Of the 457 foreign-born employees in this industry, concerning whom information was obtained, 49.2 per cent have been in the United States under ten years, 8.1 per cent from ten to fourteen, 9.6 per cent from fifteen to nineteen, and 33 per cent, a proportion slightly below that shown with a residence of less than five years, for twenty years or over. It will be noted that the proportions of male employees in each period of residence group vary only slightly from the proportions shown in the total for all employees, while the females show a considerably smaller proportion with a residence of under five years, a slightly smaller proportion with a residence of from five to nine years, a considerably larger proportion with a residence of from fifteen to nineteen years and a slightly larger proportion with a residence of from ten to fourteen years and twenty years or over than is shown for all foreign-born employees, irrespective of sex.

ROPE, TWINE, AND HEMP.

The following table shows, by sex and race, the percentage of foreign-born employees, engaged in rope, twine, and hemp manufacture, who had been in the United States each specified number of years: TABLE 39.-Per cent of foreign-born employees in the United States each specified number of years, by sex and race-Rope, twine, and hemp.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. No deduction is made for time spent abroad. This table includes only races with 80 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

Of 2,737 employees in this industry, concerning whom information was obtained, the largest proportion, or 63.9 per cent, have been in the United States less than five, 20.4 per cent from five to nine, 4.7 per cent from ten to fourteen, and 4.2 per cent from fifteen to nineteen years, while 6.9 per cent have been in this country twenty years or over. The proportions of both males and females in each period of residence group, vary very slightly from the proportions shown for all employees. As regards the males, it will be noted that the small proportion of Irish and French Canadians with a residence of less than five years are not only in striking contrast with the proportions of North Italians, South Italians, and Poles, but with the Scotch as well, for the proportion of the latter, although much smaller than the proportion shown by the Poles, is very much larger than that shown by either the French Canadians or Irish. The difference in the proportions with a residence of from five to nine, ten to fourteen, and fifteen to nineteen years, are by no means so marked as among those with a residence of less than five years or twenty years or over. In this latter group the Irish show by far the largest proportion, or 70.6 per cent, followed by the French Canadians with 43.3 per cent, while of the other races, the proportions with this period of residence range from 16.7 per cent of the Scotch to 0.6 per cent of the Poles. The proportions of females belonging to the more recent immigrant races, with a residence of less than five years, range from 88.2 per cent of the North Italians to 78.4 per cent of the Poles, while the proportions of the older immigrants range from 52.5 per cent of the Scotch to 31 per cent of the Irish. Of those females with a residence of from five to nine, ten to fourteen, and fifteen to nineteen years, the proportions range from 26.3 per cent of the Scotch to 6.7 per cent of the South Italians, from 13.5 per cent of the French Canadians to 1.8 per cent of the Poles, and from 20.2 per cent of the French Canadians to 0.7 per cent of the Poles, respectively-the South Italians reporting no proportion with a residence of from ten to fourteen and the North Italians no proportion with a residence of from fifteen to nineteen years. No North or South Italians and only 0.1 per cent of the Poles, as compared with 8.5 per cent of the Scotch, 13.5 per cent of the French Canadians and 40.5 per cent of the Irish have been in the United States twenty years or over. The totals shown in the above table are but a combination of the proportions of males and females, and are presented so that a comparison of the proportions of the various races, in each specified period of residence group, may be made irrespective of sex.

SEWING MACHINES-EAST.

The table next submitted shows, by sex and race, the percentage of foreign-born employees in sewing-machine manufacturing establishments in New Jersey who had been in the United States each specified number of years.

TABLE 40.-Per cent of foreign-born employees in the United States each specified number of years, by sex and race-Sewing machines-East.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. No deduction is made for time spent abroad. This table includes only races with 80 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

MALE.

Of 4,092 foreign-born employees shown in the above table 34.1 per cent have been in the United States under five years, 20 per cent from five to 9 years, 6.6 per cent from ten to fourteen years, 10.1 per cent from fifteen to nineteen years, and 29.2 per cent have been in this country twenty years or over. The Russian employees show 61.9 per cent, the Poles, Lithuanians, and Magyars over 50 per cent, and other specified races considerably smaller proportions who have been in the United States under five years. Only 7.9 per cent of the Irish have been in this country under the above-mentioned number of years. The Magyars show the highest percentage and the English the lowest percentage having a residence of from five to nine years. The Irish show the highest percentage and the Germans the lowest percentage with a residence from ten to fourteen years. The Germans

show the highest percentage and the Lithuanians the lowest percentage with a residence from fifteen to nineteen years. The Irish show 55.3 per cent, the English over 50 per cent, and the Germans over 45 per cent who have been in the United States twenty years or over, as contrasted with 5.3 per cent of the Poles, less than 5 per cent of the Magyars and Lithuanians, and only 1.8 per cent of the Russians who have been in this country for the above specified period of time. The female foreign-born employees show a higher percentage than the male employees who have been in the United States from ten to fourteen and from fifteen to nineteen years. In each other specified period of residence the proportion of males is larger than that of females.

SEWING MACHINES-MIDDLE WEST.

The following table shows, by race, the percentage of foreign-born male employees of Indiana sewing-machine establishments who had been in the United States each specified number of years.

TABLE 41.-Per cent of foreign-born male employees in the United States each specified number of years, by race-Sewing machines-Middle West.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. No deduction is made for time spent abroad. This table includes only races with 40 or more males reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

The above table shows that of 949 foreign-born male employees 43.3 per cent have been in the United States under five years, 18.4 per cent from five to nine years, 5.6 per cent from ten to fourteen years, 12.1 per cent from sixteen to nineteen years, and 20.5 per cent have been in this country twenty years or over. The Magyars show 61.7 per cent, the Russians over 50 per cent, the Poles over 30 per cent, and the Germans over 13.6 per cent who have been in the United States under five years. The Russians show the highest percentage and the Germans the lowest percentage who have been in the United States from five to nine and from ten to fourteen years. The Poles show the highest percentage and the Magyars the lowest percentage with a residence of from fifteen to nineteen years. The German employees show 58.4 per cent, the Poles over 20 per cent, the Magyars 3.8 per cent, while no Russians have been in the United States twenty years or over.

SEWING MACHINES-TOTAL.

The table following shows, by sex and race, the percentage of the total number of foreign-born employees of sewing machine establishments for whom information was secured who had been in the United States each specified number of years.

TABLE 42.-Per cent of foreign-born employees in the United States each specified number of years, by sex and race-Industry as a whole.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. No deduction is made for time spent abroad. This table includes only races with 80 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

The preceding table shows that of 5,041 foreign-born employees reporting 35.8 per cent have been in the United States under five years, 19.7 per cent from five to nine years, 6.4 per cent from ten to fourteen years, 10.5 per cent from fifteen to nineteen years, and 27.6 per cent have been in this country twenty years or over. Of the employees who have been in the United States under five years, the Russians show 59.7 per cent as having that period of residence, followed by the Magyars, Russian Hebrews, and Lithuanians in the order named, all reporting over 50 per cent as contrasted with considerably smaller proportions of the employees who are of other