from American Federation of Labor has been endorsed by the Central Labor Union.

J. F. Mahoney, of Springfield, has organized and forwarded applications for three unions during the past month-the grain handlers, coal handlers, and freight handlers.

Mr. J. E. Hammond, Financial Secretary, Firemen's Union, No. 13, of Lowell, reports that their organization is making splendid progress, and that the firemen of Fall River are out on strike for 17 cents an hour.

MICHIGAN.

Organizer L. E. Tossey, of Detroit, has forwarded applications for two charters during the past month, one for the freight handlers and the other for the carbuilders and wood machinemen.

MINNESOTA.

The Trades and Labor Council, of Minneapolis, report that the committee appointed to draw up resolutions regarding the Knights of Labor, presented the following resolution, at the regular meeting of the council, July 19, which was adopted:

Whereas, the people of this city have been approached from time for the purpose of giving aid to and strengthening the aims of the Knights of Labor, and

Whereas, the Knights of Labor as a duly recognized labor organization does not exist in this city, or if it does exist under that name its membership is devoid of public spirit, benefit or any other quality conducive to the welfare of the workingman, therefore, be it

RESOLVED, That the Trades and Labor Council of the City of Minneapolis, made up as it is of the members of every bona fide, legitimate labor organization in this city, does not in any way sanction the methods employed by this fragment of so-called Knights of Labor, and take this opportunity of advising the community that any encouragement to this unorganized handful of self-seeking individuals, who assume a title worthy in in every way, but not rightfully theirs, is a waste of substance and a perversion of good intention, and should be discontinued, and that for the benefit of those really interested in the advancement of labor, the employer and the employe, copies of these resolutions should be published in the public press for the protection of those who are generous enough to help the cause of trade unionism.

President Friend, of the St. Paul Trades and Labor Assembly, has selected a committee to make arrangements for the celebration of Labor Day, and the committee has issued a call to employers to close their establishments on that day. It also states as follows:

"Today organized labor is stronger in St. Paul than at any previous time in its history, one union alone having increased its membership since September, 1898, from 50 to 550. Twelve organizations have been instituted during the year with a combined membership of over 500, while the prospects for a contiued increase are most flattering.

"That the business interests and our unaffiliated brothers may realize to the utmost the meaning of organized labor, we earnestly urge you to take immediate steps to assist in making the 1899 parade the largest in the history of the movement in this city. It is imperative that your entire membership turn out."

MISSOURI.

Organizer L. P. Negele, of St. Louis, has forwarded an application for charter for the Brushmakers of St. Louis, and reports them in a flourishing condition. Organizer Chas. Kassel, of St. Louis, has organized a union of carriage and wagon blacksmiths and helpers.

Julius Westermeyer, Secretary of the Car Wheel Molders and Helpers, of St. Louis, reports that his union has secured recognition and an increased scale of wages for its members, which has been fairly well recognized by the car shops. One of the companies tried to make an agreement with the men by offering to pay the scale of wages on con

dition that they would leave the union. The Missouri shop shut down a part of the their works, and discharged some of the older employes. At a meeting of the union on June 25, their reinstatement was demanded. The superintendent weakened, and agreed to work the plant full time and to reinstate all the old hands. The total proceeds of the St. Louis Labor Day celebration will be devoted to the Idaho miners.

The labor unions of St. Joseph are preparing a demonstration to occur on September 4, Labor Day. All of the labor unions in the city have joined all classes of citizens in extending an invitation to organized labor in the States of Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa and Illinois to attend this celebration on September 4, and to participate in an elaborate program now being prepared.

O. M. Sams, of Waverly, has forwarded an application for a Federal Labor Union in that city.

ΜΟΝΤΑΝΑ.

C. Des Ormeaux, of Billings, has forwarded an application for a Federal Labor Union in that city.

Organizer Raphael recently delivered an address in advocacy of the union label in the hall of the Silver Bow Trades and Labor Assembly, at Butte. He was cordially received and his remarks were attentively listened to. There is a great field for union labels of all kinds in this region.

NEBRASKA.

