Low-Energy FPGAs — Architecture and Design

Pirmais vāks
Springer Science & Business Media, 2001. gada 30. jūn. - 182 lappuses
Low-Energy FPGAs: Architecture and Design is a primary resource for both researchers and practicing engineers in the field of digital circuit design.
The book addresses the energy consumption of Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). FPGAs are becoming popular as embedded components in computing platforms. The programmability of the FPGA can be used to customize implementations of functions on an application basis. This leads to performance gains, and enables reuse of expensive silicon.
Chapter 1 provides an overview of digital circuit design and FPGAs. Chapter 2 looks at the implication of deep-submicron technology onFPGA power dissipation. Chapter 3 describes the exploration environment to guide and evaluate design decisions. Chapter 4 discusses the architectural optimization process to evaluate the trade-offs between the flexibility of the architecture, and the effect on the performance metrics. Chapter 5 reviews different circuit techniques to reduce the performance overhead of some of the dominant components. Chapter 6 shows methods to configure FPGAs to minimize the programming overhead. Chapter 7 addresses the physical realization of some of the critical components and the final implementation of a specific low-energy FPGA. Chapter 8 compares the prototype array to an equivalent commercial architecture.

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Saturs

INTRODUCTION
5
2 FPGA
6
3 INTERCONNECT ARCHITECTURE
7
4 LOGIC BLOCK ARCHITECTURE
11
5 PROGRAMMING TECHNOLOGY
13
6 COMPUTATION MODEL
17
7 FPGA AS A PERFORMANCE ACCELERATOR
19
8 RESEARCH PROJECTS
20
CIRCUIT TECHNIQUES
95
3 ENERGYDELAY DESIGN SPACE
96
4 LOWSWING SIGNALING
98
5 LOWSWING CIRCUIT
101
6 CLOCK DISTRIBUTION
105
7 CONCLUSION
110
CONFIGURATION ENERGY
111
3 CONFIGURATION TECHNIQUES
112

9 FPGA AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION
24
10 CONCLUSION
25
POWER DISSIPATION IN FPGAS
27
3 IMPACT OF POWER DISSIPATION
32
4 COMPONENTS OF POWER
34
5 CLOCK ENERGY
38
6 CONCLUSION
40
EXPLORATION ENVIRONMENT
43
3 EVALUATION FLOW
44
4 MAPPING
46
5 ARCHITECTURE REPRESENTATION
47
6 PLACEMENT
50
7 ROUTING
55
8 EXTRACTION
66
9 CONCLUSION
67
LOGIC AND INTERCONNECT ARCHITECTURE
69
3 ENERGYDELAY COMPONENTS
71
4 ARCHITECTURAL COMPONENTS
74
5 LOGIC BLOCK
75
6 GOAL OF INTERCONNECT OPTIMIZATION
81
7 INTERCONNECT ARCHITECTURE
83
8 CONCLUSION
92
4 SHIFT REGISTER VERSUS RANDOM ACCESS
115
5 CONFIGURATION ENERGY COMPONENTS
118
6 METHODS TO REDUCE CONFIGURATION ENERGY
119
7 CONCLUSION
124
HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION
127
3 INTERCONNECT
131
4 TILE LAYOUT
137
5 CONFIGURATION ARCHITECTURE
139
6 FINAL LAYOUT
142
7 FPGA AS AN EMBEDDED UNIT
143
8 CONCLUSION
149
RESULTS
151
3 MEASUREMENT STRATEGY
153
4 MEASURED DATA
154
5 CONCLUSION
161
CONCLUSION
163
3 THIS WORK
164
4 LOOKING AHEAD
168
BIBLIOGRAPHY
171
INDEX
179
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