bear contradiction. He studied the history of government in all its branches, and had an intimate knowledge of men and their tempers. Was of extraordinary courage and obstinacy.

[Ps.] Dorothy, Waller's "Saccharissa."

Up. Sir Henry Montagu, 1st Earl of Manchester, Ch. Just. King's Bench. See MONTAGU (in JUDGES) for this most remarkable family, whose high qualities appear to have been mainly derived through an infusion of the Sydney blood, inasmuch as of the vast number of the other descendants of the first Ch. Just. Montagu in Henry VIII.'s reign, no line was distinguished except this that had mixed its blood with that of the Sydneys.

3 UpS. Baron Kimbolton; Walter Montagu, Abbot of Pontoise; and the 1st Earl Sandwich, the great admiral.

8 UPP. 1st Duke of Montagu; William Montagu, Ch. Baron Exchequer ; Charles Montagu, 1st E. of Halifax; Francis North, 1st Lord Guilford, Lord Chancellor; and his three brothers; Charles Hatton, "the incomparable."

Still more could be said, but I refer the reader to the
Montagu genealogy.

Taylors of Norwich. This family-Mrs. Austen being the most eminent among its deceased members-contains a large number of well-known names. The Martineau section also includes a large amount of diffused ability, much more than would be supposed from the scanty records in the annexed diagram. Many of its members have attained distinction in the law, in the arts, and in the army. The Nonconformist element runs strong, in the blood of the Martineaus and Taylors.

(1) (See pedigree on next page.) The five sons were—

John and Philip Taylor, both of them men of science.

Richard, editor of the "Diversions of Purley" and of the
Philosophical Magazine.

Edward, Gresham Professor of Music.

Arthur, F.S.A., author of "The Glory of Regality."

(2) The three grandsons are

Edgar Taylor, an accomplished writer on legal subjects, and translator of Grimm's "Popular Tales."

Emily, a pleasing poetess.

Taylors of Norwich, continued

Richard, geologist, author of "Statistics of Coal." (3) Colonel Meadows Taylor, writer on Indian affairs.

Taylors of Ongar. This family is remarkable from the universality with which its members have been pervaded with

a restless literary talent, evangelical disposition, and an artistic taste. The type seems to be a very decided one, and to be accompanied with constitutional vigour; thus Mrs. Gilbert died a short time since at the advanced age of 84. None of its members have attained the highest rank among authors, but several are considerably above the average. The accompanying genealogical tree, taken from "The Family Pen," by the Rev. I. Taylor, explains their relationships.

I should add that Mr. Tom Taylor, dramatic author, &c., is
not a relation of either of these families.

Trollope, Mrs. Frances; novelist of considerable power.
[F.] Rev.
Miller, an able man.

S.

Anthony Trollope, eminent novelist.

S. Thomas Adolphus Trollope, miscellaneous writer.

ADDENDA TO PAGE 173.

Austen, Jane; "Pride and Prejudice," "Sense and Sensibility," &c. An abundance of sterling ability exists among her relations.

gB. Dr. Theophilus Leigh, master of Baliol for nearly half a century; overflowing with puns, witticisms, and sharp

retorts.

[F.] A good scholar.

[f] had strong common sense and a lively imagination.

[B.] Henry, had great conversational powers.

B. Francis, G. C. B., senior admiral of the fleet.

[B.] Charles, also an admiral; dearly beloved by those whom he commanded.

[5 NS.] 5 brothers, sons of the Rev. J. E. Austen Leigh, the biographer of his aunt. They have all been fellows of their respective colleges, at Oxford or Cambridge; four of them were university prizemen, and two were Newcastle medallists at Eton.

CHAPTER XI.

MEN OF SCIENCE.

My choice of Men of Science, like that of the men of literature, may seem capricious. They were both governed to some extent by similar considerations, and therefore the preface to my last chapter is in a great degree applicable to this. There is yet another special difficulty in the selection of a satisfactory first-class of scientific men.

The fact of a person's name being associated with some one striking scientific discovery helps enormously, but often unduly, to prolong his reputation to after ages. It is notorious that the same discovery is frequently made simultaneously and quite independently, by different persons. Thus, to speak of only a few cases in late years, the discoveries of photography, of electric telegraphy, and of the planet Neptune through theoretical calculations, have all their rival claimants. It would seem, that discoveries are usually made when the time is ripe for them-that is to say, when the ideas from which they naturally flow are fermenting in the minds of many men. When apples are ripe, a trifling event suffices to decide, which of them shall first drop off its stalk; so a small accident will often determine the scientific man who shall first make and publish a new discovery. There are many persons who have contributed vast numbers of original memoirs, all of them of some, many of great, but none of extraordinary importance. These men have the capacity of making a

striking discovery, though they had not the luck to do so. Their work is valuable, and remains, but the worker is forgotten. Nay, some eminently scientific men have shown their original powers by little more than a continuous flow of helpful suggestions and criticisms, which were individually of too little importance to be remembered in the history of Science, but which, in their aggregate, formed a notable aid towards its progress. In the scanty history of the once well-known "Lunar Society" of the Midland Counties-of which Watt, Boulton, and Darwin were the chief notabilities there is frequent allusion to a man of whom nothing more than the name now remains, but who had apparently very great influence on the thoughts of his contemporaries—I mean Dr. Small. Or, to take a more recent case, I suppose that Dr. Whewell would be generally ranked in the class G of natural ability. His intellectual energy was prodigious, his writing unceasing, and his conversational powers extraordinary. Also, few will doubt that, although the range of his labours was exceedingly wide and scattered, Science in one form or another was his chief pursuit. His influence on the progress of Science during the earlier years of his life was, I believe, considerable, but it is impossible to specify the particulars of that influence, or so to justify our opinion that posterity will be likely to pay regard to it. Biographers will seek in vain for important discoveries in Science, with which Dr. Whewell's name may hereafter be identified.

Owing to these considerations, the area of my choice is greatly narrowed. I can only include those scientific men who have achieved an enduring reputation, or who are otherwise well known to the present generation. I have proceeded in my selection just as I did in the case of the literary men-namely, I have taken the most prominent names from ordinary biographical dictionaries.

I now annex my usual tables.