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I tell you that which ye yourselves do know.

We did not do these things in the good old days.
Judges and senates have been bought for gold.

A lovelier flower on earth was never seen.

When I shall have brought them into the land, then will they turn to other gods.

I thought I should have seen some Hercules.

Without the art of printing, we should now have had no learning at all; for books would have perished faster than they could have been transcribed.

They apprehended that he might have been carried off by gypsies.

I do entreat that we may sup together.

No man can do these miracles, except God be with him.
They shall pursue thee until thou perish.

She 'll not tell me if she love me.

If thou hadst said him nay, it had been sin.

Hugo is gone to his lowly bed.

Men were grown impatient of reproof.

The Picts were never heard of in history after these great defeats.

This work cannot be dispensed with by any book-lover.

The most sacred things may be made an ill use of.

It is laid hands upon and kissed.

So am I given in charge.

The very door-step is worn with my feet.

The barley was just reaped.

She is wedded; her husband is banished.

Thus it was now in England.

Wilfrid had roused him to reply.

He was forbidden access to the sacrifices; he was refused the protection of law.

You would be taught your duty.

Plans and elevations of their palace have been made for them, and are now being engraved for the public.

Some criminal is being tried for murder.

My Prometheus, which has been long finished, is now being transcribed.

It is acting the evil which is being accomplished within him.

Alphabetical List of Irregular Verbs.

Below are given, in alphabetical order, the verbs of the Old conjugation and the irregular verbs of the New, with reference from each to the paragraph where its conjugation is described.

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CHAPTER IX.

ADVERBS.

308. We saw in the second chapter (41-2) that while a word that qualifies a noun is called an adjective, one that qualifies a verb is called an ADVERB; and also that, besides verbs, adverbs qualify adjectives and sometimes other adverbs. Thus,

he spoke truly;

a truly upright man;

I see him very often.

That adverbs sometimes also qualify prepositions, is pointed out below (381). 309. Not all adverbs can be used with all the parts of speech that adverbs qualify.

The adverbs that qualify other adverbs are almost only those of degree: as very, too, more, most.

The same are used most freely with adjectives. But, as adjectives shade off into participles, implying something of condition or action, they take more or less freely the whole series of qualifying adverbs which the verb takes.

On the other hand, adverbs of degree are less used with verbs. Some of the commonest of them, as very and too, even do not go with verbs directly at all; they have to be changed to very much, too much.

Hence these are also avoided with past participles, except such as have been turned fully into adjectives: thus, we say

very timid, but very much frightened;
very glad, but very much rejoiced;
too weary, but too much fatigued;
too angry,
but too much enraged.

310. Adverbs shade off into prepositions and conjunctions; and the same word, often, is used as two of these three parts of speech, or even as all the three.

Thus, the oldest and simplest prepositions, such as

in, on, off, up, to,

were originally adverbs, and most of them are still used as such : for example,

he comes in;

it turned up;

they ran off;

move to and fro.

And when an adverb, instead of qualifying simply the verb, the word of action, in a sentence, qualifies in meaning rather the whole sentence, showing its relation to another sentence or word, it gets the value of a conjunction, and may be named and parsed Compare 331.

as one.

311. Adverbs in English are innumerable, and of the most various meaning and use.

But we may divide them roughly into the following classes: a. Adverbs of place and motion: as,

here, there, yonder, below, above, in, out,
up, down, back, forward, hither, hence;

b. Adverbs of time and succession: as,
then, now, formerly, hereafter, always,
often, seldom, never, soon, afterward,

next, once, twice, first, thirdly, fourthly.

c. Adverbs of manner and quality: as,
so, thus, somehow, otherwise, well, ill,
truly, foolishly, roundly, faithfully.

d. Adverbs of measure and degree: as,
much, little, more, least, almost, all,

scarcely, quite, very, enough, greatly.

e. Adverbs of modality, or modal adverbs

such as

show the way in which the thought is conceived by the speaker, the relation of one thought to another, and so on : thus, affirmative adverbs are, for example,

surely, certainly, indeed;

negative are

not, noways;

potential are

perhaps, possibly, probably;

causal are

hence, therefore, accordingly.

The modal adverbs oftenest come to be used as conjunctions.

The same adverb may be of one and another class, in different meanings and connections.

312. Adverbs, again, like the other parts of speech, are either simple, derivative, or compound.

Examples of SIMPLE adverbs, or of such as cannot be traced to simpler forms without going outside of English, are

so, now, ill, much, quite, enough, often.

313. The principal classes of DERIVATIVE adverbs are as follows:

a. Adverbs are formed from adjectives with the suffix ly: examples are

truly, wholly, hastily, distressingly, ponderously, disinterestedly.

This is by far the largest class of our adverbs; most adjectives of quality, and some of other kinds, take the suffix ly to make a corresponding adverb.

But adjectives in ble shorten blely into bly: thus,

ably, terribly, respectably.

And those in ic change the ic into ical before ly: thus,

frantically, rustically, authentically.

b. A few adverbs are formed from adjectives and nouns by the suffix wise: thus,

likewise, otherwise, crosswise, lengthwise.

These might almost more properly be called compound, since wise has not gone absolutely out of use as an independent word.

c. Adverbs of direction are formed from other adverbs (rarely adjectives and nouns), by the suffix ward or wards: thus,

toward or towards, upward or upwards, forward,
backward, afterward, downward, homeward, shoreward.

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