otherwise be deposited in the downstream channel maintained by the United States. Therefore, maintenance of the turning basin by the city of Richmond reduces the cost of maintenance by the United States of the downstream project channel. The assumption of maintenance of the turning basin by the United States is equitable. Accordingly it is recommended that the existing project for James River, Va., be modified to provide for Federal maintenance of a turning basin to a depth of 25 feet below mean low water opposite the deepwater terminal at Richmond, Va.

Estimated cost to United States.-No initial cost of construction as local interests dredged the turning basin at a cost of $346,051.

Local cooperation.-Responsible local interests are to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) maintain a berthing area 75 feet wide and to equal depth immediately adjacent to the deep-water terminal and extending for the entire length of the turning basin; (b) reimburse the United States for the cost of dredging all materials in the turning basin above a depth of 25 feet at mean low water, with 1 on 3 side slopes, at the time that the United States accomplishes the initial maintenance dredging; (c) hold and save the United States free from damages; and (d) furnish free of cost to the United States suitable spoil-disposal areas for future maintenance, when and as required.

Annual cost of maintenance to United States.-$46,000 in addition to that now required.

Benefits. No direct monetary benefits are anticipated from the assumption of maintenance by the United States of the existing municipal turning basin, for such savings as will accrue to the city will be offset by an equivalent cost to the United States. However, certain intangible benefits will result, such as a better coordination of maintenance dredging operations in the turning basin with those in the existing project channel, including the frequent emergency dredging near the fall line in Richmond Harbor after freshets.

INLAND WATERWAY FROM NORFOLK, VA., TO BEAUFORT INLET, N. C., IN THE VICINITY OF FAIRFIELD, N. C.

(H. Doc. 723, 80th Cong.)

Location. The inland waterway from Norfolk, Va., to Beaufort, N. C., in the vicinity of Fairfield, N. C., consists of a land cut 12 feet deep, 90 feet wide, and 20.4 miles long, connecting Alligator River, a tributary of Albemarle Sound, on the east, with Pungo River, a tributary of Pamlico River, on the west.

Report authorized. By review resolution adopted by the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, November 28, 1944.

Existing project.-Provides for an inland waterway 12 feet deep at mean low water between Norfolk, Va., and Beaufort Inlet, N. C., 197.91 miles, with bottom widths varying from 90 feet in land cuts. to 300 feet in open waters; for the construction of a tidal lock in the Albemarle and Chesapeake Canal at or near Great Bridge, Va.; for the protection of the canal property in the vicinity of the lock against flooding by storm tides through construction of necessary dikes and appurtenant works; and for the construction, operation, and maintenance of a suitable bridge across the waterway near Fairfield, N. C.

Plan of recommended modification of the existing project. To modify the existing project in the vicinity of Fairfield, N. C. to provide for the following: construction of a pumping plant and a dam, with control gates and appurtenant works on Fairfield canal near the inland waterway; restoration and enlargement where necessary of Boundary canal from the vicinity of Swindell canal to the vicinity of Baum canal, together with appurtenant works necessary to cut off inflow from other areas; and construction of dams with 30-inch automatic flood gates across Swindell, Florida, Burris, and Baum canals near the lake. Estimated cost to United States.-$112,400.

Local cooperation.-The modification is recommended provided that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction, maintenance, and operation of the project; (b) hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction works, and from all past damage in the area herein under consideration, which may have been caused by salt-water intrusion as a result of construction of the land cut of the inland waterway; (c) obtain and hold rights-of-way to present canals involved in the improvement including the extinguishment of all present claims of rights, title, and interest to any of the canals; (d) construct all necessary bridges and culverts for roads, and construct, enlarge, and clear all canals and ditches necessary for the efficient operation of the project; and (e) maintain and operate the works after completion. The non-Federal cost is $14,890 for all work inside the project.

Annual cost of maintenance to United States.-None; non-Federal cost, $7,300.

Benefits. The improvement would provide effective drainage, eliminate salt-water intrusion, and produce total average annual benefits estimated at $44,575 of which $30,575 is from the drainage of 2,500 acres that were in cultivation in 1946; and $8,000 is from improved drainage and $6,000 is from elimination of salt-water intrusion on 2,800 acres of abandoned land. The indicated benefit-cost ratio is 3.62, therefore the improvement is economically justified.

