state, having already given an ample account of his MS. Collections relating to Cambridge, and his Reflections on Learning. He died in his rooms on the 2d of July, 1740, aged eighty-four. Besides Mr. Masters's account of Baker, several others have been given, one by Lord Orford, in the quarto edition of his works, written in 1778: another in Mr. Nichols's Literary Anecdotes of the 18th century, vol. v. a third in Mr. Cole's Collections in the British Museum; a fourth in the Biographia Britannica, the first edition, which has been considerably enlarged and improved in the last*. a It is said in the last edition of the Biographia Britannica, that on Baker's losing his fellowship, Matthew Prior, the poet, allowed him to receive the profits of his. This is admitted on some intimation from Dr. Goddard, late master of Clare Hall. But Mr. Masters thinks there is no foundation for the opinion, and for many reasons he is, probably, right. Mr. Masters, (in his preface,) who composed Baker's Life, principally from materials collected by Dr. Zachary Grey, and left to him for that purpose, charges Mr. Cole with having made some unfair, unauthorized use of them; for it seems he also intended to have published a life of Baker. What use Mr. Cole has made of them I know not, never having perused his papers on that subject. But I speak from the best authority, when I say, Mr. Masters is not correct in his intimating (Pref. to Baker's Memoirs, p. 9.) that the article Baker, in the last edition of the Biographia Britannica, was chiefly compiled from his MSS. The editor was Dr. Kippis, between whom and Mr. Gough, (whom he also charges. with making some unfair use of his MSS.) there was no communication. The additions, besides those made by Dr. Kippis himself, were communicated by Mr. Robinson. See Robert Robinson's Life, p. 131. With respect to other matters, it appears, that Mr. Nichols, Mr. Gough's friend, was also in possession of some papers, relating to Mr. Baker, which he purchased of Mr. Burnham, bookseller, in Northampton, in Before I touch on more modern times, I must notice two or three more (just mentioning their principal works): and I must not pass over Dr. William Cave, author of a useful and learned work, The Historia Literaria,published in 1688; John Milner, B. D. vicar of Leeds, in Yorkshire, wrote a Church History of Palestine: Bishop Stillingfleet, is well known for his writings against both Papists and Dissenters. Beveridge, Bishop of Bath and Wells, published on the Oriental Languages and Chronology, and various volumes of sermons, with his own private thoughts, written while he was scholar at Winchester College. Dr. John Smith was author of a translation of the venerable Bede, published in 1722. Dr. Needham is known as editor of Theophrastus's Moral Characters: and Dr. John Edwards, as a celebrated Arminian divine, who wrote Theologia Reformata, and a Body of Practical Divinity. Dr. E. was fellow. John Gauden, D. D. Bishop of Exeter, in 1660, and translated to Worcester in 1662, though omitted in his proper place, must not be passed over: he was scholar of this house, but an author rather of notoriety, than excellency; reputed by many the author of the famous Lixwy Cashin, of which, in different languages, there were printed 50 editions, in one year; and of which Hume 1788. See this matter explained in Literary Anecdotes, vol. ii. under the article, Dr. Zachary Grey, and again, vol. v. under Mr. Thomas Baker. ■ The whole title is, Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Historia Literaria, a Christo Nato usq. ad Seculum xiv. Facili modo digesta, qua de Vita illorum & Rebus Gestis, de Secta, Dogmatibus, Elogio, Stylo, de Scriptis genuinis, dubiis, suppositiis, deperditis, Fragmentis, deq. Variis ope rum Editionibus perspicue agitur. There is an Appendix, by another hand, bringing it down to 1607. says, "Many have not scrupled to ascribe to that book the subsequent restoration of the royal familya." But whatever is determined on that work, Gauden wrote some bombastic pieces; among others, one entitled Iɛga Aanguæ, Ecclesiæ Anglicana suspiria, The Tears, Sighs, Complaints, and Prayers, of the Church of England; Hieraspistes; Funerals made Cordials; and some Sermons 1. He died at Worcester, and lies buried in the choir, where a monument is erected to his memory. John Newcome, D. D. was chosen Lady Margaret's professor in 1727, and, on the death of Dr. Lambert, a Hume inclines to the opinion, that it was not written by Gauden, induced to it by external evidence, but principally by the internal, the style and