Organizer Donnelly, of South Omaha, makes the following report: "Our Central Labor Union is progressing very nicely. We expect to celebrate Labor Day as becomes an industrial city like ours. The painters, stationary firemen and box makers are late additions to our ranks; a portion of our beef butchers have obtained an increase in wages within the past two weeks, increase ranging from 25 to 50 cents per day. Those whose wages were not increased were getting more than has been paid for the same class of work in other packing centers. All are jubilant and our Butchers' Unions are flourishing. At the last meeting of the Central it was decided that each delegate should induce his union to make an effort to have the packing house laborers acquire membership in some Federal Labor Union. Business is good in all lines."

NEW JERSEY.

John Johrenberger, of Elizabeth, has forwarded an application for a charter for the sewing machine builders.

NEW YORK.

President Daniel Harris has issued the call for the third annual convention of the Workingmen's Federation of the State of New York, which will be called to order in the Supervisors' room in the City Hall, at Albany, on Tuesday, September 12, at

noon.

Secretary R. H. Kern has forwarded an application for a charter for the Workingmen's Federation of Labor of the State of New York.

Organizer Hoenig, of Lockport, reports that the carpenters of that city have gained the 9-hour day; that he has organized the coopers, and that the Central Labor Union is arranging a Labor Day demonstration. He has also forwarded application for charter for Newsboys' Protective Union during the past month, and one for the stave and heading workers.

Organizer M. J. O'Brien, of Rochester, has organized the team owners during the past month. R. D. Runyan, Secretary of the Trades Assembly of Rochester, reports that the strike of the Street

and Building Laborers' Union was successful; that they secured the 8 hour workday at $1.50 per day; and that a large majority of the unions are now in a very healthy condition, with steadily increasing memberships. Rochester will have a grand street parade and a reunion at Sea Breeze on Labor Day.

Organizer John T. Richardson, of Rochester, has forwarded application for charter for the block pavers, cement walk and curb setters.

The several unions of Buffalo have secured more commodious headquarters in the Central block, consisting of a large hall and three good-sized meeting rooms. This move was made necessary by the great increase in the number of the local unions. This city is projecting a huge Labor Day celebration.

Organizer W. H. Roche, of Binghamton, has organized a union of draymen of that city.

Organizer G. List, of Syracuse, has organized two unions during the past month-laborers and janitors.

During the past month Organizer Herman Robinson, of New York City, has organized and forwarded an application for charter for a Laborers' Protective Union.

OHIO.

Secretary Bert, of Youngstown Central Labor Union, writes: "We are still forging ahead with our work of organization. We have added the Iron Molders', Musicians', Boiler Makers', and Laborers' Unions to our central body, and will organize the motormen in a week or so. The Molders' Union, at a meeting held a week ago, decided to make a demand for an increase in their wages of 25 cents a day, and when the demand was made it was acceded to without loss of time or the slightest friction between employers and employes."

Organizer Bauer, of Zanesville, reports having organized two Brickmakers' Unions, and that he is now engaged in the organization of the street car men, and also the blast furnace men.

Organizer Cowen reports from Cleveland that "the clothing pressers, and the street car men are on strike again, the latter having gone out because the companies refused to live up to the agreement they signed jointly with the men, and the committee of the city council. The tug pilot engineers, and linemen have a grievance, but no organization. We will look after them. The hoisting engineers and ore-handlers on the Ashtabula docks are on strike against a tyrannical manager, who stated that there will not be a union man in Cleveland when the snow flies." "1

Organizer C. A. Rummel, of Springfield, has organized the chippers of that city during the past month.

Toledo expects to have the best Labor Day celebration ever organized in that city.

M. G. Griffin, of Dayton, has organized the Soap Workers' Union and forwarded application for a charter.

ONTARIO.

The organization committee of the Toronto Trade and Labor Council report that the barbers, window shade workers, railway teamsters, bread drivers, hotel and restaurant employes, furrier cutters, cutters and pressers and the cloak and mantle makers, numbering in all about seven hundred members, have been added to the ranks of trade unionism during the past term.

John A. Flett, Organizer American Federation of Labor for Hamilton, reports that the organiza

tion committee of the Trades and Labor Council of that city has organized so far this year eight unions, viz., those of the street railway employes, rolling mill men, longshoremen, plumbers and steamfitters, buttonhole makers, tinsmiths, sheet metal workers and the textile workers.

Frank Donovan, Secretary of the Laborers' Union No. 7373 of Brantford, reports that their union is making splendid progress, adding new members every week.

Gideon Peer, of Guelph, reports the organization of a Laborers' Union in that city, and that application for a charter will be made to the American Federation of Labor in a few days.