The intrusion of salt water in the area is the result of the construction of the land cut of the inland waterway by the United States. An annual expenditure by the United States of $4,400 to eliminate an average annual salt-water damage of $6,000 caused by the United States is warranted. Participation in construction of the improvement by the United States to the extent outlined is justified.

Remarks. Available information indicates that the major hindrance to crop production is inadequate drainage. Data indicate that salt water comes from Pamlico Sound through Pungo River and the inland waterway, and is responsible for some of the crop damage in recent years. The proposed improvement would eliminate salt-water intrusion in the area and also provide large drainage benefits.

FAR CREEK, N. C.

(H. Doc. 770, 80th Cong.)

Location. Far Creek is a tidal stream, 4 miles long, which flows east of Hyde County, N. C., and enters Pamlico Sound on the Atlantic coast. The head of navigation on Far Creek is 200 feet below a

highway crossing in the town of Engelhard, N. C., about 2.3 miles above the creek mouth.

Report authorized.-By review resolution adopted by the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, June 27, 1945.

Eristing project.-The existing Federal project for the creek provides for a channel 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide from Pamlico Sound to a point about 200 feet below the bridge at Engelhard with a small turning basin at the head.

Plan of recommended modification of the existing project. To provide for a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from water of that depth in Pamlico Sound along the general alinement of the existing channel through the wide section of the creek and thence 12 feet deep and 80 feet wide to a point about 200 feet below the highway bridge at Engelhard and for enlargement at the existing turning basin to form a basin 12 feet deep with maximum width and length of about 200 feet and 900 feet, respectively.

Estimated cost to United States.-$80,600.

Local cooperation.-The modification is provided that local interests (a) furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary rights-ofway and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required, (b) set aside suitable space for a public landing and (c) hold and save the United States free from any damages resulting from construction and maintenance of the improvement including the furnishing of releases from damages to oyster grounds. Costs to local interests for rights-of-way and for land set aside for a public landing, $6,250.

Annual cost of maintenance to United States.-$6,000.

Benefits.-Evaluated benefits amount to an average of $10,245 annually, consisting of $5,250 for elimination of delays to sea-food vessels principally through enlargement of the turning basin and $4,995 for reduction in transportation costs on 10,300 tons of petroleum products, highway construction materials, fertilizer, groceries, and miscellaneous commodities. These estimates indicate a benefit-cost ratio of 1.06. The more adequate improvement would increase the refuge value of the harbor thus enlarging the benefits by an unevaluated amount.

Remarks. Adequate navigation facilities are important to Engelhard and vicinity as the community is a long distance from a railroad shipping point and also because commercial fishing is one of its principal sources of income. The existing turning basin and project channel are inadequate for the needs of commerce. The plan for further improvement recommended is suitable. Prospective benefits through elimination of delays to the fishing fleet and reduction in transportation costs to shippers justify the expenditures required for the work.

WATERWAY FROM PAMLICO SOUND TO BEAUFORT HARBOR, N. C., IN THE VICINITY OF MARSHALLBERG, N. C.

(H. Doc. 68, 81st Cong., 1st sess.)

Location. The waterway connecting Pamlico Sound and Beaufort Harbor, N. C., begins at the southeast corner of Pamlico Sound, extends southwest through Wainwright Channel and Core Sound, and thence westerly through The Straits and Taylors Creek to Beaufo Harbor, a total distance of 36.5 miles. Marshallberg is

mai

land near the confluence of Core Sound and The Straits, about 14 miles by highway east of Beaufort, N. C.

Report authorized by.-Review resolution adopted by the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, April 1, 1946.

Existing project. The improvement authorized by Congress provides for a channel 7 feet deep and 75 feet wide through the shoal areas to connect the deeper sections of the natural waterway from Pamlico Sound to Beaufort Harbor; a side channel of the same dimensions from the main channel in Core Sound to the town of Atlantic, 30 miles northeast of Beaufort; a side channel of the same dimensions from the main channel in Core Sound to and including a turning basin of the same depth, 200 feet wide and 500 feet long at sea level; and a side channel 5 feet deep and 75 feet wide from the main channel in Core Sound to and including a turning basin of the same depth, 130 feet wide and 150 feet long at Davis.

