ought to feel greatly indebted for the promptness with which it is executed. The public, however, never feels grateful for anything, and though the lines above use the greatest care, and spare neither money nor labor to secure a regular communication between the cities, the patronage is such as to enable the lines to pay but little upon the investments Pertaining to the capital invested in telegraphing, we contemplate saying something about it ere long. We give the following newspaper notices of the National lines.

HEAVY BUSINESS IN TELEGRAPHING.-The National Telegraph line was in fine working order on Saturday, and communicating directly with the principal Eastern and Western cities. We learn from the obliging reporters that the number of messages left for transmission, during twenty-four hours, were 310, over 100 of which were for New-York, and the number received from all points was 261, making an aggregate of 571! without including what are termed "office messages." This is a large business for a single day, and we doubt if it has ever been beaten in the annals of Southern telegraphing-New-Orleans Paper.

ANOTHER GREAT TELEGRAPHIC FEAT.-The Southern and Eastern lines, uniting at Louisville were again working last night through from New-Orleans to New-York and back, a distance of over two thousand miles, without repeating. The history of telegraphing will not show an instance in the world to surpass this. It is certainly working the largest circuit in the United States. The lines, of course, are in fine order, and the companies are reaping the reward of their diligence. From fifty to one hundred and fourteen messages per day are passing and returning between those two distant cities. On Saturday, the 10th, the office of the New-Orleans and Ohio Company, at New-Orleans alone, received for that day's business $553 78, or at the rate per month of twenty-six working days, of $14,397 28. If this line can be kept working as it has been recently, it will realize the most sanguine expectations of its early friends.-Louisville Journal.

WONDERS OF THE TELEGRAPH.-Saturday evening the operators in the New-York and New-Orleans National Telegraph offices were holding a social chat in regard to matters and things in general, as if they were situated in the same apartment. The following conversation occurred in regard to the expected arrival of the steamer. Mr. Fuller, the reporter for the associated press at New-Orleans, came into the office there, and asked if the steamer had arrived yet, when New-Orleans asks New-York if the steamer has arrived. New-York says, "Not yet, but is hourly expected; she is nearly three days over due, and much anxiety is manifested in regard to her." NewOrleans says, "Thank you, that came good."

The distance from New-York to New-Orleans by the route the line runs is about 2,000 miles, and this is the first time in the history of the electric telegraph in this country, when direct communication was had over half that distance, without rewriting; and it is quite certain that such a feat has never before been performed on this globe. Just imagine, parties separated 2,000 miles communicating with each other as if they were face to face.— Cincinnati Commercial.

COMPLIMENTARY.-We publish the annexed correspondence with great pleasure, and regret we could not give an engraving of the beautiful testimonials presented. The recipient of this splendid reward of merit, Mr. T. S. Faxton, of Utica, New-York, has been connected with the telegraph for many years. He has nobly stood by his line in the hours of adversity, and he left it in prosperity. Those who have been in like difficult places know

how to feel for him. We admire his energy, and hope his years will not end before his talents and services will be again in the cause.

PRESENTATION.-Some days ago we noticed that a beautiful Malacca Cane had been prepared for presentation to T. S. Faxton, Esq., by the employees of the New-York, Albany and Buffalo Telegraph Co. Since then the gift has been presented, accompanied by a letter expressive of their regard, to which he has replied in a manner characteristic of the man. We give copies of the note, and Mr. Faxton's acknowledgment.--Utica Peper. UTICA, Dec. 1, 1853.

THEODORE S. FAXTON, Esq.-Dear Sir--The Superintendents and Operators of the Company over which you have until recently presided, have assigned to me a task most grateful to my own feelings; and although I may but feebly and imperfectly give expression to their sentiments on the occasion, yet I trust you will give full credence to the sincerity in which they are presented.

The difficulties through which you have brought the Telegraph to its present maturity, were but little known except to those associated with you in the business; they, however, fully appreciated them; they can testify to the indomitable perseverance with which the many vexatious embarrassments incident to its early history were met and overcome; and thus the "visionary experiment," as the Telegraph was wont to be considered, triumphantly established as a permanent and invaluable auxiliary to the business of the

times.

As a mark of their appreciation of the ability and energy by which your management was distinguished, but more particularly to express to you their regret that circumstances have induced you to withdraw from the position you have so honorably occupied, the employees of the New-York, Albany and Buffalo Telegraph Company very respectfully request your acceptance of the accompanying Cane, as also an assurance of their ever retaining a pleasing recollection of the frankness and kindness by which your business relations with them were characterized. I am. dear Sir,

Yours very respectfully,

EDWARD CHAPMAN,
Treasurer N. Y., A. & B. Telegraph Co.
UTICA, Dec. 3, 1853.