David Moore, of Kingston, has made application for a charter for the masons and builders laborers.

PENNSYLVANIA.

John S. Yetter, Secretary of the newly-organized Chain Makers' Union No. 7416, of Lemoyne, reports that they won their strike, and secured a ten per cent. increase in wages.

Organizer Bernard McGuigan, of New Brighton, has sent in application for charter for the Central Labor Council of Beaver County. He has also organized the tub moulders' helpers of that city.

TENNESSEE.

Geo. W. Ford, of Knoxville, has forwarded an application for a Federal Labor Union.

A. H. Barham, of Jackson, has forwarded a charter application for a Laundry Workers' Union.

TEXAS.

Organizer McH. Parker, of Cleburne, has organized a Federal Labor Union with a good membership during the past month.

VIRGINIA.

Organizer Sheets, of Roanoke, reports that the organization committee, of which he is chairman, has succeeded in forming a Retail Clerks' Union. Roanoke will have a grand Labor Day celebration.

Organizer Salisbury, of Wheeling, W. Va., reports as follows: "The Corrugators' Protective Union, No. 7372, have settled their strike, and returned to work. The union was recognized, and an advance in wages granted. On June 29 the street car strike was adjusted, concessions on both sides, by the assistance of a citizens' committee. The union is recognized; wages, 18 cents per hour for 11 hours per day, and all old men returned to work. The scabs were retained on conditions, but on Sunday they quit, and the citizens got them out of the city."

Henry Stephenson, Montgomery, West Va., has organized a good Federal Labor Union in that city during the past month.

WISCONSIN.

Organizer M. P. Magin, of Milwaukee, has forwarded an application for a charter for the tanners and curriers.

Mr. Sam Woods, Secretary of the British Trade Union Parliamentary Committee, has notified the Secretary of the Amalgamated Engineers that his union, numbering 85,000 members, is excluded from representation in the Trade Union Congress. This serious penalty has been imposed in consequence of the refusal of the Amalgamated to withdraw two of its members from a certain shop in Newcastle-on-Tyne, where they had taken the places of two striking smiths belonging to an independent local union.

An Early Printer's Chapel.

On the eve of the assembling of the forty-fifth annual convention of the International Typographical Union the picture presented in this issue will be regarded as peculiarly appropriate.

Of the three great mechanical inventions that during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries led to the abolition of serfdom and paved the way for the modern wage organization of labor, the invention of printing by movable type stands pre-eminent. Arising in Germany, where the need of a readier method of multiplying books was especially felt during the great dispute concerning the reformation of the clergy, the art preservative soon spread and reached a remarkably high state of development in that brilliant galaxy of industrial republics that then adorned the fair land of Italy.

William Caxton, who first introduced the new art into England, was apprenticed to a London mercer (dry-goods man). In due course of time he became a full member of the union of that trade, and was subsequently chosen as its delegate or business agent in the Netherlands; a position he continued to fill with credit to himself and his union for twenty-three years. We do not know how he became familiar with the art of printing, but it is evident from the black letter type he used in all his works that he was ignorant of the beautiful fonts of the Roman, Venetian and Parisian printers, and we therefore conclude that he acquired his knowledge of the gentle craft in Holland or Germany.

Returning to his native land in 1474 he was indebted to the good monks of Westminster Abbey for the use of one of the many chapels of that already venerable edifice in which to erect his press; though it may be that he was soon thereafter removed to the adjoining abbey building called the Almonry. Here it was that Caxton printed the Game and Playe of the Chesse, the first typographical work executed in England; and here it was that he printed more than fifty volumes of varying merit.

Of the effects of the introduction of the new art upon the then-existing generation of bookmakers we have only space to say that the stationers and scriveners who had their stalls and stands in Paternoster Row, and held their union meetings in the vaults of St. Paul's Cathedral, suffered severely by the change. In that day the sect of purblind theorists called "political economists" had not arisen, and so the unemployed copyists were, at all events, spared the mockery of being informed that for every one of their number thrown out of employment, more than a thousand persons would gain a living by printing in some succeeding century.

Nothing can stay forever the march of industrial progress, but by the institution of strong trade unions with adequate insurance funds, much of the suffering resulting therefrom can be mitigated.

Iron Molders' Convention.