Plan of recommended modification of existing project.—The existing project for waterway connecting Pamlico Sound and Beaufort Harbor, N. C., be modified to provide for a harbor 6 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and about 600 feet long in the natural drain between the mouth of Sleepy Creek and the surfaced highway at Marshallberg, with an approach channel of the same depth, 60 feet wide, from the 6-foot contour in The Straits, near the public dock, to the entrance to Sleepy Creek and thence to the harbor.

Estimated cost to United States.-$19,400.

Local cooperation. The improvement is recommended provided that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the construction of the project and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; (b) hold and save the United States free from all damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project; and (c) provide at their own expense suitable space for public landing open to all on equal terms. Cost to local interests $6,300.

Annual cost of maintenance to the United States.-$750, in addition to that now required.

Benefits. The evaluated annual monetary benefits are estimated at $2,725, consisting of $1,950 as savings in maintenance costs to 30 local commercial boats, $450 for elimination of damages to 45 transient commercial boats, and $325 as savings in maintenance costs to 5 local recreational craft. The benefit-cost ratio is 1.35.

Remarks. The improvement would provide a protected harbor for local and transient boats, induce more commercial fishermen to visit the locality, reduce the time of travel to and from the fishing grounds, centralize the harboring of boats, attract more industry to the immediate vicinity, and alleviate the malarial condition in the area if the harbor were constructed in the natural drain between the mouth of Sleepy Creek and the highway.

WATERWAY CONNECTING PAMLICO SOUND AND BEAUFORT HARBOR, N.C., WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO TAYLORS CREEK

(H. Doc. 111, 81st Cong., 1st Sess.)

Location-Taylors Creek, N. C., is the lower 2.6 miles of the 36.5mile waterway connecting Pamlico Sound with Beaufort Harbor. It

extends westerly between the mainland and marsh islands from the mouth of North River to the authorized 12-foot Beaufort Harbor. Lenoxville Point is located at the mouth of North River.

Report authorized by.-Review resolutions adopted by the Senate Commerce Committee on March 9, 1948, and by the Committee on Rivers and Harbors on April 20, 1948.

Existing project.-The improvement authorized by Congress for the waterway connecting Pamlico Sound with Beaufort Harbor provides for a channel 7 feet deep and 75 feet wide from the Sound generally southwesterly by way of Wainwright Slough, Core Sound, the Straits, and Taylors Creek; and for branch and alternate channels and basins. The 12-foot Intracoastal Waterway from Norfolk, Va., to the St. Johns River, Fla., is connected with the west end of Beaufort Harbor through the 12-foot Gallants Channel.

Plan of recommended modification of the existing project. That a channel be provided in Taylors Creek, N. C., 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide to extend about 2.6 miles easterly from the east end of Beaufort Harbor to Lenoxville Point at North River.

Estimated cost to United States.-$82,200.

Local cooperation. The modification is recommended subject to the provision that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (a) furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for the initial construction and subsequent maintenance, as and when required; and (b) hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction and maintenance of the project.

Benefits. The benefits are estimated at $28,125 of which $6,250 is the increased return due to elimination of spoilage of fish, $9,750 is the savings in maintenance costs of boats, $6,875 is the value of the increased catch which would result from the ability of vessels to reach the fishing grounds expeditiously, and $5,250 is savings in labor costs. The benefit-cost ratio is estimated by the district engineer as 3.53. Remarks. Operations of the menhaden fishing boats are through Beaufort Harbor and connecting waterways where the project depths are 12 feet or more. Since these boats which draw up to 13 feet serve the menhaden fisn-processing plants on Taylors Creek, depths in that creek should be increased to correspond with those in Beaufort Harbor and connecting waterways. The improvement is justified economically and in the interest of safety and convenience of established and prospective navigation.

CAPE FEAR RIVER AT AND BELOW WILMINGTON, N. C.

(H. Doc. 87, 81st Cong., 1st sess.)

Location. Cape Fear River, N. C., is formed by the confluence of the Deep and Haw Rivers in Chatham County, N. C. It flows generally southeast to Wilmington, thence south and enters the Atlantic Ocean 5 miles northwest of Cape Fear. Brunswick River, a tributary, branches off from Cape Fear River about 3 miles above Wilmington, flows southeasterly 5.5 miles and rejoins the parent stream 4 miles below Wilmington.