cogged wheel on its end, (to operate in lieu of the four-sided cylinder or axis and its four-cogged wheel, and of the said cards,) together with the combination, application, and use of the said two pairs of racks, with a pinion working in and between the racks of each pair, all combined, applied, used, and adapted to the jacquard machine, as set forth."

37. For an Improvement in Razor Straps; Charles L. Fowle, Boston, Suffolk county, Massachusetts, November 28.

Claim. "What I claim as new, is a combination made up of the following elements or their mechanical equivalents, viz. the double concave piece, the screw block, the screw, and the endless band, the whole being applied together and used as set forth."

38. For an Improvement in the Jacquard; William H. Greene, Jr., Schenectady, Schenectady county, New York, November 28.

Claim. "What I claim as my invention, is the manner in which I have constructed the three trap boards: or in other words, the peculiar manner of arranging the saw splits and holes of the middle and two adjacent trap boards, whereby they may be used in connexion with the series of wires, each of which is constructed with the three eyes."

39. For an Improvement in the Manufacture of Potatoe Starch; E. M., J. S. & W. H. Gordon, Woodstock, Grafton county, New Hampshire, November 28.

Claim. "What we claim as our invention, is the distributing trough, as combined with the subsiding vat, in the manner set forth. We also claim using a shallow subsiding vat, in the manner and for the purpose substantially as set forth, instead of using a deep one, as heretofore."

40. For an Improvement in Knife Polishers; Reuben Shaler, Madison, New Haven county, Connecticut, November 28.

Claim. "What I claim is the apparatus as set forth, for supplying the inward surfaces of leather with the scouring or polishing material used for that purpose, the operation and construction being substantially as set forth."

41. For an Improvement in Sewing Machines; John A. Bradshaw, Lowell, Middlesex county, Massachusetts, November 28.

Claim. "What I claim as my invention, is 1st, the combination of the rubber or friction plate, helical spring, and bobbin, with the case, as set forth, for producing the required degree of tension in the thread whilst being unwound from the bobbin, substantially as set forth.

"2d, I likewise claim the peculiar construction of the flying bobbin case, carrying the second thread, as set forth."

42. For an Improvement in Cooking Stoves; Leonard B. Field, West Sparta, Livingston county, New York, November 28.

Claim. "What I claim as my invention, is the location of the oven by the side of the fire chamber of the flue space, past the rear end, and along the side of the oven to the smoke pipe, substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth."

43. For an Improvement in Mills for Grinding; David Paddock, Pontiac, Oakland county, Michigan, November 28.

The patentee says,-"The nature of my invention consists in providing the runner or upper stone with funnels and tubes, so constructed and arranged as to gather and force between the bed stone and the runner currents of cool air, by the motion of the runner in grinding."

Claim. "What I claim as my invention, is the concentrating and throwing between mill stones currents of cool air, by means of the action of the runner or upper stone, and funnels and tubes affixed to, or inserted in, the stone."

44. For an Improvement in Sausage Stuffers; Seneca S. Jones, Leicester, Livingston county, New York, November 28.

Claim. "What I claim as my invention, is the construction and application of the grooves or other similar passages, to form ventilators or air escapes from the case, as set forth."

45. For an Improvement in Machinery for Making Wooden Pegs; Henry P. Westcott, Seneca Falls, Seneca county, New York, November 28. The patentee says,-"The nature of my invention consists in providing cutters or punches, used in making wooden pins, with sockets so arranged as to point the pins at the same time that they are cut, and dislodge them from the machine."

Claim. "What I claim as my invention, is the combination of pointing sockets, as set forth, with cutting punches, (used in making wooden pins,) in such a manner that they will point the pins at the same time that they are forced through the punches, and afterward dislodge them from the machine, the whole constructed and operating substantially as set forth."

List of American Patents which issued in the month of December, 1848, with Exemplifications, by CHARLES M. KELLER, late Chief Examiner of Patents in the U. S. Patent Office.

1. For an Improvement in Composition for the Pastel Vat, to be used in Dyeing; Horatio N. Barrow, East Windsor, Hartford county, Connecticut, December 5.

Claim. "I claim the composition or vegetable preparation of carrot or parsnip sprouts, made substantially as set forth, and used for the purpose mentioned."

2. For an Improvement in Grinding Card Teeth; George Emerson, Dyersville, Providence county, Rhode Island, December 5.

Claim. "What I claim as my invention, is the combination of the sun and planet gearing, consisting of four cog wheels, with the hollow shaft, double threaded screw, and crescent-shaped piece of iron, by means of which a rotary and traversing motion of the grinding wheel is obtained, the whole being arranged and operated substantially as set forth."

3. For an Improvement in Gun Harpoons; Oliver Allen, Norwich, New London county, Connecticut, December 5.

Claim. "What I claim as my invention, is the combination and arrangement of parts constituting the gun harpoon, or a harpoon calculated to carry or be attached to a line, and be discharged from a gun by the explosion of the charge thereof: or, in other words, I claim the specified combination and arrangement of the barbed head and shank with the button, the crossed strips, and the short cylinder. The peculiar arrangement of the button, with respect to the other parts, enables the line to be fixed to the harpoon at such part of it as will prevent it (the said line) from exercising, during the flight of the instrument, any action calculated to injuriously affect the straight course thereof.'

4. For an Improvement in Smoothing Irons; Mary Ann B. Cook, Boston, Suffolk county, Massachusetts, December 5.

Claim. "What I claim as my invention, is an organization or combination of elementary improvements, consisting of the rounded bevel of the Jower or anterior part of the instrument, the increased weight of the anterior part over the posterior part, and lastly, the rearward pitch of the handle, as set forth; the said peculiar inclination of the handle being to prevent unpleasant strain upon the hand and wrist, and for other purposes.'