E. CHAPMAN, Esq., Treas. N. Y., A. & B. Tel. Co.

DEAR SIR-Your favor of the 1st inst., accompanying a splendid Cane from the employees of the New-York, Albany and Buffalo Telegraph Co., has just been presented to me. You will allow me to express to them, through you, my feelings of gratitude for this mark of their approval of my business intercourse with them while associated with them in the duties of telegraphing.

As you justly remark, the Telegraph enterprise was truly considered a "visionary experiment," but time and perseverance have demonstrated its practicability, and its utility is now appreciated by every business man in Christendom.

It is to me a source of gratification to know that almost every hand connected with this token of regard commenced their telegraphic occupation with this company, and have been connected in the business with myself up to the time of my resignation.

It is with pleasure I accept the gift, the value of which is not to be estimated by dollars and cents. It is entitled to a higher and more worthy consideration, inasmuch as it is a free-will offering from those whose esteem I shall always endeavor to hold in due regard.

Accept for yourself, and those associated with you in the business, my best wishes for your prosperity and happiness. Yours respectfully,

T. S. FAXTON.

GREAT DISCOVERY.-A UNIVERSAL TELEGRAPH.-The Mining Journal minutely describes the marvellous improvements effected by Mr. Wilkins in the electric telegraph, by which the system bids fair to be thoroughly revolutionized. Mr. Wilkins is a telegraph engineer at Hampstead, and has secured a patent for his extraordinary invention, which will be made available to the public by the Universal Electric Telegraph Company. The improvements for which Mr. Wilkins's electric telegraph will be distinguished are intended to meet all existing defects. It will form one of its very peculiar and striking characteristics, that instead of the message being, as at present, expounded often by guess, liable to be misunderstood or mistaken from variations of the index, or from many other causes, the message will be written by the telegraph instrument itself. By means of his singularly ingenious apparatus, the message leaves the telegraph written on paper by the instrument in clear and distinct characters, delivered in a continuous line and unvarying position. It is not even dependent, as was formerly proposed, on the chemical action of the electric fluid on certain sensitive colors, but the machine will enable parties to perpetuate an accurate record of the message, the value of which, in all intercourse, as well in affairs of State as in all legal, monetary, and commercial transactions, is almost incalculable. The ingenuity is perfectly marvellous which arranges the telegraphic apparatus to be worked by the electric current in such a manner as to give motion to a marker, or tracer, and thereby impress, mark, or otherwise render visible, in a continuous line on paper, characters representing letters, words, and figures on the recording surface, which is kept constantly moving by means of clockwork, or other suitable machinery, while the characters are marked, or otherwise produced by the electric current, in a fixed manner, capable of being read upon it. By a contrivance of surpassing ingenuity, the transmission of the message will be simultaneous to any number of radiating stations without the aid of intermediate operators, only one operator being required at each telegraph. This branch of improvement is effected by a delicate piece of machinery, the "Automaton Repeater," by means of which any number of towns or places, within the circle of connection, may be communicated with at the same moment by one and the same electric touch. Mr. Wilkins's plan is also remarkable for the extreme simplicity of the telegraph, for one wire will be sufficient, and in order to prevent the uncertainties which have impeded the development of the telegraphic system, he has devised a superior plan of insulators. It is calculated to insure the most perfect and unerring accuracy by the total absence of quivering points and needles, and by abstaining from the use of chemical preparations, always liable to mislead and very often to fail. It will possess this further great advantage, that by a return communication the message will be repeated at the place from which it is sent, instantaneously with the delivery of it at the place for which it was intended, and the person sending it will thus be enabled at once to see, himself, that his message has been accurately transmitted, the telegraph, without any other intervention, in effect insuring its accuracy. The directors contemplate telegraphic communication with nearly 800 principal towns and places in the United Kingdom, irrespective altogether, when necessary, of railways. The company propose to establish district offices in all or most of the towns and places in the kingdom, containing over 2,000 inhabitants, for the purpose of receiving and transmitting messages upon the principles of radiation. When unerring certainty is thus assured, and the price and means of general communication brought within the reach of every person, it will be difficult

to speculate upon the possible extent to which the public may avail themselves of these proposed benefits.

The above is from the English Mining Journal. The editor seems to be rejoiced, and anticipates great results from this new and splendid achievement! As compared with the tardy system now used in England it certainly is a great stride towards perfection, and ought to be universally accepted. The system boasted of will not be adopted, because it is the invention of an American. Let the editor refer to the archives of the English Patent Office, about June, 1838, and he will find an application on file for a patent by Prof. Morse, of America, for the same invention, now newly proclaimed by the Journal. Morse was refused a patent because a description of his invention had been published. It seems that England was not only unjust enough to refuse Morse a patent for a bona fide invention, but now wishes to claim the invention as her own, fifteen years after it has been before the world. The plan may be to claim it as English to guarantee success. Indocti discant, et ament meminisse peritis.