The Iron Molders' Union of North America was called to order on July 10, at Indianapolis, Ind., nearly three hundred delegates being present. The stability and general prosperity of this oldestablished union may be inferred from the fact that although its constitution provides that "this union shall hold representative meetings every two years, unless otherwise decided," no meeting has been held since that in Chicago, Ill., which took place in July, 1895. Perhaps the most important action decided upon by this gathering, and one which reflects great credit on the perspicuity of the

delegates, was a resolution extending its jurisdiction over machine molders and all who work at molding, and advising all members to accept jobs on molding machines and to bring out their best possibilities. No better test of the confidence with which its membership is inspired can be found than the fact of the re-election of the entire board of officers, the only change being the strengthening of the Executive Board by the election of a fourth vice-president. This important convention adjourned on July 25, with mutual_congratulations on the part of the delegates, and cheers for the continued success of the union.

Retail Clerks' Convention.

The ninth annual convention of the Retail Clerks' Protective Association opened in the Midland Hotel, Kansas City, on July 4.

Mayor Jones welcomed the delegates on behalf of Kansas City and spoke of the understanding between the employer and the employe which unionism has wrought.

President Pierson, of the Industrial Council, addressed the assembly and added his welcome to the others.

President Dollison made the response and reviewed the growth of the order. He grew reminiscent and told of the status of the clerk before and after the organization got a hold.

In the evening a reception was held at the Midland Hotel. On Wednesday, regular routine work was steadily rolled off. Thursday, however, saw the delegates somewhat anxious, and a great amount of important work was rushed through. The important changes made in the constitution

were:

Age of membership was reduced from 18 to 16 years.

Hereafter when a clerk goes into business for himself he must take his withdrawal card. Formerly in such cases the clerk became an honorary member.

Unions having been organized in Canada, the title of the general union was changed to "international" instead of national.

The president was made general organizer.
A death benefit of $50 was provided for.

The executive board of four was dispensed with and a provision made for seven vice-presidents, who, with the president, secretary and treasurer, constitute an executive board.

The following resolution in regard to a 6-day week was adopted:

We

"Resolved, That the R. C. N. P. A., in the name of the organized and unorganized retail clerks, protest against the inhuman practice of compelling women and men to work seven days in succession. protest and affirm that one days' rest in seven is an absolute necessity of human life-a natural law that can not be broken with safety; that those who by low wages or fear of discharge compel the violation of this natural law are guilty of a crime against the physical, moral and mental welfare of the human race, and be it further

"Resolved, That we call on all trade unions and trade unionists to agitate and co-operate with us to secure legislative enactments providing for one day's rest in seven. We protest against long hours, overtime and Sunday work and demand that all shall have one free day of rest in seven."

It was decided to hold biennial, instead of annual conventions, hereafter.

It was also decided that at future conventions of the Retail Clerks' International Protective Association, no printed matter shall be distributed in the convention hall unless it bears the union label

of the International Typographical Union or Allied Trades label thereon.

It was further decided that the Retail Clerks' International Protective Association recommend to all subordinate unions the adoption of local laws that will cause the union label to appear upon all printed matter done for their union and members.

The most casual observer who attended the convention in Kansas City would have been convinced that the dominant note of, and the controlling spirit that pervaded, this important gathering, was an earnest desire for the unity of all the forces of labor; and it was with a full consciousness of its indispensability that the following resolution was unanimously adopted:

"Resolved, By the Retail Clerks' International Protective Association in convention assembled, that all local unions are hereby instructed to use their influence with the local lodges of the railway brotherhoods, the bricklayers' local unions and the Western Federation of Miners, to secure their affiliation with the American Federation of Labor."

Max Morris, of Denver, and John R. O'Brien, of Buffalo, were chosen delegates to the American Federation of Labor convention which meets in Detroit next December. And the convention adjourned to meet two years hence in Buffalo, N. Y.

In addressing a mass meeting of sympathizers with striking clerks in London recently, John Burns, M. P., said: "Many of these clerks have to dress like dukes on the wages of dustmen; they have to be eternally young and infernally civil, and have the polished manners of a cabinet minister on the salary of a footman."

These remarks would apply with equal force to many of the retail clerks in our own country. Organization is the remedy, and we congratulate the R. C. T. P. A. on the progress they are making in this direction.

