retained continuously in hospital, released, and dead within specified periods of time following admission to Warren State Hospital, Warren, Pa., 1916–50, for selected diagnoses, all ages, both sexes Functional psychoses Syphilitic psychoses Admitted during Mental diseases of senium Years following date of admission 1 1916–25 1926–35 1936-45 1946-50 1916-25 1926-35 1936-45 1946-50 1916-25 1926-35 1936-45 1946-50 1 This table only includes 5 years of followup. However, the cohort of 1916-25 was followed for 25 years and the cohort of 1926-35 for 15 years. EXHIBIT 14B [Reprinted from U. S. News & World Reports, June 21, 1957, pp. 62-72-Copyright 1957, U. S. News Publishing Corp.] WHAT YOU OUGHT TO KNOW ABOUT TRANQUILIZERS Interview with Dr. Robert H. Felix,' Director, National Institute of Mental Health Many people-in and out of hospitals-are taking pills to get relief from anxiety and tension. Use of these so-called tranquilizer drugs is widespread and growing. What has been learned about these drugs? Are they habit forming? they effect a cure in cases of severe emotional disturbance? Do How does a person react after he has taken one of these drugs? Should he drive a car? To get answers from a medical point of view to these and other questions, U. S. News & World Report interviewed in its conference rooms an authority on the subject. Dr. Robert H. Felix, Director of the National Institute of Mental Health, a branch of the United States Public Health Service, tells here what doctors have learned-and what remains to be learned-about tranquilizer drugs. Q. Dr. Felix, just what are tranquilizers? A. Generally speaking, tranquilizers are chemical substances which have an effect on the body, especially the central nervous system, which results in a reduction in anxiety and tension, thereby allowing the individual to be calmer or more relaxed. They are not sedatives, however. Q. What is the primary purpose in the use of tranquilizer drugs? A. They are mostly used to reduce anxiety and tension and to calm and quiet patients with a high degree of emotional disturbance. Their greatest use is in the treatment of disturbed and uncooperative mental patients. They frequently render patients amenable to other kinds of treatment. Q. Are there tranquilizers that can be purchased "over the counter"-in drugstores? A. No, all true tranquilizers require a doctor's prescription. I've been asked at times about the "tranquilizers" that are obtainable without a prescription. There are certain drugs-they call them "tranquilizers"-that you may have seen advertised. These are not tranquilizers in the sense that they have a specific action on the central nervous system-the central nervous system being the brain, in particular, and the spinal cord. Q. These, then, you might call "fake" tranquilizers? A. Yes, but that's hardly a fair word because they do calm down a person somewhat. But it's sort of a side action, as it were. It's not the principal purpose. One group of these which you've seen advertised and has been used as a tranquilizer or sometimes called a "tranquiloid"-is the antihistamines. You may remember when these first came out for the common cold, and so forth, they told you to be careful not to drive your car until you knew what the reaction would be. This is one group. Some of the sedatives, such as the barbiturate drugs, will calm one down under certain conditions-that is the sleeping pills. Then, of course, under certain conditions and with certain people and in large enough quantities, alcohol is really a central-nervous-system depressant. That is why, when you have too much, you go to sleep. Q. What about the true tranquilizers? Are there some that are more potent than others? A. They have different actions. I don't know that you would say they are more potent. 1 Dr. Robert H. Felix, Director of the Federal Government's National Institute of Mental Health, has been studying tranquilizer drugs and their effects since they first came into widespread use after World War II. Dr. Felix is both a physician and a psychiatrist. His experience includes a term as Chief of Psychiatry at the Federal Narcotics-Addiction Center in Lexington, Ky. At the Institute of Mental Health, which he has headed since it was founded, Dr. Felix is directing a nationwide investigation-ordered by Congress-into the growing use of tranquilizer drugs. |