5. For an Improvement in Rock Drillers; John T. Foster and Lyman R. Bailey, City of New York, December 5.

The patentees say,-"The nature of our invention consists in providing a frame of metal, or any other material most convenient, and said frame made with an arch on it, in which is a curved groove or slot, in the which is a curved sliding box attached to a drill stock, by which a spindle and chisel can be made to drill holes in rocks at any angle, and made to operate horizontally or perpendicularly; and also in employing a percussive and reactive force to the operation of drilling, by combining a spiral spring with the drill stock and spindle, and operating the same by a cam fixed on an axle of one or two power wheels, by the which contrivance a force is brought to bear upon the drilling of rocks in a far more effectual and economical manner than any heretofore known. The nature of this invention also consists in the peculiar feeding gear, as it is technically termed, by which the drill is allowed to exert the full force applied without jarring the machinery of the machine, so as to prevent the breaking of chisels. The nature of this invention also consists in having adjustable legs attached

to the frame of the machine, to accommodate it to uneven ground on which to stand, and also in providing a jointed curved chisel, to excavate a greater diameter of bore at the bottom of holes, for the purpose of more effectual explosions than by the present known plan for this purpose."

Claim. "What we claim as new, is the combination of the arch with the sliding box or drill stock bearings, moving in a circular or curved groove, whereby the drill stock is moved to any angle of the said arch for the purpose set forth. We also claim the combination of the collar with the drill stock and spindle, by the pawls, and the pinion, and the pallets, aud for the purpose of feeding and changing gear, as set forth."

6. For an Improvement in Billiard Table Cushions; Abraham Bassford, City of New York, December 5.

Claim. "What I claim as my invention, is the application of air or gas confined in a tube of india rubber, or other elastic material, to form the cushion of a billiard table or bagatelle table. I also claim the mode of extending the tube that contains the air or gas in one length around the table, in consequence of which the cushions (tubes) on a table may be inflated at the same time with one air pump, by which the cushions are inflated equally in every part, and by which every point receives the same elasticity."

7. For an Improvement in Car Wheels; Lyman Kinsley, assignee of James M. Cook, Canton, Norfolk county, Massachusetts, December 5.

Claim, "What I claim as my invention, is the manner of making a cast metal chilled tread wheel, having two side plates united to the hub and rim, by the process of founding, the same consisting in making both the plates concave from the hub to the rim, whereby the core can be suffered to remain in the wheel while in the act of cooling, and the advantage of a slow reduction of temperature secured thereby; the said slow reduction of temperature permits the particles of the iron to so adjust themselves as to equally diffuse the various contractile strains; besides, the metal is more or less toughened and annealed by the process of slow cooling."

8. For an Improvement in Stove Flues; W. E. Bleecker and S. D. Vose, Albany, New York, December 5.

The patentees say,-"The invention and improvement, consists in the mode or arrangement of flues for accomplishing the following objects, viz. equal distribution of heat, increase of draft, and protection of the flue space from cold air."

Claim. "What we claim as our invention, is the combination of the two conveying flues with a return flue underneath them, formed by a converging and diverging plate in cooking stoves, as set forth."

9. For an Improvement in Plates for the Boiler Holes of Cooking Stoves; Geo. E. Waring, Stamford, Fairfield county, Connecticut, December 5. Claim, "What I claim as my invention, is making the division piece

part of a contracting ring, as set forth, that it may be reversed from side to side, whereby I am enabled to divide the long boiler hole into two, one small and one large, the large one being of greater diameter than could be found with the usual division piece in the middle, as set forth."

10. For an Improvement in Hand Cultivators; E. E. Hawley, Middletown, Middlesex county, Connecticut, December 5.

The patentee says, "The nature of my invention consists in constructing and arranging a wheel cultivator, to be used by hand, to serve all the purposes of hand hoeing.'

Claim. "What I claim as new, is the tiller, constructed as described, consisting of a frame containing the tilling implements, in combination with the wheels and axle, propelling handle, and guiding brace, the whole constructed and arranged as set forth."

11. For an Improvement in Copying Surfaces by Electricity; Alex. Bain, London, England, December 5; patented in England, May 27, 1843. Claim. "What I claim as my invention, is the copying of surfaces by the electric current through a single circuit of conductors, as set forth. I claim the exclusive right to the use of prussiate of potass, as the most useful ingredient in solutions of chemical compounds, for preparing paper to receive marks formed by the action of electric currents thereon, for telegraphic purposes."

12. For an Improvement in Warming and Ventilating Buildings, &c.; Henry Ruttan, Coburg, New Castle district, Canada, December, 5; Canadian patent dated 23d June, 1848.

Claim. "What I claim as my invention, is the mode of warming and ventilating buildings, the same consisting in introducing the air from without, at some point sufficiently above the ground to get a pure air, and sufficiently low down to get clear of smoke, said air to be introduced by being conducted under the floor of the building, and directly under the furnace or stove, for the purpose of supplying air to be warmed for distribution, and after being thus warmed, rising in a central or otherwise convenient apartment or passage, and thence carried into the various rooms, by openings in the walls at the upper part or near the ceilings, without the aid of pipes, and thence downwards, through suitable openings in the lower part of the room, and thence outward through the various channels provided, connected with the foul air flue or chimney. I claim also, in the air-warming furnace, the arrangement of the radiating pipes or flues, in combination with the fire chamber, situated within or between them in the manner set forth; and, in combination with the elevated air chamber and flues, I claim the arrangement of the openings for admitting heated air above the fire to complete the combustion, as set forth. I claim the mode of constructing the grate, viz., of raising one or more cylindrical grates above the grate floor, said raised grates being capped or covered in such manner as to protect the vertical bars from the fuel, substantially as set forth. I also claim