CORRESPONDENCE

We commend to the attention of our readers the able article entitled "A Comparison of Day Labor and Contract System on Municipal Work," the first half of which appears in another column of this issue, and also to the letter transmitting the same which we publish under this heading. The accomplished author, Mr. F. Herbert Snow, is a successful civil engineer who now fills the position of Sewerage Commissioner of Brocton, Mass., and we are pleased to be informed that the authorities of that city are sufficiently enlightened to give the preference to resident labor instead of flooding their city with nomadic laborers whose only recommendation is cheapness when employed on the commonest grade of work.

Day Labor v. Contract System.

BOSTON, July 1, 1899.

Editor American Federationist:

It seems to me that the exemplary action of the Sewerage Commissioners of Brockton in employing city labor is of particular significance since contract labor was proven to be cheaper on first cost. Where this is not true and both classes of work cost the same there is no good reason for dis

criminating against local help. But in this instance, where the difference was so wide, there might have been some excuse. Notwithstanding the variation, the question of what was best for all concerned was settled in favor of city labor.

It would be better for the country at large if all local, State and National measures were settled on as sound a basis.

I imagine it is seldom that a board, in considering such a matter, stops to reason that our Government is not military but municipal, that by common consent we make laws and agree to abide by them, the majority ruling, requiring intelligence, integrity, and good citizenship, the safeguards of the republic, and that to promote these qualities a very practical way is to pay day laborers a suitable price for their work.

Government is paternal; the State's responsibility is a recognized principle. A man who has not the common welfare of his fellow-beings at heart is not a fit person for public life, and he who holds a position of responsibility who will not, so far as opportunity affords, lend his aid to support all rational measures calculated to assist the laboring classes, should be taught that others beside himself are entitled to encouragement, employment, and a share in those pleasures and recreations which profit the individual morally as well as physically.

Hoping that success may crown the efforts of those who honestly, impartially and fearlessly, pursue this great study, and that the time may speedily come when the importance of improving the conditions and elevating the aspirations of the common people by practical and substantial methods will be universally recognized.

I am most respectfully yours.

F. HERBERT SNOW, Ex-City Engineer and now Sewerage Commissioner.

The Idaho Outrage.

CENTRAL LABOR UNION, LOUISVILLE, KY., July 25, 1899.

Editor American Federationist:

At the regular meeting of this union held Sunday, July 23, the following resolution was passed by unanimous vote, and a copy of same ordered sent to the Governor of Idaho, Brig. Gen. Merriam, and to the headquarters of American Federation of Labor, Washington:

"Resolved, that it is the sense of the Central Labor Union, of Louisville, Ky., that the recent proclamation to the mine-owners of Shoshone County, Idaho, given out by order of the Governor of the State and endorsed by Gen. Merriam, of the United States Army, is a blow against the civil rights of the laboring classes of that State and an unparalleled affront to the workingmen of the whole country, in that it denies their right to join a labor organization and compels the mine owners to employ none but non-union men, under pain of having their mines closed. Be it further

"Resolved, that this Central Labor Union condemns in the strongest terms the action of Gen. Merriam in confiscating the records and money of the Miners' Union in Shoshone County, Idaho, as worthy only of the Russian Czar and as being inimical to the ideas of any liberty loving people.

"Resolved, that we further condemn the action of General Merriam in holding as prisoners 400 men in the Standard Oil Stockade. Four of these men have already died from the effects of the unsanitary conditions in this stockade."

FENO M. YOUNG, Corresponding Secretary.

Clerks are Loyal.

UNITED GARMENT WORKERS OF AMERICA,

NEW YORK, July 25, 1899.

Editor American Federationist:

Would you kindly publish the following resolu tion adopted by the Retail Clerks' National Protective Association, held at Kansas City recently, as an act of fairness toward the retail salesmen, who have frequently been accused of protecting retail merchants from the opposition of organized labor, when handling unfair products. There may be individual cases of local associations of clerks interfering in the interest of their employers, but this certainly does not apply to the retail clerks in general, as evidenced by this resolution:

"WHEREAS, The firm of Abe Kirchbaum & Co., clothing manufacturers of Philadelphia, Pa., have compelled their employes to sign a document to the detriment of organized labor, and

"WHEREAS, The firm of Abe Kirchbaum & Co. refuses to recognize union conditions, and

"WHEREAS, The National Organization of the United Garment Workers of America have placed said firm on the unfair list;

"THEREFORE, Be it resolved that the Retail Clerks' International Protective Association, in convention assembled, endorse said action of the United Garment Workers of America, and that the Secretary-Treasurer be instructed to notify all locals affiliated with the Retail Clerks' International Association of this action; and

"WHEREAS, The product of said firm is being sold by firms fair to organized labor and employing members of this association,

"THEREFORE, Be it resolved that we earnestly request that all members of the Retail Clerks' International Protective Association, employed in houses handling the Kirchbaum product, give preference to houses bearing the label of the United Garment Workers."

