ARTICLE IX.

The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.

ARTICLE X.

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

ARTICLE XI.

The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by citizens. of another State, or by citizens or subjects of any foreign State

ARTICLE XII.

The electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom at least shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice

President; and they shall make distinct lists. of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President, and of the number of votes for each; which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the president of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted; the person having the greatest number of votes for President shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then, from the persons having the highest numbers, not exceeding three, on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately by ballot the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by States, the representation from each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice.

And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President, whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the case of the death, or other constitutional disability of the President.

The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President shall be the VicePresident, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list the Senate shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States.

7

Part Second.

PARLIAMENTARY PRACTICE.

What is a deliberative assembly?

A deliberative assembly is an organized meeting of persons, associated to examine the reasons for and against measures submitted for their decision.

What is an organized meeting?

An organized meeting is an assemblage of persons gathered for deliberation, having its proper officers, which are its instruments or means of action.

What are the necessary officers for a deliberative assembly?

A presiding officer, and a secretary or clerk; but others may be appointed, according to the nature of the organization.

What is the proper mode of organizing a meeting? The

proper mode is for some person to arise,

and, after gaining the attention of the assembly, to suggest the propriety of appointing a présiding officer, and calls upon the house to nominate some one. A nomination being made and seconded, he repeats the question, and says, "Those in favor of the motion will please say Aye." After a pause, he adds, "Those opposed to the motion will say No." If the question is carried in the negative, another nomination is made as before; but if it is carried in the affirmative, the person stating the fact to house calls upon the person elect to assume the proper place. The president then takes the chair, and continues the organization by requesting a nomination for the office of secretary, and such other officers as may be deemed necessary.

When, and why, is it better to organize temporarily?

It is better to organize temporarily when the organization is to be permanent, and because a judicious selection of officers is important.

In what way do meetings, temporarily organized, proceed to a permanent organization?