composition of the Einwy Caoiλinn, between which, and that of Gauden's, he thinks, there is no manner of comparison. The arguments, on both sides of the question, are stated at large in Nichols's Anecdotes of Literature of the 18th Century, vol. i. p. 522: and whichever side.the argument takes, it leaves Gauden an impostor. If he wrote it, he palmed it on the world for Charles the First's; if not, he pretended to the merit, and obtained by it his bishopric; though he had declared against episcopacy, and, it is said, advised Charles II. by letter to abolish episcopacy in Scotland. Bishop Godwin says of him, Unde nata suspicio, illum non regis, quam adversariorum partibus favere et adulari, quam tamen ipse sedulo a se amovere studebat. He is speaking of his appointment to the deanery of Bocking by the Parliament. Vid. Godwin. de Præsul. Ang. p. 473. b In the Notes of Mr. Robinson's translation of Claude's Essay on the Composition of a Sermon, vol. i. p. 383, he observes," the filthiest sermon, that I ever read, was preached by the glorious author of Icon Basilike, Dr. Gauden,” from Jeremiah viii. 11; and truly the specimen produced is enough to make a bale man turn sick. c There is a curious account of Bishop Gauden, in Nash's History of Worcestershire, who inclines to the opinion of Hume, that Icon Basilike was not written by Gauden, but Charles I. and leaves to the former only the merit of being a deceiver.-Hist. of Worcestershire, vol. ii. P. 158. master of this college. He wrote, I understand, some Notes for Dr. Grey's Hudibras, which were, however, not inserted, and published a few single sermons: but I suspect, for I never saw them, he is less to be admired for what he published, than censured for what he suppressed; for it was Dr. N. who caused Baker's account of this college to be suppressed, when it was in contemplation to have it published. Thus far we have seen our Lady Margaret to be the fruitful mother of many children; nor has she, as we approach nearly to the memory of man, been less productive. Thomas Rutherforth, D. D. was eminent in his day, and Regius Professor of Divinity in 1756: he published several books on morals, mathematics, and divinity, the principal of which was, his “Ordo Institutionum Physicarum." He was a strenuous asserter of the doctrine of the Trinity, and of subscription to the 39 Articles, in opposition to the Unitarians. He took his S. T. P. degree in 1745, and died in 1771. John Taylor, L. L. D. was a learned critic in Greek literature, editor of Demosthenes, and who first brought Lysias a out of his great obscurity into public notice. He was also skilled in the civil law, and published, at Cambridge, a work of some celebrity, Elements of Civil Law, He was the confidential friend of Mr. Jeremiah Mark a First published at Cambridge, in 4to. 1748. The notes of Wolfius are intermixed with those of Taylor's and Markland's. But Dr. Taylor did not live to complete his work: so that only the first volume was published. b Qui auctorem, nulli ex vetustis ingenii aut styli laude cedenteın, exlatebris (delituit enim fere ad oblivionem) atq. ex situ produxerim Præf. ad Lysiam. land, the critic, and Dr. Askew, the collector of Greek books and MSS. To the former he is indebted, in his Notes on Demosthenes and Lysias, and being much benefited by the MSS. of the latter, he bequeathed to him many valuable printed books, with his own notes and MSS. These were disposed of at Dr. Askew's sale, and most of them purchased for our Universty-library, where they are now deposited; among which are his Elements on the Civil Law, with his own notes, and Homer's Odyssey, with the neglected ancient Greek letter, called the Aeolic Digamma, to the three first books. The notes and MSS. of Dr. Taylor's own writing, are incredibly numerous and copious. He took his L. L.D. in 1741, and died in 1766. William Samuel Powell, A. B. 1738-S. T. P. 1757, is well known in the annals of our University-history: he succeeded Dr. Newcome as master; and was as strict a disciplinarian in his own college, as he was in the University. He had been a distinguished tutor; to whose advice it was owing, that Mr. Mason, who was student here before he went to Pembroke, printed MUSEUS, the first in the order of his poems. He expresses his respect for his tutor thus: There still shall Gratitude her tribute pay Shall Powel's various virtues rise c. • All his MSS. and printed books, with MS. notes, are distinguished in the Bibliotheca Askeviana Manuscripta, printed in 1784. ▷ Vide Dawesii Miscellanea Critica, sect, iv. ← Necrology, p. 229. ', |