NEW-YORK, BUFFALO, AND CHICAGO RANGE.-This range of lines is now better connected than ever, and transmits business from New-York to Chicago with one writing. The lines have been well insulated, and increased energy has brought them to a state of perfection never attained before. The Superintendent of the New-York end, Mr. Palmer, informs us that they can now transmit business as prompt and correct with Detroit, Chicago, and the West, as can be done on any range of lines of equal length in the country. The end is great, and we hope their success will be triumphant. We clip the following notice from an exchange paper:

TELEGRAPHIC FEAT.-Messages were received in this city yesterday, via the Morse, New-York, Albany and Buffalo Telegraph, direct from Chicago; and we learn that arrangements have been perfected by which messages will be hereafter sent between the two cities in a single circuit.

PICTORIAL LIFE OF A TELEGRAPHER.-We are advised of the early issue of this interesting publication, containing some seventy engravings illustra ting how telegraphers live and act. We have seen the original copy, and feel fully authorized to say, that it will be a work of interest and fun. It will be published at Louisville, Ky., by Mr. George Rutherford, of the National Lines, to whom subscriptions may be sent. We copy the following from the Louisville Times pertaining to this publication on the Telegraph :

We are also advised of a forthcoming Pictorial work on the order of Cruikshanks' graphic caricatures, being the adventures of a telegrapher, the parties and scenes all being connected with the New-Orleans and Ohio line. It is a matter of some pride as well as pleasure to the editor of this paper, as the chief manager of that company, to be able to state, that all these pioneer enterprises in telegraph literature are the work of gentlemen who have been or are now connected with him in business. It speaks well for the talents, enterprise and industry of the respectable and eminently intellectual corps of telegraphers connected with this great Southwestern Telegraph line extending from Pittsburg to New-Orleans.

MAYSVILLE SUBMARINE CABLE.-We noticed in the former number of the COMPANION, that the Maysville cable had failed. Since then, another has been constructed, which has proved successful. The following we take from one of the Western papers, viz. :

We are gratified in being able to state, that the New-Orleans and Ohio Telegraph Company, after repeated failures, and at a great expense, have at length succeeded in securing a double submarine crossing at Maysville, Ky., being the first submarine cable with two perfectly insulated wires yet laid, so far as we know, in the United States. Mr. J. B. Sleet has accomplished this work, under the directions of Mr. Tanner, President.

The New Orleans and Ohio and St. Louis and New-Orleans companies have laid a greater length of submarine cables this summer, of the kind to resist such obstructions as occur on the Western waters, than all other lines in this country. There are now five cables on these lines, viz: the double wire cable at Maysville, and single wire cables across the Tennessee and Ohio rivers near Paducah, the Mississippi at Cape Girardeau, and Merrimac eighteen miles below St. Louis."

Besides the above, there is a cable across the House line, also at St. Louis on the Wade line. cable. None but Mr. Andrew Wade had the It has resisted the floods nobly.

Ohio at Cincinnati on the The latter was the pioneer courage to risk the expense.

HALIFAX AND BOSTON LINE.-We learn that this line continues to prosper and that its business is greatly increasing. We call it one line, though composed of two companies, the Maine Telegraph Company and the Nova Scotia Electric Telegraph Company. Mr. James Eddy is the Superintendent of the former, and since his line has made a direct connection with Boston, the business is performed with much more speed and accuracy. We copy the following notice from a New-Orleans paper, and though speaking very justly of the merits of the line, exhibits great ignorance, as there is no House Telegraph east of Boston.

"We are gratified to learn," says the Charleston Courier, "that great improvements have just been made in telegraphic facilities between New-York and Halifax, by which communications, which heretofore have been re-writ ten at four or five different points, are now sent direct, with but a single repetition. The new plan enables the lines to transmit messages in less than one-quarter the time heretofore required, and alsó lessens, in a very material degree, the liability to make errors. Messages were sent to and received from Halifax in the space of five minutes, via the House Printing Telegraph line. The distance by telegraph between Halifax and New-York is about one thousand miles."

SANDY HOOK TELEGRAPH.-We take the following notice of this important line from the New-York Times. We admire the spirit of the editorial, and wish the merchants would properly appreciate the great value of the electric communication with that point. Sometimes we see them very liberalwould give any amount of money if the line was in order that they might hear from a given vessel, but when the line is in order, fifty cents for a message over a line of about 120 miles long, without other offices or business to sustain it, looks to some of them as "large as a cart-wheel." Mr.