LOUISVILLE, KY., July 7, 1899. Editor American Federationist:

There appears in the Cincinnati Enquirer, Sunday issue, June 25, an article which attempts to circulate a denial that the "Luhrman & Wilbern Tobacco Company are a part of the American Tobacco Trust.

In view of the fact that the National Tobacco Workers' Union of America is mentioned, we desire to answer the statements made briefly. The article states that the Luhrman & Wilbern Tobacco Company is still a union factory; this we most emphatically deny, as the National Tobacco Workers' Union of America does not recognize that factory as union, from the fact that they do not employ union help; and that they are a part of the Tobacco Trust which is incorporated under the laws of the State of New Jersey.

Messrs. Josiah Brown, Josiah Cobb and W. R. Harris, Directors of the Tobacco Trust, are also Directors in the Luhrman & Wilbern Co., and hold the controlling interest in that institution. We further state that Company has repeat refusing to recognize (Signed) NATIONA

NATIO

Prican Tobacco record as

"D, ERS

RICA.

Slavery Re-Established.

ASTOUNDING FACTS PRESENTED BY THE LABOR COUNCIL OF SAN FRANCISCO-TEXT OF THE SLAVE LAWS STILL IN FORCE IN HAWAII-FIRST FRUITS OF TERRITORIAL EXPANSION.

SAN FRANCISCO LABOR COUNCIL, July 24, 1899. The San Francisco Labor Council, learning from the press reports that the Hawaiian planters had succeeded in making arrangements with the Italian Government which would result in the emigration of from 10,000 to 15,000 Italian laborers to work on the sugar plantations of Hawaii, instructed me to warn the workers of Italy against going to Hawaii, for once in the Islands they are slaves, with no hope of escape.

For verification and explanation of this statement I ask you to read the appended report of the Executive Committee of the San Francisco Labor Council on Hawaiian Emigration, from minutes of the Labor Council of May 28, 1897. At that time a corrupt public official of this State tried to lure California workmen to Hawaii. This Council then had the Hawaiian contract labor laws with some comments published, and not one workman took "advantage" of the offers of the Hawaiian planters. I believe this will be the result when the Italian workmen learn what awaits them in those accursed islands, where greed and cruelty are more rampant than in any other part of our so-called civilized world.

I further want to state that when the Hawaiian planters were seeking annexation of the islands to the United States of America, and after the report, as appended, was used in the United States Congress as an argument against annexation, the planters' representatives promised the repeal of the contract labor laws. They lied. Those laws are still in force, although the flag of the United States floats over the islands.

A recent decision of the Supreme Court of Hawaii, given in the case of two laborers who had "run" away from their employers, had been captured and then claimed that where the Stars and Stripes floats no slavery can exist, explicitly states that the contract labor laws of Hawaii are constitutional, both under Hawaiian and American laws. Unfortunately that is true. In the decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in the case of Robert Robertson and others against Barry Baldwin, rendered in 1895 against four members of the Sailors' Union of the Pacific who had "run" away from a ship in an American port, had been captured and whose case was carried by the union to the Supreme Court, the court held that contracts voluntarily entered into, at no time of their duration could become involuntary, and therefore the seamen could not claim the protection of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution, which prohibits involuntary servitude.

And so today the American flag floats over territory where overseers with whip in hand urge on the toilers in the canefields to harder labor. Once in Hawaii under contract to labor, there is no escape, as you readily see by the enclosed report.

In conclusion, I want to state that the press reports some time ago gave out that the Italian Government had forbidden the wholesale emigration of its subjects to Hawaii. Now the reports state that the objection had been withdrawn and that the laborers would come from northern Italy exclusively. Does the Italian Government want to get rid of its discontented workmen who are becoming troublesome?

The promises of the planters' agents are lies, lies, lies. Warn your countrymen! Bring this at